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Öğe 33 Questions about Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Effects: Expert Answers(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2017) Cetinkalp, Sevki; Koylan, Nevrez; Ozer, Necla; Onat, Altan; Ozgen, A. Gokhan; Koldas, Z. Lale; Guven, Gulay Sain; Ozdogan, Oner; Karsidag, Kubilay; Yigit, Zerrin; Kayikcioglu, Meral; Tokgozoglu, Lale; Can, Levent H.; Tartan, Zeynep; Kultursay, Hakan; Karpuz, Baris; Kirilmaz, Bahadir; Ersanli, Murat; Ural, Dilek; Erbakan, Ayse Naciye; Oguz, Aytekin; Kayikcioglu, Ozcan R.; Temizhan, Ahmet; Sansoy, Vedat; Ceyhan, Ceyhun; Ongen, Zeki; Bayram, Fahri; Orem, Cihan; Sonmez, Alper; Beyaz, Sengul; Ukinc, Kubilay; Yurekli, Banu Sarer; Coker, Mahmut; Canda, Ebru; Simsir, Ilgin YildirimÖğe A Cross-Sectional Study of Overtreatment and Deintensification of Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Medications in Diabetes Mellitus: the TEMD Overtreatment Study(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Sonmez, Alper; Tasci, Ilker; Demirci, Ibrahim; Haymana, Cem; Barcin, Cem; Aydin, Hasan; Bayram, FahriIntroduction Targeting better glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) goals may endanger older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overtreatment of T2DM and hypertension is a trending issue, although undertreatment is still common. We investigated the rates and predictors of overtreatment and undertreatment of glycemia and BP in older adults with T2DM and physicians' attitudes to deintensify or intensify treatment. Methods Data from older adults (>= 65 years) enrolled in a large nationwide T2DM survey in 2017 across Turkey were analyzed. Overtreatment of glycemia was defined as HbA1c < 6.5% plus the use of >= 2 oral antihyperglycemics or insulin, and BP overtreatment was defined as systolic BP (SBP) < 120 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) < 65 mmHg plus the use of >= 2 drugs. Undertreatment of glycemia was defined as HbA1c > 9%, and BP undertreatment was defined as SBP > 150 mmHg or DBP > 90 mmHg. Deintensification or intensification rates were calculated according to treatment modification initiated by the treating physician(s). Results the rate of overtreatment in the glycemia group (n = 1264) was 9.8% (n = 124) and that in the BP group (n = 1052) was 7.3% (n = 77), whereas the rate of undertreatment was 14.2% (n = 180) and 15.2% (n = 160), respectively. in the adjusted model, use of oral secretagogues (sulfonylureas or glinides) (odds ratio [OR] 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-3.1) and follow-up at a private clinic (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.0-3.3) were predictors of glycemia overtreatment. BP overtreatment was independently associated with the use insulin-based diabetes therapies (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.14-3.04). There was no independent association of BP undertreatment to the study confounders. the deintensification and intensification rates were 25 and 75.6%, respectively, for glycemia and 10.9 and 9.2%, respectively, for BP. Conclusions the results show that one in ten older adults with T2DM are overtreated while one in four require modification of their current antihyperglycemic and antihypertensive treatments. Physicians are eager to intensify medications while they largely ignore deintensification in diabetes management. These results warrant enforced measures to improve the care of older adults with T2DM. Plain Language Summary Plain language summary is available for this article.Öğe Data on prevalence of dyslipidemia and lipid values in Turkey: Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on cardiovascular risk factors(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2018) Kayikcioglu, Meral; Tokgozoglu, Lale; Kilickap, Mustafa; Goksuluk, Huseyin; Karaaslan, Doruk; Ozer, Necla; Abaci, Adnan; Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan; Barcin, Cem; Ates, Kenan; Bayram, Fahri; Sahin, Mahmut; Ural, DilekObjective: Dyslipidemias, primarily hypercholesterolemia, are independent and strong predictors of cardiovascular (CV) events. The frequency of dyslipidemia is very important in terms of determining CV prevention policies. In order to determine the up-to-date frequency of CV risk factors in Turkey, a meta-analysis of the epidemiologic studies carried out in the last 15 years was performed. This article presents the results on the dyslipidemia data including hypercholesterolemia principally. Methods: Epidemiological studies conducted during the last 15 years and having the potential to represent the general population in Turkey were searched in databases (Ovid Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Turkish Academic Network and Information Center [ULAKBIM]) and web pages (Ministry of Health, Turkey Statistical Institute, Turkish Society of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology Associations). A total of 7 studies including lipid data were found. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies with low bias score were performed. Crude values of the prevalence of hypercholeterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL and mean lipid levels were calculated. Random effects model was used in meta-analysis. Results: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia defined as a LDL-cholesterol > 130 and/or >= 130 mg/dL, was 29.1% (95% CI 23.6-35.0) in the general population, 30.2% in females (%95 CI 24.7-36.1), and 27.8% in males (95% CI 22.3-33.6). The prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol (<= 50 mg/dL for females and <= 40 mg/dL for males) was calculated as 46.1% (95% CI 42.4-49.9) in the whole group, 50.7% (95% CI 47.7-53.6) in females and 41.1% (95% CI 36.1-46.3) in males. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia (> 150 mg/dL) was 36.5% (95% CI 30.6-42.5) in general, 32.0% (95% GA 26.6-37.8) in females and 41.3% (95% CI 34.9-47.8) in males. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia constitutes a major public health problem in Turkey. In the adult population, almost 3 of 10 have hypercholesterolemia, one of 2 has a low HDL-cholesterol, and 1 of 3 has high triglycerides levels.Öğe Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: recommendations of Turkish multidisciplinary neuroendocrine tumor study group on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2017) Yalcin, Suayib; Bayram, Fahri; Erdamar, Sibel; Kucuk, Oztem; Oruc, Nevin; Coker, AhmetGastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) are a relatively rare, heterogeneous group of diseases in which important advances have been observed in the diagnosis and treatment as well as in our understanding of the biology and genetics of the disease in recent years. Given the insufficient scientific data available on evidence-based management of GEPNETs and the differences in circumstances in individual countries, a multidisciplinary study group was established to provide guidelines for the management of GEPNETS. This study group consisted of a medical oncologist, endocrinologist, surgeon, pathologist, gastroenterologist, and a nuclear medicine specialist, who aimed to prepare a practical guide in the light of existing scientific data and international guidelines, to be used in common clinical practice.Öğe Management of endocrine surgical disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: expert opinion for non-surgical options(Springer-Verlag Italia Srl, 2022) Agcaoglu, Orhan; Sezer, Atakan; Makay, Ozer; Erdogan, Murat Faik; Bayram, Fahri; Guldiken, Sibel; Raffaelli, MarcoPurpose The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented conditions for overall health care systems by restricting resources for non-COVID-19 patients. As the burden of the disease escalates, routine elective surgeries are being cancelled. The aim of this paper was to provide a guideline for management of endocrine surgical disorders during a pandemic. Methods We used Delphi method with a nine-scale Likert scale on two rounds of voting involving 64 experienced eminent surgeons and endocrinologists who had the necessary experience to provide insight on endocrine disorder management. All voting was done by email using a standard questionnaire. Results Overall, 37 recommendations were voted on. In two rounds, all recommendations reached an agreement and were either endorsed or rejected. Endorsed statements include dietary change in primary hyperparathyroidism, Cinacalcet treatment in secondary hyperparathyroidism, alpha-blocker administration for pheochromocytoma, methimazole +/- beta-blocker combination for Graves' disease, and follow-up for fine-needle aspiration results of thyroid nodules indicated as Bethesda 3-4 cytological results and papillary microcarcinoma. Conclusion This survey summarizes expert opinion for the management of endocrine surgical conditions during unprecedented times when access to surgical treatment is severely disrupted. The statements are not applicable in circumstances in which surgical treatment is possible.Öğe Temporal changes in the epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in Turkey: A systematic review and meta-analysis(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2018) Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan; Kilickap, Mustafa; Abaci, Adnan; Barcin, Cem; Bayram, Fahri; Karaaslan, Doruk; Goksuluk, Huseyin; Kayikcioglu, Meral; Ozer, Necla; Suleymanlar, Gultekin; Sahin, Mahmut; Tokgozoglu, Lale; Satman, IlhanObjective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious public health problem. Despite various epidemiological studies reporting prevalence of DM in Turkey, there is no meta-analysis or systematic review evaluating these studies as a whole and assessing temporal changes in the prevalence of DM. In this meta-analysis, the studies that have been conducted in the last 15 years and which provide information on the prevalence of DM in our country are examined. Methods: Epidemiological studies on cardiovascular risk factors in adult Turkish population that had been conducted within the last 15 years and having the capacity of either representating or potentially representing the country, were searched through Ovid, Medline and Web of Science Core Collection the Turkish Academic Network and Information Center (ULAKBIM) databases. Additionally, websites of Ministry of Health and related societies were investigated for additional studies. Random effects model was used in meta-analysis of low bias risk studies. Meta-regression was performed to evaluate the temporal change in DM prevalence. Results: There were 8 studies which provided information with regard to DM prevalence (n=84656). Four of these studies (n=56853) had low bias risk and four had high bias risk (n=27803). When compared with low bias risk studies, those with high bias risk had very large variation of DM prevalence (between 4% to 15%). Meta-analysis of the low bias risk group yielded a crude DM prevalence of 13.5% (95% CI: 11.6-15.5%) in the whole group, 14.2% (95% CI: 12.3-16.2%) in females, 12.6% (95% CI: 10.5-14.9%) in males. In meta-regression analysis of low bias risk group, mean age difference among the studies and the time period in which the study was undertaken were partially able to explain the inter-study heterogeneity (R2 values were 52% and 78%). Conclusion: This meta-analysis shows that DM is a highly prevalent public health problem in our country. Contrary to studies, which compare the recent studies with previous ones and report an increasing prevalence of DM, the present meta-analysis-despite its limitations-provides findings that the temporal increase of DM prevalence is at least paused over time. This situation underlines the need for new studies.Öğe Turkish nationwide survEy of glycemic and other Metabolic parameters of patients with Diabetes mellitus (TEMD study)(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018) Sonmez, Alper; Haymana, Cem; Bayram, Fahri; Salman, Serpil; Dizdar, Oguzhan Sitki; Gurkan, Eren; Guldiken, SibelAims: Turkey has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Europe. It is therefore essential to know the overall cardiovascular risk and reveal the predictors of metabolic control in Turkish adults with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A nationwide, multicenter survey consecutively enrolled patients who were under follow up for at least a year. Optimal control was defined as HbA1c <7%, home arterial blood pressure (ABP) <135/85 mmHg, or LDL-C <100 mg/dL. Achieving all parameters indicated triple metabolic control. Results: HbA1c levels of patients (n = 5211) were 8.6 +/- 1.9% (71 +/- 22 mmol/mol) and 7.7 +/- 1.7% (61 +/- 19 mmol/mol), in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, respectively. Glycemic control was achieved in 15.3% and 40.2%, and triple metabolic control was achieved in 5.5% and 10.1%, respectively. Only 1.5% of patients met all the criteria of being non-obese, nonsmoker, exercising, and under triple metabolic control. Low education level was a significant predictor of poor glycemic control in both groups. Conclusions: Few patients with Type 2, and even fewer with Type 1 diabetes have optimal metabolic control in Turkey. TEMD study will provide evidence-based information to policy makers to focus more on the quality and sustainability of diabetes care in order to reduce the national burden of the disease. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Turkish nationwide survey of glycemic and other Metabolic parameters of patients with Diabetes mellitus (TEMD study)(2018) Sonmez, Alper; Haymana, Cem; Bayram, Fahri; Salman, Serpil; Dizdar, Oğuzhan Sıtkı; Gürkan, Eren; Çarlıoğlu, Ayşe Kargılı…Öğe Türkiye’de diabetes mellitus epidemiyolojisinin zamana bağlı değişimi: Bir sistematik derleme ve meta-analiz(2018) Yılmaz, Mehmet Birhan; Kılıçkap, Mustafa; Abacı, Adnan; Barçın, Cem; Bayram, Fahri; Karaaslan, Doruk; Kayıkçıoğlu, MeralAmaç: Diabetes mellitus (DM) ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Türkiye’de DM prevalansını bildiren çeşitli epidemiyolojik çalışmalar olmasına rağmen, bu çalışmaları bir bütün olarak inceleyen ve DM prevalansındaki geçici değişiklikleri değerlendiren bir metaanaliz veya sistematik derleme mevcut değildir. Bu meta-analizde, son 15 yılda yapılmış olan ve ülkemizde DM prevalansı hakkında bilgi veren çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yöntemler: Son 15 yılda Türkiye’de erişkin popülasyonda yapılan, Türkiye’yi örnekleyen veya örnekleme potansiyeli olan ve kardiyovasküler risk faktörlerini araştıran çalışmalar, Ovid Medline, Web of Science Core Collection ve ULAKBİM veri tabanlarında tarandı. Ek olarak Sağlık Bakanlığı ve ilgili meslek örgütlerinin web siteleri ek çalışmalar açısından incelendi. Bu çalışmalar yanlılık (bias) riski açısından yüksek ve düşük riskli olarak kategorize edildi. Düşük riskli çalışmaların meta-analizinde rastgele etkiler modeli (random effects model) kullanıldı. DM prevalansındaki zamansal değişimi değerlendirmek üzere meta-regresyon yapıldı. Bulgular: DM prevalansı ile ilgili bilgi veren 8 çalışma (n=84656) bulundu. Bu çalışmaların dördü (n=56853) yanlılık riski düşük, dördü ise (n=27803) yanlılık riski yüksek olarak değerlendirildi. Yanlılık riski düşük çalışmalarla kıyaslandığında, yanlılık riski yüksek çalışmaların çok geniş bir aralıkta (%4 ile %15 arasında) prevalans dağılımı gösterdiği saptandı. Yanlılık riski düşük çalışmaların meta-analizinde DM kaba prevalansı tüm grupta %13.5 (%95 GA: %11.6-15.5), kadınlarda %14.2 (%95 GA: %12.3-16.2), erkeklerde ise %12.6 (%95 GA: %10.5-14.9) olarak hesaplandı. Yanlılık riski düşük çalışmaların meta-regresyon analizinde, çalışmalar arasındaki yaş ortalamaları farklılığının ve çalışmanın yapıldığı zamanın çalışmalar arası heterojeniteyi kısmen açıkladığı anlaşıldı (R2 değerleri sırasıyla %52 ve %78). Sonuç: Bu meta-analizin sonuçları, DM’nin ülkemizde oldukça yaygın bir halk sağlığı sorunu olduğunu göstermektedir. Yakın tarihli çalışmaları geçmiş çalışmalarla kıyaslayarak DM sıklığının arttığını bildiren araştırmaların aksine, mevcut analizde-kısıtlılıklarına rağmen-DM sıklığında zaman içindeki artışın en azından sınırlandığı yönünde bulgular elde edilmiştir.Öğe What have we learned from Turkish familial hypercholesterolemia registries (A-HIT1 and A-HIT2)?(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018) Kayikcioglu, Meral; Tokgozoglu, Lale; Dogan, Volkan; Ceyhan, Ceyhun; Tuncez, Abdullah; Kutlu, Merih; Onrat, Ersel; Alici, Gokhan; Akbulut, Mehmet; Celik, Ahmet; Yesilbursa, Dilek; Sahin, Tayfun; Sonmez, Alper; Ozdogan, Oner; Temizhan, Ahmet; Kilic, Salih; Bayram, Fahri; Sabuncu, Tevfik; Coskun, Fatma Yilmaz; Ildizli, Muge; Durakoglugil, Emre; Kirilmaz, Bahadir; Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan; Yigit, Zerrin; Yildirim, Aytul Belgi; Gedikli, Omer; Topcu, Selim; Oguz, Aytekin; Demir, Mesut; Yenercag, Mustafa; Yildirir, Aylin; Demircan, Sabri; Yilmaz, Mehmet; Kaynar, Leyla Gul; Aktan, Melih; Durmus, Rana Berru; Gokce, Cumali; Ozcebe, Osman Ilhami; Akyol, Tulay Karaagac; Okutan, Harika; Sag, Saim; Gul, Ozen Oz; Salcioglu, Zafer; Altunkeser, Bulent Behlul; Kuku, Irfan; Yasar, Hurriyet Yilmaz; Kurtoglu, Erdal; Kose, Melis Demir; Demircioglu, Sinan; Pekkolay, Zafer; Ilhan, Osman; Can, Levent H.Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic disease of high-level cholesterol leading to premature atherosclerosis. One of the key aspects to overcome FH burden is the generation of largescale reliable data in terms of registries. This manuscript underlines the important results of nation-wide Turkish FH registries (A-HIT1 and A-HIT2). Methods: A-HIT1 is a survey of homozygous FH patients undergoing low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis (LA). A-HIT2 is a registry of adult FH patients (homozygous and heterozygous) admitted to outpatient clinics. Both registries used clinical diagnosis of FH. Results: A-HIT1 evaluated 88 patients (27 +/- 11 years, 41 women) in 19 centers. All patients were receiving regular LA. There was a 7.37 +/- 7.1-year delay between diagnosis and initiation of LA. LDL-cholesterol levels reached the target only in 5 cases. Mean frequency of apheresis sessions was 19 +/- 13 days. None of the centers had a standardized approach for LA. Mean frequency of apheresis sessions was every 19 +/- 13 (7-90) days. Only 2 centers were aware of the target LDL levels. A-HIT2 enrolled 1071 FH patients (53 +/- 8 years, 606 women) from 31 outpatients clinics specialized in cardiology (27), internal medicine (1), and endocrinology (3); 96.4% were heterozygous. 459 patients were on statin treatment. LDL targets were attained in 23 patients (2.1% of the whole population, 5% receiving statin) on treatment. However, 66% of statin-receiving patients were on intense doses of statins. Awareness of FH was 9.5% in the whole patient population. Conclusions: The first nationwide FH registries revealed that FH is still undertreated even in specialized centers in Turkey. Additional effective treatment regiments are urgently needed.
