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Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line therapy of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following platinum-based chemotherapy: Overall survival (OS) analysis from the global phase III trial LUX-Lung 8 (LL8).
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Soria, Jean-Charles; Felip, Enriqueta; Cobo, Manuel; Lu, Shun; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Li, Wei; Isla, Dolores; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Morabito, Alessandro; Min, Young Joo; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line therapy of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following platinum-based chemotherapy: Overall survival (OS) analysis from the global phase III trial LUX-Lung 8 (LL8).
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Soria, Jean-Charles; Felip, Enriqueta; Cobo, Manuel; Lu, Shun; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Li, Wei; Isla, Dolores; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Morabito, Alessandro; Min, Young Joo; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line therapy of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following platinum-based chemotherapy: Overall survival (OS) analysis from the global phase III trial LUX-Lung 8 (LL8).
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Soria, Jean-Charles; Felip, Enriqueta; Cobo, Manuel; Lu, Shun; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Li, Wei; Isla, Dolores; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Morabito, Alessandro; Min, Young Joo; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line treatment of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) data from the LUX-Lung 8 Phase III global trial.
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Dols, Manuel Cobo; Felip, Enriqueta; Soria, Jean-Charles; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Lu, Shun; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Fulop, Andrea; Goker, Erdem; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Morabito, Alessandro; Coskun, Hasan Senol; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Li, Wei; Popat, Sanjay; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Lungershausen, Juliane; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line treatment of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) data from the LUX-Lung 8 Phase III global trial.
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Dols, Manuel Cobo; Felip, Enriqueta; Soria, Jean-Charles; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Lu, Shun; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Fulop, Andrea; Goker, Erdem; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Morabito, Alessandro; Coskun, Hasan Senol; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Li, Wei; Popat, Sanjay; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Lungershausen, Juliane; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib (A) vs erlotinib (E) as second-line treatment of patients (pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) data from the LUX-Lung 8 Phase III global trial.
(Amer Soc Clinical Oncology, 2015) Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Dols, Manuel Cobo; Felip, Enriqueta; Soria, Jean-Charles; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Lu, Shun; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Fulop, Andrea; Goker, Erdem; Syrigos, Konstantinos N.; Morabito, Alessandro; Coskun, Hasan Senol; Guclu, Salih Zeki; Li, Wei; Popat, Sanjay; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Lungershausen, Juliane; Wang, Bushi; Chand, Vikram K.; Goss, Glenwood D.
Afatinib versus erlotinib as second-line treatment of patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: Final analysis of the randomised phase 3 LUX-Lung 8 trial
(Elsevier, 2021) Goss, Glenwood D.; Cobo, Manuel; Lu, Shun; Syrigos, Konstantinos; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Georgoulias, Vassilis
Background: LUX-Lung 8 was a randomised, controlled, phase 3 study comparing afatinib and erlotinib as sec-ond-line treatment of patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. We report the final overall survival (OS) and safety analyses of LUX-Lung 8 and investigate the characteristics of patients who achieved long-term benefit (>12 months' treatment). Methods: LUX-Lung 8 (NCT01523587) enroled patients between March 2012 and January 2014 and this final analysis had a data cut-off of March 2018. Eligible patients had stage IIIB or IV lung SCC and had progressed after at least four cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive afatinib (40 mg per day) or erlotinib (150 mg per day) until disease progression. Endpoints included OS and safety; a post-hoc analysis of patients with long-term benefit (>12 months on treatment) was also conducted. Findings: 795 eligible patients were randomly assigned (398 to afatinib, 397 to erlotinib). OS was significantly prolonged with afatinib compared with erlotinib (median 7.8 months vs 6.8 months; hazard ratio 0.84; 95% CI 0.73-0.97; p = 0.0193). These findings were consistent with those of the primary analysis and were consistent across subgroups. Adverse events (AEs) were manageable with dose interruption and reduction, with similar AEs being experienced between both groups. Twenty-one (5.3%) patients receiving afatinib and 13 (3.3%) patients receiving erlotinib achieved long-term benefit; median OS was 34.6 months and 20.1 months, respectively. Amongst 132 afatinib-treated patients who underwent tumour genetic analysis, ERBB family mutations were more common in patients with long-term benefit than in the overall population (50% vs 21%). Interpretation: Afatinib is a treatment option for patients with SCC of the lung progressing on chemotherapy who are ineligible for immunotherapy, particularly those with ERBB family genetic aberrations. Afatinib has a predictable and manageable tolerability profile, and long-term treatment may be well tolerated. Funding: Boehringer Ingelheim. (c) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
AIRBORNE MICROFUNGUS FLORA DETERMINED IN THE DIFFERENT UNITS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TULAY AKTAS ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL, EGE UNIVERSITY
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Gunyar, Ozlem Abaci; Haliki-Uztan, Alev; Ates, Mustafa; Yoltas, Aysegul; Goker, Erdem
Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of nosocomial fungal infections.; Especially with the increase in the number of immunosuppressed patients, rare fungal pathogens which were difficult to detect in the past are now frequently isolated. In this study, the level of endogenous airborne fungal concentrations and the types of fungi were determined at Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Tulay Aktas Oncology Hospital. For this purpose, air samples were collected at 34 different locations monthly during six months with the Merck MAS 100 air sampler. As a result, a total of 5590 fungal colonies in 204 petri dishes were counted. Thirty-two fungal species belonging to 10 genera were identified. The most prevalent genera were the common moulds; Aspergillus (3.91 +/- 1.01), Penicillium (16.08 +/- 3.10), Cladosporium (40.82 +/- 4.15) and Alternaria (7.51 +/- 1.82). The results revealed that the most common genus was Cladosporium. Fungal concentration levels in different parts of the stem cell transplantation department ranged from 0 to 340 cfu/m(3). In other units of the hospital, fungal load was found to be between 0 and 45600 cfu/m3. When the fungal density of the stem cell transplantation department and that of the other units were compared, fungal density of the stem cell transplantation department was found to be significantly lower (p = 0.000 <0.05). The highest values in our study were determined during the 5th month of this study, because natural gas pipelines were installed around the hospital in this month. In this study, we aimed to emphasize the importance of monitoring the presence of airborne fungal flora, particularly Aspergillus spp, in the departments of a hospital where patients of high-risk groups are hospitalized.
Algorithms for scheduling of chemotherapy plans
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2013) Sevinc, Suleyman; Sanli, Ulus Ali; Goker, Erdem
Chemotherapy is used to control and cure cancer by using drugs to destroy cancer cells. Treatment schedules for chemotherapy may vary depending on the type of cancer, the goals of treatment, the type of chemotherapy and the patient's state of health. Chemotherapy is usually given in cycles of a treatment-period followed by a rest-period. An oncologist decides the choice of a particular regimen; however, modifications to drug dose and schedule are often necessary because of variabilities in the health of an individual patient. Therefore an orderly execution of chemotherapy regimens requires management, scheduling and allocation of the resources available. Chemotherapy scheduling is an optimization problem. In this paper, a two-phase approach has been adopted to deal with the problem. An adaptive negative-feedback scheduling algorithm is proposed for the first phase to control the load on the system. Two heuristics based on the 'Multiple Knapsack Problem' have been evaluated for the second phase to assign patients to specific infusion seats. The overall design has been put to test at a local chemotherapy center and has yielded good results for patient waiting times, orderly execution of chemotherapy regimen and utilization of infusion chairs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Anticancer effects of imidazole nucleus in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines via the inhibition of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways
(Springer, 2022) Kahraman, Erkan; Goker, Erdem
Background Imidazole nucleus has been used efficiently in the development of many drug molecules due to its therapeutic effects. Many derivatives of it have been produced particularly for use in cancer treatment. However, the anti-cancer effects of imidazole nucleus in liver cancer cells are as yet unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of imidazole nucleus in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. Methods and results Anti-cancer effect of imidazole nucleus was investigated using cell viability assay, apoptosis analysis, cell migration analysis, cell morphology analysis, colony formation assay and 3D cell culture techniques in HuH-7 and Mahlavu cell lines. Also, effect of imidazole on AKT and ERK1/2 pathways were determined using by western blot analysis. Imidazole decreased cell viability in both HCC cell lines in a dose and time-dependent manner and also suppressed the colony forming ability of the cells (p < 0.05). Imidazole increased the cleaved caspase 3 protein levels and thus induced apoptosis (p < 0.05). Imidazole induced morphological alterations and autophagy by increasing intracellular vacuolization. Also, imidazole decreased the viability and dimensions of HCC cell tumor spheroids produced in 3D cell cultures (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was observed that all of these effects, are defined above, appeared in parallel with suppression of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways by imidazole nucleus. Conclusions The findings of this present study established the anti-cancer effects of imidazole nucleus in HCC cell lines and showed that it could be a potential molecule in the treatment of HCC via inhibition of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
Antifungal imidazole: Potential new antineoplastic agent-cytotoxic effects on non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (A549).
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2021) Kahraman, Erkan; Goker, Erdem
[No Abstract Available]
Association of ERBB Mutations With Clinical Outcomes of Afatinib- or Erlotinib-Treated Patients With Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Secondary Analysis of the LUX-Lung 8 Randomized Clinical Trial
(Amer Medical Assoc, 2018) Goss, Glenwood D.; Felip, Enriqueta; Cobo, Manuel; Lu, Shun; Syrigos, Konstantinos; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Li, Wei; Guclu, Salih; Isla, Dolores; Min, Young Joo; Morabito, Alessandro; Ardizzoni, Andrea; Gadgeel, Shirish M.; Fueloep, Andrea; Buehnemann, Claudia; Gibson, Neil; Kraemer, Nicole; Solca, Flavio; Cseh, Agnieszka; Ehrnrooth, Eva; Soria, Jean-Charles
IMPORTANCE Treatment choice for lung squamous cell carcinoma could be aided by identifying predictive biomarkers. OBJECTIVE To assess whether patient outcomes in the LUX-Lung 8 trial were associated with ERBB gene family member aberrations in tumor specimens. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Ad hoc secondary analysis of the LUX-Lung 8 trial conducted at 183 centers in 23 countries from March 30, 2012, to January 30, 2014. Eligible patients had stage IIIB or IV lung squamous cell carcinoma with progressive disease after 4 or more cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Tumor genetic analysis (TGA) was performed using next-generation sequencing in a cohort enriched for patients with progression-free survival (PFS) of more than 2 months. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a separate cohort of patients from the LUX-Lung 8 population. Associations of PFS and overall survival (OS) with ERBB gene alterations and EGFR expression levels were assessed. This analysis was conducted from February 26, 2015, to June 12, 2017. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized 1:1 to treatment with afatinib dimaleate (40mg/d; n = 398) or erlotinib hydrochloride (150mg/d; n = 397). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Overall survival, PFS, pooled and individual ERBB gene mutations, ERBB copy number alterations, and EGFR expression. RESULTS Tumor specimens from 245 patients were eligible for next-generation sequencing (TGA subset: 132 patients treated with afatinib; 113 patients treated with erlotinib). In this population, outcomes were improved with afatinib vs erlotinib treatment (PFS: median, 3.5 vs 2.5 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92; P = .01; OS: median, 8.4 vs 6.6 months; HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.62-1.05; P = .12). Of 245 patients in the TGA subset, 53 (21.6%) had tumors with 1 or more ERBB mutations. Among afatinib-treated patients, PFS (median, 4.9 vs 3.0 months; HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.37-1.02; P = .06) and OS (median, 10.6 vs 8.1 months; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.47-1.17; P = .21) were longer among those with ERBB mutation-positive disease than among those without. The presence of HER2 mutations was associated with favorable PFS and OS following afatinib vs erlotinib treatment. There was no apparent association between copy number alteration or EGFR expression level and outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Next-generation sequencingmay help identify patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma who would derive additional benefit from treatment with afatinib. The role of ERBB mutations, particularly HER2 mutations, as predictive biomarkers for afatinib treatment in this setting warrants further evaluation.
Boric acid exert anti-cancer effect in poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of AKT signaling pathway
(Elsevier Gmbh, 2022) Kahraman, Erkan; Goker, Erdem
Background: The possible anti-cancer properties of boron, a trace element for humans, have been demonstrated in various experimental and epidemiological studies, although the effects of boron on liver cancer are unclear. In the present study we evaluate the effects of boric acid on the cell lines of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of the liver, as the leading form of liver cancer, for which a poorly-differentiated HCC cell line (Mahlavu cell line) was used. Methods: The anti-cancer effect of boric acid was investigated with a cell viability assay, apoptosis analysis, cell migration analysis, cell morphology analysis, colony formation assay and 3D cell culture techniques. Also, the effect of boric acid on the AKT signaling pathway was determined through a western blot analysis. Results: Boric acid was found to reduce cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and decreased survival, colony formation ability, migration capability and HCC cell tumor spheroid growth in HCC cell lines, while also inducing apoptosis, autophagy and morphological alteration. Furthermore, boric acid inhibited AKT phosphorylation, and anticancer biological responses in HCC cells were observed only in cells in which AKT phosphorylation was suppressed by boric acid. Conclusion: Our results suggest that boric acid might be a promising therapeutic candidate in hepatocellular carcinoma via the inhibition of AKT signaling pathway.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) Chitosan capped ZnO nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and its potential for the treatment of prostate cancer
(Elsevier, 2024) Ince, Iskender; Yildirim, Yeliz; Goker, Erdem; Guler, Gunnur; Saltan, Fehmi; Acar, Riza; Gumustas, Baris
The synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles/chitosan (ZnONPs/CS) formulation loaded with Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was performed to evaluate its prostate cancer treatment efficiency within the scope of this research. It has been hypothesized that a dual active materials delivery system containing ZnO and CAPE loaded Chitosan (CS) nanoparticles has better bioavailability compared to single one against to cancer cells. ZnONPs were synthesized between 45 and 60 nm particle sizes and then they were capped with CS biodegradable polymer prior to load with CAPE bioactive molecule. ZnONPs/CS-CAPE system was characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) for structural elucidation, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for particle size determination, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system for determination of CAPE amount. 131 I CAPE and 131 I ZnONPs/CS-CAPE labeled by the Iodogen method with 131 I were used in -vitro cell culture experiments. Cell viabilities (%) of CAPE and ZnONPs/CS-CAPE were examined using Cell Counting Kit -8 assay on PC -3 (human adenocarcinoma prostate), LnCaP (human carcinoma prostate), and RWPE-1 (human normal prostate). IC 50 values of ZnONPs /CS -CAPE on all cells were found 2 -fold lower than neat CAPE. Based on the FTIR data, the most significant spectral changes (lipid, protein, nucleic acids, glycogen) were monitored for the PC -3 and LnCaP cancer cells incubated with ZnONPs/CS-CAPE samples while being exposed to neat CAPE molecules caused small cellular changes when compared to RWPE-1 healthy cell lines.
Complete Response after Chemotherapy in Metastatic Involvement of the Orbita in Breast Cancer
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc, 2009) Makay, Ozer; Gurcu, Baris; Sanli, Ulus Ali; Zekioglu, Osman; Oktay, Aysenur; Goker, Erdem; Kapkac, Murat
Complete Response after Chemotherapy in Metastatic Involvement of the Orbita in Breast Cancer
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc, 2009) Makay, Ozer; Gurcu, Baris; Sanli, Ulus Ali; Zekioglu, Osman; Oktay, Aysenur; Goker, Erdem; Kapkac, Murat
Docetaxel plus platinum combination regimen in locally advanced or metastatic head and neck cancer
(Oxford Univ Press, 2006) Kucukzeybek, Yuksel; Gorumlu, Gurbuz; Karabulut, Bulent; Uslu, Ruchan; Sanli, Ulus A.; Goker, Erdem
Efficacy of lower dose capecitabine in patients with metastatic breast cancer and factors influencing therapeutic response and outcome
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007) Sezgin, Canfeza; Kurt, Ender; Evrensel, Turkan; Ozdemir, Necmettin; Manavoglu, Osman; Goker, Erdem
Objective: Capecitabine exerts considerable therapeutic efficacy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients previously treated with anthracyclines and taxanes. Materials and Methods: In this study, the efficacy and safety of lower dose capecitabine (2000 Mg/m(2)/d) in patients with anthra-cycline- and taxane-pretreated MBC were studied with a special emphasis on the potential predictors of time to tumor progression (TTP) and response to the capecitabine treatment. Results: The overall response rate (ORR) was 17%. The median TTP was 5 months. Among various factors analyzed, univariate analysis showed that a performance status (PS) of 2 and the presence of visceral metastases were inversely correlated with TTP. Multivariate analysis showed that a poor PS score was associated with impaired TTP. Conclusions: Our study indicates that lower dose capecitabine has substantial antitumor activity and a favorable safety profile in the treatment of anthracycline- and taxane-pretreated MBC. Also, only performance score was demonstrated to be a significant parameter affecting TTP.
Evaluation of the VeriStrat (R) serum protein test in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung treated with second-line afatinib or erlotinib in the phase III LUX-Lung 8 study
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2017) Gadgeel, Shirish; Goss, Glenwood; Soria, Jean-Charles; Felip, Enriqueta; Georgoulias, Vassilis; Lu, Shun; Cobo, Manuel; Syrigos, Konstantinos; Lee, Ki Hyeong; Goker, Erdem; Guclu, Salih Z.; Isla, Dolores; Morabito, Alessandro; Dupuis, Nicholas; Buehnemann, Claudia; Kraemer, Nicole; Solca, Flavio; Ehrnrooth, Eva; Ardizzoni, Andrea
Objectives: Identification of biomarkers associated with clinical benefit may be crucial in establishing optimal treatment choice for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung after first-line chemotherapy. In this study, the ability of the VeriStrat serum protein test to predict differential clinical benefit with afatinib versus erlotinib, and the association of VeriStrat status with clinical outcomes irrespective of EGFR-TKI used, was assessed in a retrospective analysis of the phase III LUX-Lung 8 trial. Materials and methods: Pretreatment plasma samples were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Spectra were evaluated to assign a VeriStrat 'Good' (VS-G) or VeriStrat 'Poor' (VS-P) classification. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, and other endpoints were assessed with respect to pretreatment VeriStrat status; OS was the primary efficacy variable. Results: Of 795 patients randomized in LUX-Lung 8, 675 were classified (VS-G: 412; VS-P: 263). In the VS-G group, OS was significantly longer with afatinib versus erlotinib (HR 0.79 [95% CI: 0.63-0.98]). In the VS -P group, there was no significant difference in OS between afatinib and erlotinib (HR 0.90 [0.70-1.16]). However, there was no interaction between VeriStrat classification and treatment group for OS la interaction = 0.5303). OS was significantly longer in VS-G versus VS -P patients, both in the overall VeriStrat-classified population (HR 0.41 [0.35-0.49]) and afatinib-treated patients (HR 0.40 [0.31-0.51]). Multivariate analysis showed that VeriStrat was an independent predictor of OS in afatinib-treated patients, regardless of ECOG PS or best response to first line chemotherapy. Outcomes with other efficacy endpoints were similar. Conclusion: VS-G classification is strongly associated with favorable survival outcomes with either afatinib or erlotinib compared with VS-P classification. In VS-G patients, survival outcomes with afatinib are superior to those with erlotinib. VeriStrat classification may guide treatment decisions in patients with SCC of the lung.
Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy of Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors in Rare Single EGFR Exon 21 L861Q Mutation: Single Center Experience
(Aves, 2022) Gursoy, Pinar; Cakar, Burcu; On, Sercan; Goker, Erdem; Nart, Deniz
OBJECTIVE: Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations are the second most common oncogenic driver event in non-small cell lung cancer. We aimed to compare the first generation erlotinib treatment with the second generation afatinib treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 21 L861Q mutation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Progression-free survival and overall survival of 30 non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with erlotinib or afatinib due to single epidermal growth factor receptor L861Q positivity were compared retrospectively. The number of patients included in the first, second, and third treatment line was 15 (50.0%), 11 (36.7%), and 4 (13.3%), respectively. RESULTS: There were 23 patients in the erlotinib arm and 7 patients in the afatinib arm. Median progression-free survival was 12.8 months in the erlotinib group and 9.3 months in the afatinib group. Median overall survival in erlotinib and afatinib groups was 77.9 months and 30.3 months, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the comparison of these survival times. CONCLUSION: Survival times of erlotinib and afatinib treatment are similar in patients with a single epidermal growth factor receptor L861Q mutation. In patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment, the female gender has a positive effect on progression-free survival, and being a non-smoker has a positive effect on overall survival. In patients with rare mutation exon 21 L861Q positivity, both first-generation and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors should be considered.

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