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    Evaluation of Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora) Disease Reaction of Pear Hybrid Combinations
    (Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2017) Evrenosoglu, Yasemin; Misirli, Adalet; Aysan, Yesim; Saygili, Hikmet; Boztepe, Ozlem; Horuz, Sumer; Bilgin, Nihal Acarsoy; Bilen, Emre; Baykul, Ali
    Fire blight caused by pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is the serious disease of pear. Since there is no effective chemical management to this disease except antibiotic-type compounds, it is very important to improve new fire blight resistant cultivars. In this research, it was aimed to select and develop fire blight resistant pear types and to determine fire blight susceptibility levels of pear hybrids, obtained from different projects. Hybrid plants were inoculated by shoot injections twice each year. Evaluations were made through necrotic shoot rate and susceptibility levels of hybrids were determined. During the experiments, 7036 hybrid pear seedlings inoculated, and 12.28% of them were found as "very low susceptibility" (A), 3.62% as "low susceptibility" (B) classes.
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    INVESTIGATION ON IDENTIFICATION OF NEW RESISTANT RESOURCES TO BACTERIAL CANKER AND WILT DISEASE
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Kabas, Aylin; Boyaci, H. Filiz; Horuz, Sumer; Aysan, Yesim; Ilbi, Hulya
    Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Smith) Davis et al (Cmm) is an important bacterial agent for tomatoes causing destructive disease. The best way to control of this disease is to use resistant cultivars. Unfortunately there has not been developed a resistant variety against the Cmm because the heritability of resistance is quite complex. In this study, the reactions of 78 genotypes including wild accessions of tomato and cultivar types were investigated. Cmm suspension adjusted to 10(7)cfu/ml concentration was injected in the wound for the inoculation. Seedlings were incubated in a climate controlled greenhouse. Disease symptoms were scored seven times during eight weeks by using the 0-4 scale values from inoculation. Three genotypes were showed resistance against the Cmm. S. peruvianum and S. chmielewskii were found as tolerant and S. habrochaites was determined as moderate tolerant. Both of genotypes have great importance as new resistance sources that they don't need embryo rescue like S. peruvianum.
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    POTENTIAL OF BACTERIOPHAGES TO CONTROL BACTERIAL SPECK OF TOMATO (PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE pv. TOMATO)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Cement, Aziz; Saygili, Hikmet; Horuz, Sumer; Aysan, Yesim
    Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is one of the widely grown vegetable crop throught the world. The bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), causes bacterial speck disease on tomatoes. Several control strategies are performed for disease management. As a strategy, bacteriophages, are natural enemies of bacteria and extremely specific to their targeted hosts without affecting any other bacteria. In this study, isolation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato-lysing bacteriophages, potential of bacteriophages as biological control agents and efficacy of phages on other tomato infecting and saprophytic bacteria were investigated. Samples of tomato plants with typical symptoms of bacterial speck disease were collected from 17 tomato fields, 12 greenhouses and four nurseries in Adana and Mersin provinces in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. The plaques (inhibition zones) were observed after 36 hours of incubation, and 47 putative bacteriophages were purified. Among the obtained bacteriophages, phage PH 33 isolate was completely (100 %) suppressed the growth of pathogen and increased the germination rate by %14.6, whereas the phage PH 34 was suppressed the pathogen by 65.8 % and increased the germination rate by 21.6 %. These phages (PH 33 and PH 34) had no inhibition effect on the other tomato bacterial diseases and the saprophytic bacterial flora on tomatoes. Both bacteriophages were specific to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study about isolation of bacteriophages against Pst and efficacy of bacteriophages for biocontrol of Pst in Turkey.