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Öğe Effect of Gamma-Irradiated Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene on the High- and Low-Temperature Properties of Bitumen(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Fainleib, Alexander; Gunay, Taylan; Starostenko, Olga; Kovalinska, TetyanaThis paper describes polymer modification of bitumen with gamma-irradiated recycled (gamma-LDPER) low-density polyethylene. The recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPER) was obtained from greenhouse films exposed to sunlight at least one year. The surface of the LDPER was treated by gamma beamirradiation that provided formation of free radicals and some functional groups thatmay contribute to the creation of strong chemical bonds between polymer modifier and bitumen. Five different samples of bitumen/gamma-LDPER compositions with the modifier content, wt. %: 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, were prepared. The effects of the gamma-LDPER on original and aged bitumen were investigated by means of morphological, chemical, and physical testing program, including FTIR spectroscopy, conventional tests, rotational viscosity (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. Superior performing asphalt pavements (Superpave) specifications were used to analyze mechanical test results as well as to determine the performance grades (PG) of the binders. Optimum usage of the gamma-LDPER as modifier in bitumen were suggested after testing program. The results reveal the stiffening effect of the gamma-LDPER on bitumen that provide enhanced temperature susceptibility and also promise better performance grades (PG) with gamma-LDPER polymer modification.Öğe Effect of Gamma-Irradiated Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene on the High- and Low-Temperature Properties of Bitumen(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Fainleib, Alexander; Gunay, Taylan; Starostenko, Olga; Kovalinska, TetyanaThis paper describes polymer modification of bitumen with gamma-irradiated recycled (gamma-LDPER) low-density polyethylene. The recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPER) was obtained from greenhouse films exposed to sunlight at least one year. The surface of the LDPER was treated by gamma beamirradiation that provided formation of free radicals and some functional groups thatmay contribute to the creation of strong chemical bonds between polymer modifier and bitumen. Five different samples of bitumen/gamma-LDPER compositions with the modifier content, wt. %: 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, were prepared. The effects of the gamma-LDPER on original and aged bitumen were investigated by means of morphological, chemical, and physical testing program, including FTIR spectroscopy, conventional tests, rotational viscosity (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. Superior performing asphalt pavements (Superpave) specifications were used to analyze mechanical test results as well as to determine the performance grades (PG) of the binders. Optimum usage of the gamma-LDPER as modifier in bitumen were suggested after testing program. The results reveal the stiffening effect of the gamma-LDPER on bitumen that provide enhanced temperature susceptibility and also promise better performance grades (PG) with gamma-LDPER polymer modification.Öğe Effect of maleic anhydride grafted and gamma-irradiated waste polypropylene on rheological properties of asphalt binder(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Gunay, Taylan; Ahmedzade, Perviz; Hassanpour-Kasanagh, Sajjad; Fainleib, Alexander M.; Starostenko, OlgaWaste polymers have been employed as a modifier in bitumen to improve the performance of the binders and reduce plastic pollution. Grafting of maleic anhydride (MA) is a method to increase the chemical and physical consistency between the polymer and binder. In this study, maleic anhydride grafted waste polypropylene was employed as a bitumen modifier. Gamma irradiation is applied to waste polypropylene to improve the compatibility. The effects of MA-grafted irradiated waste polypropylene (PPR-gamma-MA) on physical and rheological properties of bitumen were investigated through a test program. Storage stability tests signifies that the gamma irradiation could diminish the phase separation between the modifier and bitumen. The thermorheological tests showed employing PPR-gamma-MA improves the high temperature performance, whilst it has a slightly adverse effect on low temperature performance of bitumen. The results of multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test indicate that PPR-gamma-MA reduces the non-recoverable deformation and enhanced elastic recovery of the material, whereas the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test result signifies PPR-gamma-MA improved the fatigue life of asphalt by increasing fatigue damage resistance under different strain levels. The rheological test results emphasised on the usability of PPR-gamma-MA as a modifier in binders.Öğe Effects of Gilsonite on Performance Properties of Bitumen(Turkish Chamber Civil Engineers, 2022) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Alqudah, Omar; Gunay, Taylan; Geckil, TacettinThe effectiveness of natural Gilsonite on the performance properties of modified bitumens was studied. Three samples having different ratios of Gilsonite that are 6%, 8% and 10% by weight of base bitumen which was PG 64-16 grade were prepared. The physical properties and storage stabilities of four samples were investigated by means of conventional tests. The short-term and long-term aging processes of bitumens were conducted with rolling thin oven and pressure aging vessel tests, respectively. Rheological properties of bitumens were examined by means of Superpave tests such as rotational viscosity, dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer. After the rheological study, the low and high temperature performance classes of bitumens were determined by the Superpave specification. The results showed that natural Gilsonite-modified bitumens provide improvement in rheological and physical properties of bitumen, and were found highly compatible with base bitumen. Gilsonite additive significantly increased stiffness and viscosity of bitumen, and improved the resistance against fatigue cracking and rutting of bitumen, without causing a reduction in thermal cracking resistance of bitumen.Öğe Effects of Waste Polypropylene Additive on the Properties of Bituminous Binder(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Demirelli, Kadir; Gunay, Taylan; Biryan, Fatih; Alqudah, Omar; Kurniawan, D; Nor, FMIn this study, a polymer which have a content of 80% wasted polypropylene and other materials, such as maleic anhydride and styrene known as compatible with bitumen was synthesised and employed as a modifier in bitumen. After the polymer (PPr) synthesizing, base and polymer modified bitumens were investigated by means of florescent microscope, penetration, softening point, rotational viscometer (RV) and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests. The results indicated that PPR modifier provides an increased stiffness for bitumen. For instance, the binder having % 6 PPR has a penetration of 27 dmm, softening point value of 76 degrees C, viscosity of 687.5 cP whereas base bitumen has a penetration of 62dmm, softening point of 50.5 degrees C and viscosity of 412 cP. Stiffening effect of the PPr was also approved by complex modulus (G*) values in DSR tests. Better viscoelastic behaviour was observed by means of DSR test after the modification. In addition to importance of employing waste polymers in pavements in terms of economic and environmental care, the results indicate the positive effect of the waste polymer on the performance of bitumen and against of rutting in asphalt concrete. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by ELsevier B.V.Öğe Evaluation of bitumen physical properties modified with waste plastic pipes(Canadian Science Publishing, Nrc Research Press, 2018) Kofteci, Sevil; Ahmedzade, Perviz; Gunay, TaylanThe aim of this paper is to examine the effects of ground plastic pipe wastes on bitumen. For this purpose, three modified bitumen samples with modifier contents of 2%, 4%, and 6% along with pure bitumen were prepared and tested. To understand the effect of modifier on bitumen, conventional bitumen tests, rotational viscosity tests at 135 degrees C and 165 degrees C, dynamic shear rheometer tests at three different frequencies that represent three different traffic speeds, and bending beam rheometer (BBR) test were performed. The BBR test results showed that resistance of pure bitumen to low-temperature cracking increased by using additives up to 4%. Based on the results of this study, it can be said that waste plastic pipes can be used as modifier for the bitumen binder. The 4% additive showed the best performance.Öğe Investigation of physical properties of base and SBS modified bitumens by rheological test methods(Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Escuela Construccion Civil, 2022) Gunay, TaylanBitumen is modified with various modifiers to diminish the deformation occurred in flexible pavements due to traffic loads and the effects of climate. Polymer modification and more specifically Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) copolymer modification is one of the most common methods to enhance the physical properties of bitumen. However, the polymer modified bitumens could exhibit different rheological properties compared to original bitumen. In this work, it is aimed to investigate the effects of SBS copolymer on thermorheological properties of bitumen by means of state of art test methods. To this end, a rheological program including small amplitude oscillation shear test (SAOS), construction of master curves by using time-temperature superposition (TTS) principle, determination of zero shear viscosity (ZSV) and multiple shear creep recovery tests (MSCR) were employed along with other fundamental tests. SAOS test result signifies a positive effect of SBS on the viscoelastic deformation nature of bitumen. The master curves of the complex viscosity of binders reveal that SBS modifier reduced the Newtonian flow properties of bitumen. The decrements in non-recoverable creep compliance and the increment in percent recovery signify that SBS modifier has dramatically enhanced the applicability of bitumen as a binder in flexible pavement at mid to high temperature ranges.Öğe Irradiated Recycled High Density Polyethylene Usage as a Modifier for Bitumen(Asce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers, 2017) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Gunay, Taylan; Grigoryeva, Olga; Starostenko, OlgaThis paper studies the use of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPER) obtained from waste bottle crates as modifier in bitumen. Post-consumer HDPE was irradiated in order to casue a chemical interaction with bitumen. Accordingly, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the effects of the electron beam irradiation on the chemical structure of HDPE. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fluorescent microscopy results signified that there might be a chemical interaction between electron beam irradiated HDPE (HDPERe) and bitumen. Physical and rheological tests were applied to the binders to investigate the effects of HDPERe polymer on the performance of the bitumen. Fundamental rheological tests performed using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) indicate that the HDPERe modifier provides a clear improvement in temperature susceptibility of bitumen. Thus, the HDPERe modification produces enhanced physical properties of bitumen, allowing the HDPERe modifier to be used as a modifier in bitumen especially to prevent permanent deformation. (C) 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.Öğe Physical and rheological properties of nano-TiO2 and nanocomposite modified bitumens(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Gunay, Taylan; Ahmedzade, PervizUsage of nano-TiO2 and nano-TiO2/styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) nano-composite as a modifier in bitumen was studied. To this end, conventional test methods including softening point and penetration tests were applied to binders to examine the physical changes after nano-TiO2 modification. the rheological characterizations of base and nano modified binder were performed by means of constructing master curves of complex viscosity (eta*), storage (G') and loss modulus (G '') by time-temperature superposition principle. Short-term aging behavior of binders were investigated by means of roll thin film oven test (RTFOT). Dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) was employed to determinate high temperature performance grade (PG) of bitumens by using Superpave specification. Multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test, up-to-date method proposed for high temperature performance grades, was applied to short-term aged bitumen. the performance grades of base and nano modified bitumens determined by Superpave specification and MSCR method were also compared. the results suggest that addition of nano-TiO2 has a positive influence on stiffness of bitumen whereas the nanocomposite modifier formed by means of nano-TiO2 and SBS polymer could satisfactorily be employed as modifier in bitumen as better rheological parameters were obtained compared to pure SBS modification. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Physical Investigation of Polymer Nanocomposite-Modified Bitumens Containing Halloysite Nanotube and Sepiolite Nanoclay(Asce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers, 2024) Gunay, Taylan; Ahmedzade, PervizIn this study, nanocomposite-modified bitumens were prepared and mechanically tested as an alternative to polymer-modified binder. Halloysite nanotube and sepiolite nanoclay were employed along with some polymers to form nanocomposites through the melt intercalation method. The storage stability of the nanocomposite-modified bitumens was tested to evaluate the compatibility. Conventional tests were conducted to compare the physical changes after nanocomposite modification. The viscosity of the nanocomposite-modified binders was determined using a rotational viscometer. Finally, the high- and low-temperature performance grades were evaluated using a rheological testing program. The results showed that the compatibility of the nanocomposites was within acceptable limits, while certain nanocomposite types significantly increased the stiffness of bitumen compared to polymer modifiers alone, resulting in an improvement in the physical performance of bitumen.Öğe Rheological Analysis of Modified Bitumen by PVC Based Various Recycled Plastics(Asce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers, 2020) Kofteci, Sevil; Gunay, Taylan; Ahmedzade, PervizThe aim of this paper is to examine the rheological behavior of bitumen modified by three waste plastics (old window frames, blinds, and cables) which are composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Thus, nine polymer-modified bitumen samples were produced by adding the PVC-based modifiers to bitumen at three different contents (2%, 4%, and 6%).The rheological properties of the pure and modified bitumens were analyzed by means of conventional and rotational viscosity (RV) tests as well as the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. The DSR test was performed at three different frequencies representing three different traffic speeds on highways. Master curves of complex viscosity and complex modulus of modified bitumens were plotted using the data obtained from DSR test results. After polymer modification, it was observed that all modified binders behaved like Newtonian fluid, especially at lower angular frequencies. The results of the tests indicate that waste blind modification has a certain stiffening effect on bitumen. However, it provides a higher complex modulus and a lower phase angle at all traffic speeds. Modification using waste blinds of more than 4% caused difficult workability of the bitumen. This means that, by using plastic blind waste as a modifier with a 4% usage rate, it is possible to decrease wheel-tracking deformation, which is fundamental for the extension of pavement life. (C) 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.Öğe Thermorheological properties of asphalt binders(Wiley, 2020) Gunay, Taylan; Tomkovic, Tanja; Hatzikiriakos, Savvas G.The rheological properties of different types of asphalt binders were studied and compared considering their constituents and physical characteristics. the saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene (SARA) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have shown their individual constituents and two distinct glass transition temperatures, indicating the phase changes of the two main components of the asphalt binders, namely asphaltenes and maltenes. Rheological characterization was performed over a wide range of temperatures (-10 degrees C-60 degrees C) showing that these materials may exhibit viscoelastic solid to viscous liquid behaviour. Master curves of complex viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus were constructed by applying the time-temperature superposition principle, which was found applicable over the temperature range considered. Stress relaxation and steady-shear test were applied to the samples in order to determine their rheological behaviour in the nonlinear viscoelastic regime (viscosity and nonlinear relaxation modulus). the rheological results were modelled and revealed that the Kaye-Bernstein-Kearsley-Zappas (K-BKZ) constitutive equation is suitable in representing the rheological behaviour of asphalts. the SARA analysis and rheological measurements were found to be compatible.Öğe Usage of Recycled Postconsumer Polypropylene in Bituminous Binder(Turkish Chamber Civil Engineers, 2016) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Fainleib, Alexander; Gunay, Taylan; Grigoryeva, OlgaAlthough waste polymers are economical materials, they are limited, in the case of a wide usage in highway application due to no chemical interaction between them and bituminous binders. In this work, recycled polypropylene was exposed to gamma irradiation to form free radical on the polymer surface. Five different samples of modified bitumen were prepared with the modifier content, wt. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9% and binders were investigated in term of chemical and physical properties by means of FT-IR spectroscopy, florescent microscope, conventional tests, short and long term aging procedures, rotational viscosity, dynamic shear and bending beam rheometer tests.Öğe USE OF SURFACE ACTIVATED RECYCLED HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE FOR BITUMEN MODIFICATION(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2014) Ahmedzade, Perviz; Fainleib, Alexander; Gunay, Taylan; Kultayev, Baurzhan; Starostenko, OlgaGamma irradiated recycled high density polyethylene (gamma-HDPER) was investigated as a modifier in bitumen by means of the physical and chemical tests. Recycled high density polyethylene (HDPER) was exposed to gamma irradiation to form free radicals on the waste polymer that could provide a chemical bonding. The forming of new free radicals on polymers was observed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The textures of the binders were obtained by means of florescent microscopy. Subsequently, in this study, physical test methods, roll thin film oven (RTFO), pressure aging vessel (PAV), rotational viscosity (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests were conducted on base and modified bitumens. The study shows that gamma-HDPER additive improves high temperature performance of bitumen and binder with gamma-HDPER can be used a larger temperature range than base bitumen.
