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    DEVELOPMENT OF FRESH MARKET TOMATO LINES WITH SUPERIOR QUALITY ATTRIBUTES
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Simsek, Duran; Duzyaman, Eftal; Sen, Fatih
    As a common practice in vegetables, breeding programs designed to develop F1 hybrids mostly focused on yield and disease and pest resistance in tomatoes. However, breeding programs are prioritizing fruit quality attributes to satisfy consumers in. To stay competitive in ever changing markets, seed companies take fruit quality criteria into consideration as yield increase leveling off for hybrid tomato. Therefore, the study was designed to develop new tomato lines with superior fruit quality. Advanced tomato lines resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), root-knot nematods (Mi), Verticilium dahlie (Va), Fusarium oxysporum (F. radici Frl. and F. lycoperci I-1, I-2, I-3) and powdery mildew (o1-1, o1-2) were used as the plant materials. the 102 tomato genotypes suitable for autumn-spring cultivation were assessed for fruit quality parameters replicated in time and space in greenhouse trials. the 33 of advanced tomato lines exhibited relatively superior quality attributes for one or more traits measured. Based on parental line results, compatible lines for fruit quality were crossed, resulting with 12 hybrids with commercial level competitive advantage. Four of the 12 hybrids that combined fruit quality with yield and disease resistance were especially found to be highly cornpletive in fresh market tomato market.
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    The effectiveness of growth cycles on improving fruit quality for grafted watermelon combinations
    (Soc Brasileira Ciencia Tecnologia Alimentos, 2018) Alan, Ozlem; Sen, Fatih; Duzyaman, Eftal
    Two growth cycles per year, i.e., for early growing season (EGS) and late growing season (LGS) production, both of which are widely preferred in temperate climates, have been investigated for their effects on fruit quality attributes such as appearance; firmness; the content of total soluble solids, sugars, and total phenol; and antioxidant activity. Two watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivars (cv. 'Anthem F-1' and cv. 'Crimstar F-1') were used as scion. Two C. maxima x C. moschata hybrids (cv. 'Shintoza F90' cv. 'Obez') and one Lagenaria siceraria rootstock cv. 'Macis' were used as rootstock. Self-rooted and self-grafted plants were used as controls. EGS resulted in a reduction of fruit shape index, rind thickness, juice pH, hue values, and glucose content as compared to LGS for both the cultivars. On the other hand, total soluble solids of cv. 'Crimstar', fructose of cv. 'Anthem', and the antioxidant activity of cv. 'Anthem' increased. The total phenol content was unaffected by the scion/rootstock combinations or growth seasons for both the cultivars. Most of the fruit quality attributes increased when a specific rootstock/scion combination and growth season was used and these combinations may change in relation to cultivar. It is important to evaluate and select suitable scion/rootstocks for each growth condition created by ecology and growth cycle to guarantee high fruit quality.
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    Genetic and phenotypic variation of Turkish Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) accessions and their possible relationship with American, Indian and African germplasms
    (Springer India, 2016) Yildiz, Mehtap; Ekbic, Ercan; Duzyaman, Eftal; Serce, Sedat; Abak, Kazim
    Okra is an important vegetable crop that provides a significant portion of vitamins and minerals for populations in several countries. Okra has been cultivated in Turkey for centuries, and was likely introduced by the Arabs from Africa in ancient times. In this study, we aimed to clarify the genetic variation within 35 Turkish okra germplasm, by comparing it against 25 different genotypes from India, Africa, and the United States, using 30 morphological characters and 19 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) primer combinations. Fruit, leaf, and stem color were the primary characteristics to distinguish the okra accessions. Those features, among 30 individual phenotypic traits, explained 42 % of phenotypic variation in the first three axes of the principal component analysis (PCA) with leaf shape, flower size, cotyledon length, fruit-surface angularity, cotyledon width, and petal color. Phenotypic observation results showed that while 1051 Togo (10.76), Red Wonder (7.99), TR-05-1 (7.2), 1159 Togo (7.17), and Red Balady (7.15) were found to be more divergent accessions, Cajun Queen (5.06), Perkins Spineless (5.09), Jade (5.18), TR-01-1 (5.2), and DLGG (5.32) were the closest okra accessions. According to phenotypic data, Turkish okra accessions were located adjacent to the Indian, American, and African okra accessions in clusters three and four. However, marker data showed that African okra possessed a more distinct form compared to the other okra germplasms. Nineteen SRAP primer combinations produced 92 bands and 29 (31.5 %) of them were found to be polymorphic among okra accessions. 1051 Togo was found to be the most divergent accession in phenotypic observation.
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    HOW GROWING CYCLES AFFECT PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD OF GRAFTED WATERMELON COMBINATIONS
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Alan, Ozlem; Duzyaman, Eftal; Sen, Fatih
    Grafting is an alternative approach to reduce crop damage resulting from soil-borne pathogens and increase plant abiotic stress tolerance, which in turn increases crop production. There is usually consensus among researchers that grafting watermelons improve most of the vegetative growth and yield characteristics. On the other hand, there are still some differences in the literature as to the effects of grafting on some growth characteristics such as flowering and fruit ripening date. Two growing cycles per year, i.e. for early growing season (EGS) and late growing season (LGS) production, both of which are widely preferred in temperate climates have been investigated for their effects on plant growth and yield parameters such as main stem length, shoot dry weight, root length, number of days male and female flower formation, fruit ripening date and yield attributes. Two watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai) cultivars (cv. 'Anthem F-1' and cv. 'Crimstar F-1') were used as the scion. Two C. maxima x C. moschata hybrids (cv. 'Shintoza F90' cv. 'Obez'), and one Lagenaria siceraria rootstock cv. 'Macis' were used as rootstocks. Self-rooted and self-grafted plants were used as control. EGS resulted in a reduction of main stem length, number of lateral stems, number of leaves, shoot dry weight and root length. On the other hand, number of days first male and female flower formation and number of days first ripe fruit increased comparing to LGS in both cultivars. However, some interactions between the growing season and the used cultivar also seem to exist. EGS reduced root dry weight of cv. 'Crimstar' but increased fruit number and fruit yield per plant of cv. 'Anthem'. Some of the plant growth and yield attributes increased when a specific rootstock-scion combination and growing cycle used. Neither the vigorous hybrids of C. maxima x C. moschata (represented by 'Shintoza' and 'Obez') nor Lagenaria siceraria represented by 'Macis' could be categorized as having constantly superior plant growth and yield traits for at least one of the cultivars in at least one of the field trials. It is important to evaluate and select suitable rootstock scion for each growing condition created by ecology and growing cycle, to guaranty high vegetative growth and yield.