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    Alternative natural deliming agents
    (International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IULTCS), 2011) Bayramoglu E.E.; Bayram S.E.
    This study elucidates whether the herbal extracts can be used instead of various chemical substances used in the process of deliming. To that end, the extracts of christ's thorn seed (Paliurus spinachristi), red radish (Raphanus sativus var. radicula) and black radish (Raphanus sativus var. niger) were employed in the deliming process. Calcium content of the leathers has been identified with Perkin Elmer Optima 2100 DV ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry). As a result of the controls carried out, it was concluded that red radish and especially black radish extract have a considerable deliming effect. SEM images of the grain surface are also shown in this paper.
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    Comparison of nutrient uptake by strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa duch.) varieties according to phenological stages
    (Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2021) Bayram S.E.; Elmacı Ö.L.
    The purpose of this study was to determine the amounts of nutrient elements taken up from the soil to the roots, stems and leaves, in five different growing periods and to the fruits in the harvesting period, in two different strawberry cultivars. For this purpose, ten plantations were selected for each cultivar. The roots, stems and leaves were separated and the amounts of nutrient elements taken up by each part was determined according to the development period. In this study, which was conducted over two years, the physico-chemical characteristics of the soils of the plantations from which the samples taken were determined. In both cultivars, the largest amounts of the macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium and of the micronu-trient manganese were taken up at all phenological stages by the leaves, followed by the roots and stems. The amounts of potassium that taken up were as follows in the order of most to least: at the beginning and in the harvest period, leaves, stems and roots; in other periods, leaves, roots and stems. For the nutrient elements iron, copper and zinc, this comparison showed variation between parts of the plants according to year, variety and period. In general, statistically significant correlations were found between the nutrient elements taken up at different periods by different parts of the plant of different varieties in both years. Significant differences were shown among the years in the amounts of N, P, K, Ca and Mg taken up by the fruits of the Camarosa variety, and of Fe only by the Festival variety. © Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie.