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    Investigation of heavy metal content of Turkish tobacco leaves, cigarette butt, ash, and smoke
    (Springer, 2013) Pelit, Fusun Okcu; Demirdogen, Ruken Esra; Henden, Emur
    A procedure for the determination of cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc in Turkish tobaccos, which were of different origins, years, and grades, and in the butt, ash, and smoke, which were obtained by smoking the cigarettes that were prepared manually from the said tobaccos in a smoking apparatus, was devised as proposed. The collected samples were digested by wet ashing technique by using HNO3-HClO4 and were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory recoveries (94 % to 98 %). The regression coefficients were above 0.99, and the detection limits were in the range of 0.03-0.12 mg/L-1. The performance and accuracy of the method was tested by analyzing "Certified Reference Material GBW 08501-Peach Leaves." The determined values were in agreement with the standard values for the heavy metals analyzed. Thus, it was concluded that the developed method could offer a wide range of application for establishing a relationship between the makeup and composition of tobacco plant, products, ash, smoke, and smoking.
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    Investigation of in vitro biological activities of hollow mesoporous carbon nanoparticles bearing D-NMAPPD on human lung adenocarcinoma cells
    (Elsevier, 2022) Ugur, Naz; Harputlu, Ersan; Sezer, Canan Vejselova; Demirdogen, Ruken Esra; Ince, Mine; Unlu, C. Gokhan; Yurt, Fatma
    The uniformly dispersed hollow mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (HMCNPs) were successfully synthesized by hard-template methods, and D-NMAPPD (B13) was successfully loaded onto the nanoparticle surface for the first time. Structural properties of bare and B13 loaded HMCNPs (HMCNs-B-13) were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TG). The amount of drug released was determined via in vitro drug release studies at 37 degrees C in SBF through UV-Vis spectrometric and thermal analyses. TG data revealed that the proportion of loaded B-13 was 33.60%. Their ability to induce apoptosis in cultures of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was investigated, and the inhibitory effect of HMCNPs-B-13 on lung cancer cell proliferation was determined in vitro. The IC50 values determined after application periods of 24 and 48 h were found to be 16.13 mu g/mL and 12.96 mu g/mL, respectively. The role of HMCNPs-B-13 on the morphology and ultrastructure of A549 cells was also investigated by confocal microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies.