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Öğe ALTERNATIVES OF THE GREEN TISSUE IN THE CITY CENTRES(Health & Environment Assoc, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Abdioglu, Mediha; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruIn rapidly developing countries in the world, the number of urban population and urban growth by further increasing the value of land and leads to high density the construction of the structure. This loss can change the green space in cities and is seen as the root cause of many environmental problems in these areas. Living in those urban built environment can need to get breathe under the pressure of parks, gardens and so on. Dwindling green spaces around buildings, streets and sidewalks of the urban, daily life continued moving away from nature day by day. Give more space to green space in urban areas in search of nature at every opportunity with the integration of assessment and conservation of natural resources are important issues on the world agenda, environmental issues in global scale such as climate change, the built environment, increase the "green" awareness and cities with the natural environment, and creating conditions future use of natural resources gives direction to work on building new habitats. Thus today's rapidly devolving urbanization destructive effects everyday minimize the life and to built environment is under pressure to sustain the people who have green space/area/front/surface alternatives to provide recently produced an ecological and aesthetic green tissue alternatives that we are need.Öğe The alternatives use of aquatic plants in geopark within approach landscape ecology(Springer, 2020) Yazici, Kubra; Gulgun, BahriyeIn the developed countries which attach importance to the health of their citizens, people are able benefit from the remedial properties of pristine and beautiful natural environments, favorable climate, sunlight, proper and functioning infra- and superstructures, efficient socio-cultural environmental opportunities, and hot mineral waters, in addition to other kinds of supportive care they receive under physician control. This study was conducted to research the aquatic plants that could be grown around the Kursunlu thermal springs located in the Salihli district of Manisa province and to determine the best living environmental conditions for these plants so that the plant species that would have the highest quality of life in the area could be identified. the Kursunlu thermal springs have different properties and qualities in terms of aquatic plants thanks to the geothermal energy present in and around them. in this context, an attempt was made to examine the vegetation of these locations, and Kursunlu thermal springs were selected as the case area for the study. the aim of the study was to improve the quality of life in the thermal springs and to popularize the use of aquatic plants. Taking into consideration the geothermal energy present in and around the study area, the aquatic plants that would be most suitable to include for landscape projects in the area were determined. These plants were then evaluated in terms of their visual properties, and expert opinions were taken regarding their use in landscape projects. This also presented an opportunity into research and gain insight to the level of influence of the natural properties of the area over the plants.Öğe Determination of impact of urbanization on agricultural land and wetland land use in balcovas' delta by remote sensing and GIS technique(Springer, 2007) Bolca, Mustafa; Turkyilmaz, Bahar; Kurucu, Yusuf; Altinbas, Unal; Esetlili, M. Tolga; Gulgun, BahriyeBecause of their intense vegetation and the fact that they include areas of coastline, deltas situated in the vicinity of big cities are areas of greet attraction for people who wish to get away from in a crowded city. However, deltas, with their fertile soil and unique flora and fauna, need to be protected. In order for the use of such areas to be planned in a sustainable way by local authorities, there is a need for detailed data about these regions. In this study, the changes in land use of the Bal ova Delta, which is to the immediate west of Turkey's third largest city Izmir, from 1957 up to the present day, were investigated. In the study, using aerial photographs taken in 1957, 1976 and 1995 and an IKONOS satellite image from the year 2005, the natural and cultural characteristics of the region and changes in the coastline were determined spatially. Through this study, which aimed to reveal the characteristics of the areas of land already lost as well as the types of land use in the Bal ova delta and to determine geographically the remaining areas in need of protection, local authorities were provided with the required data support. Bal ova consists of flat and fertile wetland with mainly citrus-fruit orchards and flower-producing green houses. The marsh and lagoon system situated in the coastal areas of the delta provides a habitat for wild life, in particular birds. In the Bal ova Delta, which provides feeding and resting for migratory birds, freshwater sources are of vital importance for fauna and flora. The settlement area, which in 1957 was 182 ha, increased 11-fold up to the year 2005 when it reached 2,141 ha. On the other hand, great losses were determined in farming land, olive groves, forest and in the marsh and lagoon system. This unsystematic and rapid urbanization occurring in the study region is not only causing the loss of important agricultural land and wetland, but also lasting water and soil pollution.Öğe Determination of the effects of temporal change in urban and agricultural land uses as seen in the example of the town of Akhisar, using remote sensing techniques(Springer, 2009) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yoruk, Ismail; Turkyilmaz, Bahar; Bolca, Mustafa; Gunes, AsliToday, as a result of erratic and unplanned urbanization, towns are rapidly becoming a mass of concrete and town-dwellers are suffocated by their busy and stressful professional lives. They feel a need for places where they can find breathing-space in their free time. Green areas within towns are important spaces where townspeople are able to carry out recreational activities. These places form a link between townspeople and nature. The importance of urban green areas is increasing with every passing day due to their social, psychological, ecological, physical and economic functions and their impact on the quality of towns. In this study it has been attempted to demonstrate the pressures of urban development on agricultural land by determining the changing land use situation over the years in the district of Akhisar. In this research, an aerial photograph from year 1939 and satellite images of the town from the years 2000 and 2007 were used. Land use changes in the region were determined spatially. As a result of this study, which aims to determine in which direction urbanization is progressing in the district, the importance of town planning emerges. This study will be informative for the local authorities in their future town planning projects. With its flat and almost flat fertile arable land, the district of Akhisar occupies an important position within the province of Manisa. From the point of view of olive production the region is one of Turkey's important centres. Fifty-five percent of the olive production in the province of Manisa is realized in Akhisar. However, the results of the present study show that while agricultural areas comprised 2.5805 km(2) in 1939, these had diminished to 1.5146 km(2) in the year 2000 and had diminished to 1.0762 km(2) in the year 2007 and residential area (dense) 0.449 km(2) occupied in 1939, in the year 2000 this had risen to 1.9472 and 2.3238 km(2) in the year 2007. This planless urbanization in the study area has led to great losses of farmland.Öğe EFFECTS OF OUTDOOR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR INTENDED USE: THE CASE OF TOKAT CITY CENTER(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruOrnamental plants are important design materials in landcape architecture work. Their use is of importance not only for their aesthetic effects but also for their functional properties. In an environment where green spaces have largely been destroyed and concrete structures have increased in number, the functional use of plants comes to the fore. The plant texture in urban spaces has a function that stabilizes the building and people. Therefore, plants provide the necessary balance of mass-gap in the urban fabric. It is necessary that design principles be followed while choosing the plants used in open-green spaces. Plants perform their visual and functional effects in spaces where plantation work is done in accordance with the principles concerned, thus making urban spaces liveable for people. This study discusses the functional and aesthetic effects of ornamental plants with samples of plants in green spaces in the center in the sample of Tokat.Öğe An examination of the effects of land use changes on nature conservation rulings in Ce angstrom me peninsula, Turkey(Springer, 2009) Gulgun, Bahriye; Turkyilmaz, Bahar; Bolca, Mustafa; Ozen, FulsenBecause of their intense vegetation and the fact that they include areas of coastline, deltas situated in the vicinity of big cities are areas of great attraction for people who wish to get away from in a crowded city. However, coasts, with their fertile soil and unique flora and fauna, need to be protected. In order for the use of such areas to be planned in a sustainable way by local authorities, there is a need for detailed data about these regions. In this study, the changes in land use of the area between Topburnu and U double dagger burun Musa Bey Harbour on the Ce angstrom me peninsula, which is to the immediate west of Turkey's third largest city Äaut degrees zmir, from 1976 up to the present day, were investigated. In the study, using aerial photographs taken in 1976, 1995 and 2000 and an IKONOS satellite image from the year 2007, the natural and cultural characteristics of the region and changes in the coastline were determined spatially. Using aerial photographs from 1976, 1995 and 2000 and an IKONOS satellite image from the year 2007, together with "1/25,000 scale Conservation-Oriented Development Plans" prepared in 1979, 1990 and 2000 by the committee for the Preservation of Natural and Cultural Entities attached to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Turkish Republic, the natural and cultural characteristics of the region and the land use changes and their connection with conservation rulings were determined spatially. In this study, spatial changes in land use over the years were compared with changing conservation rulings over the years and the emerging results have brought a new perspective to the subject in contrast to other similar studies.Öğe FOREST PLANTATION AND ALTERNATIVE UTILIZATION OF SOME CULTIVATED PLANTS IN TURKEY(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, Sukru; Balik, GokhanDespite the fact that the size of the "industrial forest plantation", which is also known as "tree agriculture", is merely 5% of the world's forests, 35% of wood raw material production is from these areas. This, in turn, increases the importance of tree agriculture. In Turkey, around 35 10(6) m(3) of wood raw material is consumed annually. Yet, the production power of our natural forests is around 18 10(6) m(3) today. Consequently, Turkey imports the raw material she cannot meet by her own means. For this reason, the quest of Turkey for raw material brought the use of new plant species appropriate for this purpose to the agenda. In this research, the physiological structures and utilization characteristics in landscaping and industrial sectors of some natural plant species used in Turkey's forest plantation are assessed. As well as this point, the utilizations of some cultivated plants that may alternatively will be used in forest plantation are also assessed.Öğe FROM TRADITIONAL ZOOS TO SAFARI PARKS(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Ozkan, Cigdem; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruIn today's conditions, with the phenomenon of urbanization, natural habitats, which people and animals need, are disappearing at an increasing rate. As a result of the rapid consumption of natural habitats, many species and human life are adversely affected. Open public spaces which people can spend their leisure time and get away from urban life, albeit for a short-term, and reach recreation, remain inadequate in terms of quality and quantity. Zoos, one of the places where people spend time with animals, are planned and designed with the concept of insufficient space. However, in order to be efficient for people and animals, exhibit areas of animals should have a wide and unlimited effect. In this study, the concept of zoo and purposes, types and planning-design principles of zoos will be discussed. Subsequently, the concept of wildlife park (safari park) will be examined. In summary, the fact that safari parks are in fact typologies of zoos and how they differ in our country will be explained.Öğe A GIS-based model for rating natural protection areas according to natural protection priorities(Sapiens Publishing, 2007) Turkyilmaz, Bahar; Kurucu, Yusuf; Bolca, Mustafa; Altinbas, Unal; Esetlili, Tolga; Gulgun, Bahriye; Ozen, Fulsen; Gencer, Gulbahar; Guney, Aydin; Hepcan, Seif; Ozden, NejatThere has been a major urban shift of population in Turkey over the last century. Most people lived in rural areas until 1960, but now more than half live in urban areas. This trend has continued over the last 20 years, as families moved further away from city centres to find houses in the country, and this has caused land use to change rapidly. In decision-making studies to protect nature areas, rating and assessment of ecological data by scientific verification is difficult due to the huge volume and diversity of data. Therefore, the search for the most suitable and applicable method to achieve physical planning based on ecological understanding has been sought. The necessity for numerous parameters to be taken into account has stimulated the use of geographic information systems (GIS). This study assesses the usefulness of a GIS-based model in the protected area of Kaynaklar County, to the south of the city of Izmir. Existing cultural and natural land-use types, as well as soil, hydrologic, geologic and geomorphologic data layers (future classes) were gathered from field observation and using Landsat and IKONOS satellite images, and transferred to a database according to GIS rules. Index values were determined by taking impact on attributes of natural protection as a priority and these were attached to each feature class. Layers of data were merged by spatial intersection methods and new polygons were created for both cultural and natural features. A three-grade final map of the study area was generated using total index values of each new polygon.Öğe THE IMPORTANCE OF APPROPRIATE AREA PLANNING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN GROWING ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN TURKEY(Health & Environment Assoc, 2016) Yazici, Kubra; Gulgun, Bahriye; Dursun, SukruInformation technology is a fast growing sector gaining a large commercial share in today's developing world. The ornamental plants sector benefits from technology to a great extent. Geographical Information Systems (GIS), used mainly in the management of location based information, is also an important tool in terms of determining appropriate production areas for outdoor ornamental plants, bulbous plants, and cut flower sector. Today, the growing demand for ornamental plants has increased the need for new facilities. The selection of greenhouse area and nursery facilities has an important part among the planned facilities. The organizations today lacking technology based foundations do not look promising in terms of continuity and sustainability. Therefore, it is an important consequence that the ornamental plants facilities structured without a plan will adversely affect both plant growing process and meeting the demand in the region. This study investigated the importance of GIS (Geographical Information Systems) in ornamental plants sector and the criteria that can be used in GIS, and it intended to guide future research.Öğe IMPORTANCE OF LILIUM CANDIDUM (WHITE LILY) GROWTH IN ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF TURKEY AS A POTENTIAL FOR LANDSCAPE AND FOOD SECTOR IN TOKAT(Health & Environment Assoc, 2016) Yazici, Kubra; Gulgun, BahriyeBecause of their flowers, leaves, scent, texture ornamental garden plants are very popular among people who live in urban and rural areas. Most commonly, they are grown for the display of their aesthetic features. Bulbous plants (i.e. Geophytes) are the best example for this purpose. Even in history there is a certain era in Ottoman Empire can be said to have begun to orient itself towards Western Civilization is called "Tulip Period" or "Tulip Era". Bulbous plants have a significant place in history. Lilium candidum is a perennial, ostentatious and approximately one meter high, pleasant-smelling bulbous ornamental garden plant. It is an important mark in the culture of Tokat city. This bulbous plant has a very strong place both in cuisine and in home gardens of Tokat. This precious plant began to disappear because of increase of industrialization causing pollution and loss of planting areas due to the demand for new residential areas caused by increasing population. In this study, cultural and landscape values of Lilium candidum is analysed by SWOT analysis methodology. The aim of study is to emphasize the importance of Lilium candidum in many fields such as agriculture, chemistry, nutrient (food), landscape and increase the usage of this plant in these sectors.Öğe TOKAT AND AMASYA CITIES MONUMENTAL TREES AS NATURAL HERITAGE(Stef92 Technology Ltd, 2015) Gulgun, Bahriye; Yazici, Kubra; Dursun, SukruMonumental trees divide in four groups as historical, mystical, folkloric and dimensional monumental trees. Dimensional monumental trees should be distinctive on the basis of species and habitat, and they should live long enough (at least 100 years) to link up the generations. Additionally some trees can have some qualifications other than normal image of the species which can be so valuable and must be protected but unless they have historical, mystical, folkloric and dimensional characteristic they can't be announced as monumental trees. This study examines the monumental trees in the cities of Amasya and Tokat that are in Central Black Sea Region. There are 5 dimensional monumental tress in Amasya and 6 dimensional trees in Tokat. In this study, the link that the monumental trees establish between the past and the future has been emphasized and the negative factors about the maintenance of the monumental trees have been evaluated. As a result of the evaluations; solutions to carry the monumental trees as healthy natural heritage elements to the future have been suggested.
