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    Quantitative Antibody Levels Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
    (NLM (Medline), 2022) Avcu G.; Arslan S.Y.; Soylu M.; Bilen N.M.; Bal Z.S.; Cicek C.; Kurugol Z.
    The majority of children with coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) are asymptomatic or develop mild symptoms, and a small number of patients require hospitalization. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is one of the most severe clinical courses of COVID-19 and is suggested to be a hyperinflammatory condition. This study aimed to compare quantitative antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in children with COVID-19 and MIS-C. Blood samples from 75 patients [n?=?36 (48%) with mild/asymptomatic (group 1), n?=?22 (29.3%) with moderate-to-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (group 2) and n?=?17 (22.6%) patients with MIS-C (group 3)] were analyzed 3 months after COVID-19. The majority of the children with asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 symptoms (80.6%), moderate/severe disease (90.9%), and MIS-C (82.4%) had detectable IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (p?=?0.567). The mean antibody value against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was 321.9?±?411.6 in group 1, 274?±?261 in group 2, and 220?±?299 in group 3, respectively (p?>?0.05). Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (asymptomatic/mild+moderate/severe) and those with MIS-C were also compared; the antibody positivity rates [COVID-19 group: 85.5%, MIS-C group: 82.4%, (p?=?0.833)] and mean antibody values [COVID-19 group: 303.9?±?360.3, MIS-C group: 220?±?299, (p?>?0.05)] were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the majority of children with COVID-19 and MIS-C developed a detectable antibody level against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 3 months after COVID-19. Quantitative antibody levels were similar in both asymptomatic/mild disease, moderate/severe disease, and MIS-C group. Long-term studies evaluating antibody responses in children with COVID-19 and MIS-C are needed for more accurate vaccine schedules.
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    Review of extrapulmonary tuberculosis case experience in ege university children hospital [Ege Üniversitesi Çocuk Hastanesi Ekstrapulmoner Tüberküloz Olgu Deneyimi]
    (2012) Şen S.; Bal Z.S.; Çiftdogan D.Y.; Yildiz K.B.; Vardar F.
    Objective: To review the clinical features of the extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children. Material and Methods: The clinical and epidemiological features of 22 children with extra pulmonary tuberculosis followed in the Children Hospital of Aegean University between 2006 2011 were reviewed. History of contact with tuberculosis patient, clinical manifestations, radiological findings and treatment data were collected. Age, gender, site of involvement, bacteriology, patho logy, laboratory findings, tuberculin test, and immunological studies were recorded. Results: Extra pulmonary tuberculosis constitutes 26,5o of all tuberculosis cases. Male to female ratio was 13/9 and the mean age was 9,35 years. Diagnoses include peripheral lymphadenitis (n-6 cases), milliary (n-3 cases), pleural effusion (n-i case), meningitis (n-2 cases), skeletal (n-2 cases), abdominal (n-2 ca ses) and pericardial (n-i case) tuberculosis. Milliary tuberculosis developed in infants, lymphade nitis and meningitis tuberculosis in preschool children, pleural and skeletal tuberculosis in older children. None of the patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis died. Conclusion: Extrapulmo nary tuberculosis represents an important part of tuberculosis in our study. It is important to think extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients unresponsive to antibiotics for treatment. Copyright © 2012 by Türkiye Klinikleri.