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Öğe A Comparative Assessment of alpha-Tocopherol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Some Fresh and Commercial Fruit Juices(Turkish Biochem Soc, 2014) Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Kayalar, Husniye; Erdogan, Tugce; Kivcak, BijenAim: Fruits and vegetables are the main sources of antioxidant compounds and vitamins. In nature, alpha-tocopherol, is the most abundant and biologically active form of Vitamin E. The current study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity and alpha-tocopherol content of commercial and freshly squeezed fruit juices. Material and Methods: Apple, apricot and tomatoes fresh and commercial fruit juices were evaluated for their potential antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS(+) radical scavenging capacity assays. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of juices were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride colorimetric methods respectively. The alpha-tocopherol contents of juices were investigated by HPLC-UV chromatographic method. Results: The highest alpha-tocopherol concentration was found in freshly squeezed tomatoes juice (0.0761+0.20mg/100g) the total phenolic content of freshly squeezed fruit juices measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 2.10-12.83mg gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE/100ml). The total flavonoid content of samples was expressed as quercetin equivalents (mg QE/100ml). The commercial tomatoes juice showed higher content of flavonoid (4.10 +/- 0.0126 mg QE/100ml), followed by freshly squeezed apple and apricot fruit juices. The fresh fruit juices of tomatoes showed the lowest content of flavonoid and highest content of total phenolic compounds. Freshly squeezed apple juice and apricot juice were found to exert higher antioxidant activities in ABTS(+) and DPPH assays respectively. Conclusion: It was observed that alpha-tocopherol content and antioxidant capacities and total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of freshly squeezed juices were higher than commercial ones.Öğe A Comparative Evaluation of Chlorogenic Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity in Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Samples Under Different Storage Conditions(Chem Soc Pakistan, 2020) Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Kayalar, Husniye; Ozturk, MunirArtichoke has been used for a long time in the traditional medicine against dyspeptic complaints and as a liver protector due to its choleretic and cholagogue effects. Chlorogenic acid, the main ingredient of artichoke is known to show hepatoprotector, anticancer, anti-obesity and antioxidant activities. in this study, antioxidant activity and chlorogenic acid quantification were performed using the samples of artichoke as fresh, boiled, frozen, boiled frozen, canned, fresh leaf and dry leaf. Potential antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay. Flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined by Aluminum chloride colorimetry and Folin-Ciocalteu methods. the amounts of colorogenic acid in the samples were determined by HPLC-DAD system. the results have shown that highest chlorogenic acid content was determined in the 10-minute frozen-boiled sample (0.01441 mg/100g), followed by canned (0.01043 mg/100g), 20-minute cooked artichoke (0.001912 mg/100g), fresh artichoke (0.001519 mg/100g) and frozen artichoke (0.0004 mg/100g). the antioxidant activity results have revealed that highest % DPPH capture effect was observed in the cooked artichoke sample (ED50 =1.949 mg/ml). the total flavonoid content was equivalent to quercetin (43.859 mg QE/100g) whereas total phenolic content equalled to gallic acid (14.640 mg GAE/100g). the antioxidant activity and the amounts of colorogenic acid were found to be the highest in the cooked artichoke sample whereas the lowest antioxidant activity observed in canned artichoke. the results show that the heat treatment applied for storage can positively affect the amount of chlorogenic acid and antioxidant activity.Öğe Evaluation of Essential Oil From Different Artemisia fragrans Willd. Populations: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Younessi-Hamzekhanlu, Mehdi; Sanjari, Sepideh; Dejahang, Ata; Karkaj, Esmaeil Sheidai; Nojadeh, Mohsen Sabzi; Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Ozturk, MunirArtemisia fragrans is an aromatic and perennial herb with green silver leaves and yellow flowers, widely distributed in Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia and Turkey. The plant and its essential oil (EO) are used in traditional medicine and have economic value. in this study, the composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of 16 A. fragrans essential oil samples collected from different habitats in Iran were analyzed. A total of 85 compounds were detected using GC-MS analysis, the major constituents being camphor (9.91-34.44 %), alpha-thujone (19.22-42.63 %) and 1,8-cineole (12.57-31.87 %). Davanone D, alpha-cadinol, verbenene, ortho-oci-men were detected in the analysis as the new components for this species and are first reported by us. Anti-bacterial activity and minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of EOs were tested on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus vulgaris (Gram-negative strains) Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococ-cus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive strains). The EOs showed better inhibitory effects against Gram-negative strains compared to Gram-positive ones. Among the EOs, E7 (IC50 = 9.1 mu g/mL) population showed the highest radical scavenging capacity, which was equal to the positive control (butylated hyroxytoluene). The quantitative and qualitative variability of the studied EOs and their antibacterial and antioxidant activities may be recommended for pharmacological and cosmetic industries.Öğe Fatty acid composition and preclinical resarches on Anthemis wiedemanniana Fisch Mey.: Discovery of a new anti-inflammatory agent(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2014) Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Akkol, Esra Kupeli; Suntar, Ipek; Erdogan, Tugce Fafal; Kivcak, BijenBackground: Anthemis species have been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, hemorrhoid, stomachache and inflammatory diseases in Turkish folk medicine. Anthemis wiedemanniana Fisch. And Mey. is an endemic plant used as painkiller, antispasmodic, sedative and for the treatment of urinary inflammations. Objective: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflamatory activity of the extracts of A. wiedemanniana by using in vivo methods. Materials and Methods: Carrageenan-, PGE 2 - and serotonin-induced hind paw edema, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability models were used for the anti-inflammatory activity assessment. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of A. wiedemanniana was investigated by gas chromatography (GC). Results: n-Hexane, diethyl ether and total sesquiterpene lactone extracts exhibited significant inhibition in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability model. n-Hexane and total sesquiterperne lactone extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity in PGE 2 - and serotonin-induced hind paw edema model. However none of the extracts displayed significant activity in TPA-induced ear edema model in mice. C 4:0 (Buthyric acid), C 20:0 (Arachidic acid) and C 16:1 (Palmitoleik acid) were found to be the major fatty acids in these species. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were found in higher amounts than monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. SFAs were determined as 63.17%, UFAs as 20.89% and PuFAs as 15.95%. Conclusion: This study confirms the traditional usage of A. wiedemanniana for inflammatory diseases.Öğe Fatty Acid Compositions and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Tripleurospermum parviflorum (Wind.) Pobed. and Tripleurospermum tenuifolium (Kit.)(Acg Publications, 2015) Erdogan, Tugce Fafal; Akkol, Esra Kupeli; Suntar, Ipek; Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Kivcak, BijenIn Turkish traditional medicine, Tripleurospermum species have been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential and fatty acid composition of the extracts prepared from Tripleurospermum parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed. and T. tenuifolium (Kit.). Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by using carrageenan-, and serotonin- induced hind paw edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability models. The fatty acid compositions of the plants were investigated by gas chromatography (GC). EtOAc extracts of T. tenuifolium and T. parviflorum exerted notable inhibitory effect in the all in vivo anti-inflammatory activity models tested. Generally, C 16:0 palmitic acid and C 18:2 linoleic acid were found to be the major fatty acids in two species. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were found in higher amounts than monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in two species. SFAs were determinated at 63.15% and 58.68% in T. tenuifolium and T. parviflorum, respectively. The high content of linoleic acid and palmitic acid may be primarily responsible for significant anti-inflammatory activity. The present study confirms the anti-inflammatory activity of T. parviflorum and T. tenuifolium. Further phytochemical and biological activity studies are needed for the determination of the active principle/s and anti-inflammatory activity mechanism.Öğe HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L.: AN OVERVIEW OF THE ANTICANCER POTENCIES OF THE SPECIMENS COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2020) Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Ozturk, Munir; Turkseven, Suleyman Gurdal; Kirmizibayrak, Petek Ballar; Gunal, Selin; Yilmaz, SinemHypericum genus holds an important place in the flora of Turkey with 46 endemic species out of its naturally growing 96 species. H. perforatum is the most popular and common species. This species has been traditionally used in pain control, wound healing and especially as antidepressant. Its anticancer effects have been lately attracting much attention. To investigate and compare the antiproliferative effects of extracts of the samples collected from eleven different "States" of Turkey. the antiproliferative effect of extracts was determined by WST-1 method on HeLa, U2OS, HCC-1937 cancer cells and MRC-5 noncancer fibroblast cells. Furthermore, cell death mechanism of the extracts was analyzed by investigating the cleavage level of caspase-7 and PARP-1, which are hallmarks of apoptosis and also the levels of LC3-II and p62 protein levels as markers of autophagy. Only HP10 (collected from Cankm-Ilgaz) was found to induce apoptosis both using immunoblotting and flow cytometry analysis, while almost all of the extracts cause the induction of autophagy in HeLa cells at their IC50 values. HP10 coded sample was collected from the transition zone between the Black Sea and Central Anatolian Regions, the collection area with highest altitude. According to our results different climatic features effect plant contents as well as their therapeutic effects. Moreover, the amount of compounds that have anticancer activity in the plant undergo a change with altitude.Öğe An Overview of Olive Cultivation in Turkey: Botanical Features, Eco-Physiology and Phytochemical Aspects(Mdpi, 2021) Ozturk, Munir; Altay, Volkan; Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Unal, Bengu Turkyilmaz; Efe, Recep; Akcicek, Eren; Bukhari, AndleebGlobal climate change, especially global warming, is affecting olive production efficiency as well as its product quality. The size and water content of fruit varies depending on the olive fruit yield along with the region, climate, and geographical position as well as agricultural applications. Anthropogenic activities also affect its ecology to a great extent. The plant prefers areas with mild winters and short rainy seasons but is facing long and dry summers, sunny habitats, well drained dry, poor, loamy, clayey-loamy, slightly calcareous, pebbly and nutrient-rich soils, with a pH around 6-8. It is resistant to drought but suffers much from harsh winters and air pollutants, which affect its production. Although the olive plant tolerates temperatures between -7 degrees C to 40 degrees C, the optimum temperature demanded for growth, development, and fruit yield is 15-25 degrees C. The annual precipitation demand lies between 700-850 mm. An important part of the composition of its fruit consists of water and oil or the "liquid gold". Main ingredients are additionally fat-soluble vitamins, minerals, organic sugars, and phenolics. Phenolic substances are responsible for many beneficial health effects as well as the taste and aroma of olive fruit. Oleuropein stands out due to its inhibition of oxidation of low density lipoproteins and its hypoglycemic and cholesterolemic effects. It is also a component that protects the olive tree against various parasites and diseases, one of the reasons why olive is recorded as the "immortal tree". Olive trees are cultivated in different regions of Turkey. A series of changes occur in morphological, physiological, and biochemical features to overcome different types of stress. in this review, information about the botanical aspects, eco-physiology, and pharmaceutical features of the oil, fruit, and leaves has been evaluated.Öğe Wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus: A comparative study(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2012) Akkol, Esra Kupeli; Suntar, Ipek; Erdogan, Tugce Fafal; Keles, Hikmet; Gonenc, Tuba Mert; Kivcak, BijenEthnopharmacological relevance: In Turkish folk medicine Ranunculus species are used for wound healing and for the treatment of rheumatism. The present study was conducted to evaluate in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus. Material and methods: In vivo wound healing activity of the extracts prepared from Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision wound models. Hydroxyproline content of the treated tissues was also assessed. We also studied the anti-inflammatory activity using Whittle method with some modifications. Results: Methanolic extract of Ranunculus pedatus showed significant wound healing effect both in incision (31.4%) and excision (55.74%) wound models. Methanolic extract of both Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity with the inhibition value of 26.2% and 23.3% respectively, at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Hydroxyproline content of the tissues treated with the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Ranunculus pedatus and methanolic extract of Ranunculus constantinapolitanus were found to be significantly higher than that of the other extracts. Conclusion: The experimental data revealed that Ranunculus pedatus showed significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
