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    Chemical composition, yield and contents of essential oil of Lavandula hybrida reverchon grown under different nitrogen fertilizer, plant density and location
    (2007) Arabaci O.; Bayram E.; Baydar H.; Savran A.F.; Karadogan T.; Ozay N.
    Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on the essential oil content, yield and oil composition of Lavandula hybrida Reverchon (lavandin) grown under different ecological conditions for initiating cultivation in Turkey were studied in this research during consecutive three years. Essential oil content and essential oil yield were affected by the experimental factors such as, location, fertilizer, plant density and their interaction. Essential oil content depending on fertilizer and plant density was between 4.900-5.617, 5.733-6.483 and 4.567-5.283% for experimental years, Aydin, Isparta and Canakkale locations, respectively. Under non-nitrogen fertilizer condition 80 × 20 cm plant density would be advisable for Aydin and Canakkale locations and under nitrogen fertilizer condition, 60 × 20 cm plant density would be appropriate for all locations. L × Y × F T Pd (Location × Year × Fertilizer × Plant density) interaction was found for essential oil yield. The major component of essential oil composition in Lavandula hybrida Reverchon was linalool, and this component was followed by iinalyl acetate, camphor and 1,8 cineole.
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    Evaluation of education, attitude, and practice of the Turkish anesthesiologists in regional block techniques
    (Kowsar Medical Publishing Company, 2013) Baydar H.; Duru L.S.; Ozkardesler S.; Akan M.; Meseri R.D.; Karka G.
    Background: The demand for regional blocks from both patients and surgeons has significantly increased in anesthesia practice during the last 30 years. Although the studies show that the complications are rare, regional blocks still have serious difficulties which can be prevented by training programs. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the educational methods, attitude and practice of the Turkish anesthesiologists in regional blocks during and following residency programs. Patients and Methods: Anesthesiologists were asked to answer a questionnaire. Educational proficiency was determined by at least 50 spinal, 50 epidural and 50 peripheral block applications during residency. Specialists were asked for the numbers of spinal, epidural and peripheral blocks (PBs) they applied in 2009. The mean and median values were calculated. Results: One hundred and eighty-eight anesthesiologists (84.3 %) agreed to participate in the study. While all participants had made their first attempts in neuraxial blocks (NBs) when they were residents, this ratio was detected as 96.8% for PBs. All participants learned neuraxial and PBs on patients in the operating theater. Education proficiency ratios for spinal, epidural and PBs were 98.1 %, 92.5 % and 62.3 %, respectively. Age, perception of adequate training, nerve block rotation, adequate application in education, following innovations were the factors which significantly affected the number of PBs in practice according to univariate analysis. The participants who consider their applications on NBs were adequate (P = 0.029) and the ones working in state or private hospitals (P = 0.017), applied NBs significantly above the median number. Conclusions: Anesthesiologists had adequate education and practice of NB applications but a significant proportion of participants (51.8%) lacked both in PBs applications. We believe that NBs are more easily learned than PBs during residency training program. © 2013 Iranian Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ISRAPM); Published by Kowsar Corp.