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    Clinical evaluation of metastases of malignant melanoma imaging with99Tcm-glutathione and99Tcm-anti-melanoma antibody: A comparative study
    (1995) Duman Y.; Burak Z.; Ercan M.T.; Dirlik A.; Bilkay B.; Akin Y.; Taner M.; Bekdik C.F.
    The aim of this investigation was to test for the scintigraphic detection of metastases of malignant melanoma with a new radiopharmaceutical,99Tcm-glutathione (99Tcm-GSH), in comparison with99Tcm- anti-melanoma antibody (99Tcm-AMAb). Glutathione was labelled with99Tcmby a Sn2+reduction method with an efficiency of > 99% as determined by instant thin layer chromatography (ITLC). Anti-melanoma antibody was obtained as a kit from SORIN (Italy) and labelled with99TcmO4. Forty-three patients with a total of 55 biopsy-proven metastatic melanoma foci, 1 ocular melanoma and 20 benign pathologic foci, also confirmed by ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, were included in the study after giving their informed consent. Following the intravenous (i.v.) injection of 500 MBq99Tcm-AMAb, scintigraphic images of the involved areas were obtained 6 h post-injection. Three days later, the same patients were given 500 MBq99Tcm-GSH i.v. and images were obtained 6 and 24 h post-injection. The images were classified as positive (focal abnormal accumulation) or negative. Quantitative evaluation was also applied. Regions of interest were drawn over the involved areas and nearby soft tissues and the target-to- nontarget (T/NT) ratios obtained with99Tcm-AMAb (T/NT: 1.92 ± 0.2) and99Tcm-GSH (T/NT: 1.84 ± 0.2) were compared (0.1 < P < 0.3). The sensitivity (and specificity) of99Tcm-AMAb and99Tcm-GSH in the detection of malignant melanoma metastases were 91% (95%) and 84% (90%), respectively. Compared with99Tcm-AMAb, the advantages of99Tcm-GSH are lower levels of blood radioactivity, lower costs and easy in-house preparation. In conclusion, our results show that99Tcm-GSH is a potentially useful radio-pharmaceutical for the detection of metastases of malignant melanoma. © 1995 Chapman and Hall Ltd.
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    The Release of Isoconazole Nitrate from Different Suppository Bases: In-vivo Release of Drug Labelled with 99mTc in Rabbits
    (1995) Asikoglu M.; Ertan G.; Ercan M.T.; Duman Y.
    The influence of the suppository bases on the in-vivo release of 99mTc-labelled isoconazole nitrate was investigated. The single-dose vaginal suppository formulations for local treatment of vaginitis were prepared by a fusion method using polyethylene glycols, Witepsol H15, Novata BD and Cremao. Prepared vaginal suppositories containing solid-labelled substance were applied to the vagina of rabbits and at 0, 2 and 24 h after administration, the amounts of radioactivity in the vagina were detected by the SPECT Gamma Camera and the release rates of the drug were calculated. The percent released was found to be in the following order; polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 > PEG 4000 > Witepsol > PEG 1500 > Novata BD > Cremao. The results obtained in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies indicated that the vaginal suppository of isoconazole nitrate prepared with polyethylene glycols could confidently be used in therapy. 1995 Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain