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Öğe Comparing of Cultivated Annual and Perennial Calendula officinalis L. Species(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2021) Avci, Ayse Betul; Inan, MemetThe aim of this study was to determine the highest dry flower yield and essential oil content of yellow and orange flowered annual and perennial marigold plants. Annual and perennial Calendula officinalis L. plant seeds with yellow and orange flower obtained from Research and Application Center of Botanical Garden and Herbarium, Ege University were used as a study material. The experiment was established to the 1000 m(2) area of Ege University Odemis Vocational School field according to split-split plot parcel design with three replications on 28th of March 2016. Flowers were harvested when the plants in full blossom stage, every ten days. Annual yellow and orange flowers and perennial yellow and orange flowers were evaluated separately for each harvest. Totally seven harvest were done. All fresh flowers were weighed after then dried in a drying cabinet at 30 degrees C and essential oil contents were obtained by hydro distillation method. The highest dry flower yields for perennial plants were provided for yellow flowered plants; at 7.54 kg da(-1) and for orange flowered plants; 7.28 kg da(-1). The highest essential oil contents in perennial were determined for yellow flowered plants as 0.051%, and orange flowered plants; 0.020%. In general, it can be said that content of essential oil is higher in perennial plants than single years.Öğe EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF NONCHEMICAL FENNEL (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) CULTIVATION(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2013) Avci, Ayse Betulstudy was conducted to determine the effects of different seeding rates on yield and quality characteristics of fennel without using any chemical fertilizers and pesticides, in Atabey-Isparta ecological conditions during 2010 and 2011 vegetation periods. The experiment was established as randomized blocks design with three replications and three seeding rates (10, 15 and 20 kg ha(-1)) were applied. Plant height, fruit yield and biological yield were significantly affected by seeding rate. Fruit yields ranged between 230.35 and 790.96 kg ha(-1) and the highest yield was obtained from 15 kg ha(-1) seeding rate. Essential oil contents ranged between 1.60 and 2.46%. The main constituent of the essential oil was identified as trans-anethole ranged between 84.48% and 97.79%.Öğe EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF NONCHEMICAL FENNEL (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) CULTIVATION(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2013) Avci, Ayse Betulstudy was conducted to determine the effects of different seeding rates on yield and quality characteristics of fennel without using any chemical fertilizers and pesticides, in Atabey-Isparta ecological conditions during 2010 and 2011 vegetation periods. The experiment was established as randomized blocks design with three replications and three seeding rates (10, 15 and 20 kg ha(-1)) were applied. Plant height, fruit yield and biological yield were significantly affected by seeding rate. Fruit yields ranged between 230.35 and 790.96 kg ha(-1) and the highest yield was obtained from 15 kg ha(-1) seeding rate. Essential oil contents ranged between 1.60 and 2.46%. The main constituent of the essential oil was identified as trans-anethole ranged between 84.48% and 97.79%.Öğe EFFECTS OF GROWTH AND GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ON ESSENTIAL OIL OF TAURUS CEDAR (CEDRUS LIBANI A. RICH.)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Avci, Ayse Betul; Bilir, NebiThe study was carried out to estimate effects of growth (age and diameter at breast height) and geographic (aspect and altitude) characteristics on content and two major constituents (alpha-pinene and (beta-pinene) of essential oil obtained from seeds of three Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) populations sampled from Isparta district at Southern part of Turkey. Besides, content and constituents of essential oil were compared for altitude, aspect, age and diameter at breast height classes. The essential oil content changed between 1.66-2.09% and the main constituents were identified as alpha-pinene and beta-pinene with an average of 29% and 21%, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found among the populations, and within population in terms of age, altitude, and diameter classes for the content and constituents of the essential oil. Studied growth and geographic characters were generally not significantly (p>0.05) effective on the content and main constituents of essential oil, while it changed in individual populations. Results of the study emphasized the importance of growth and geographic characters on content and main constituents of essential oil.Öğe Essential oil composition of Cymbocarpum erythraeum (DC.) Boiss. from Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Avci, Ayse Betul; Korkmaz, Mustafa; Ozcelik, HasanThe aim of this study was to determine the essential oil content and composition of Cymbocarpum erythraeum (DC.) Boiss., a rare species spread in flora of Turkey. The samples were collected during the fructifying period of the plant from Erzincan, Turkey, at an altitude of 2430m, in 2010. Essential oils were obtained from different parts of the plant such as fruits and herbal parts with Clevenger apparatus by hydro-distillation. Essential oil contents of the plant material were 0.38 +/- 0.015%, 0.23 +/- 0.012% and 0.21 +/- 0.015% from fruits, herbal parts with fruits and herbal parts without fruits, respectively. Composition of essential oil was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oil of the herbal parts of the plant was dominated by fatty alcohols and aldehydes which accounted for 73.10% and 24.64%, respectively. Myristyl alcohol (1-tetradecanol) was identified as a major component of essential oil with an average content of 73.10%.Öğe Essential Oil in Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich) Seeds(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Bilir, Nebi; Avci, Ayse BetulThis study was carried out to determine potential of essential oil isolated from seeds of Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich), occupied mainly in Turkey. Rate and components of essential oil were studied on the seeds sampled from 25 open pollinated families of each three natural populations of the species in 2009. Heritability and variations within population and among populations were estimated for rate and components of essential oil. Besides, the rate and components of essential oil were compared for altitude, aspect, age and diameter at breast height. Average of essential oil rate was 1.82 %, while there were large differences among populations and within population for the rate. Totally, 137 components were determined, while alpha-pinene (27.08 %) and beta-pinene (20.35 %) were major components in the oil. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found among populations, and generally age, altitude, and diameter classes for the rate and components. Heritability was very low (0.27) for the oil rate, while it was very high (>0.78) for the rate of major components. Results of the study showed importance of selected material for quality and quantity of essential oil.Öğe Essential Oil in Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich) Seeds(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Bilir, Nebi; Avci, Ayse BetulThis study was carried out to determine potential of essential oil isolated from seeds of Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich), occupied mainly in Turkey. Rate and components of essential oil were studied on the seeds sampled from 25 open pollinated families of each three natural populations of the species in 2009. Heritability and variations within population and among populations were estimated for rate and components of essential oil. Besides, the rate and components of essential oil were compared for altitude, aspect, age and diameter at breast height. Average of essential oil rate was 1.82 %, while there were large differences among populations and within population for the rate. Totally, 137 components were determined, while alpha-pinene (27.08 %) and beta-pinene (20.35 %) were major components in the oil. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found among populations, and generally age, altitude, and diameter classes for the rate and components. Heritability was very low (0.27) for the oil rate, while it was very high (>0.78) for the rate of major components. Results of the study showed importance of selected material for quality and quantity of essential oil.Öğe Harvest Number and Growing Season Effects on Quality and Health Related Compounds in Parsley(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers India, 2017) Alan, Ozlem; Avci, Ayse Betul; Giachino, Refiye Refika AkcaliBackground and Purpose: Parsley is mostly grown outdoors and harvested seasonally. Farmers in many parsley producing countries, especially in the temperate region such as Turkey usually prefer spring sowings (summer growing season-SGS) and fall sowings (winter growing season-WGS) for open field production. Parsley can be usually harvested 4-8 times in temperate climates, if some special precautions are taken it may be 1015 times. In arid, hot and cold climate regions, 2-4 harvests can be obtained. Material and Methods: Seed material of parsley obtained from regional farmers. Two growing cycles per year, i.e. for summer growing season (SGS) and winter growing season (WGS) production and harvest number, have been investigated for their effects on quality and health promoting compounds of parsley such as dry matter content (DMC), color values, chlorophylls (Chl), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and total phenol content. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified for DMC, color values, Chl and total phenol between harvest numbers for both the growing seasons. On the other hand, vitamin C and antioxidant activity were not affected significantly by harvest numbers for both the growing seasons. DMC increased with increasing harvest numbers for only the SGS. Darkest leaves were obtained from fourth harvest for the SGS; from second harvest for the WGS. First harvest had the highest Chl 'a' + 'b' with 52.87 mg/100 g for the SGS; second harvest had the highest Chl 'a' + 'b' (40.36 mg/100 g) for the WGS. Total phenol content decreased with increasing harvest numbers for the SGS. Contrarily to the SGS, total phenol content increased slightly with increasing harvest numbers by 5% for the WGS. Conclusion: It can be concluded that depending on harvest numbers either an increase, a decrease or no effect in quality and health related compounds of parsley seemed to occur. The SGS may be taken more seriously, since it creates a better environment for the expression of different quality traits as compared to the WGS.Öğe Harvest stage effects on some yield and quality characteristics of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.)(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Avci, Ayse Betul; Giachino, R. Refika AkcaliThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different harvesting stages on some yield and quality characteristics of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons in Odemis, Izmir, Western Turkey. The experiment was established as a randomized blocks design with four replications and the plants were harvested at three growth periods such as pre florescence (in May), during florescence (in August) and post-florescence (in November). Plant height, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield, dry leaf yield, dry stem yield, essential oil content and constituents were determined. Statistical analyses showed that the plant height, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield, dry stem yield and essential oil content were all affected by the harvest stages. Mean value of the plant height ranged between 76.94-91.60 cm, fresh herb yield was 21980.9-39941.5 kg ha(-1), dry herb yield was 5955.8-91358.0 kg ha(-1), dry leaf yield was 717.4-1076.8 kgha(-1) and dry stem yield was 524.3-939.2 kg ha(-1). The total essential oil content ranged between 0.27-0.36% and the highest content was provided from the florescence stage of the plant. The main constituent of the essential oil was determined as E-Citral and ranged between 25.90-37.74% of the total and the highest content was also obtained from the florescence stage. Z-Citral and Caryophyllene oxide were identified as other components of the lemon balm essential oil. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Influence of Chicken Manure Applications on the Yield and the Essential Oil content of Origanum onites L.(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers India, 2017) Avci, Ayse BetulBackground: Origanum onites L. is one of the most important export plant collected from natural flora and cultuvated in Turkey. Methods: This study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of chicken manure on yield characteristics of O. onites, in Odemis, Izmir ecological conditions during 2014 and 2015 vegetation periods. The experiment was established as randomized blocks design with three replications and five chicken manure (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 ton ha(-1)) were applied. Results: Plant height, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield, dry leaf yield, dry stem yield and essential oil content were significantly affected by year, harvest number and chicken manure doses. Mean value of the plant height ranged between 56.80 to 94.87 cm, fresh herb yield was 54000.0-135150.0 kg ha(-1), dry herb yield was 5770.7-31040.7 kg ha(-1), dry leaf yield was 3560.7-15470.7 kg ha(-1) and dry stem yield was 1430.6-19060.0 kg ha(-1). The total essential oil content ranged between 3.5-5.4%. Conclusion: For the highest drog herb and drog leaf yields, which is the most important features for the production of oregano, 20 ton ha(-1) of chicken manure application can be recommended. 30 ton ha(-1) chicken manure dose can be suggested as the effective for the essential content.Öğe A NEW APPROACH OF SWEET CHERRY (PRUNUS AVIUM L.) POLLINATION: CORIANDER (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.) ESSENTIAL OIL(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2016) Guclu, Sultan Filiz; Avci, Ayse BetulThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of coriander essential oil applied as an alternative method to increase fruit set of sweet cherry which is an important fruit for the Isparta region. In the trial, coriander essential oil was applied to the branches in blooming period and comparisons were made with branches on which essential oil was not applied (control). When average values are considered, it has been determined that the application increased fruit set from 27.86 to 53.28 in comparison with the control group.Öğe Variation in Essential Oil Content and Composition of Crimean Juniper (Juniperus excelsa) Berries during the Growth Periods(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Avci, Ayse Betul; Bilir, NebiThe study was carried out on content and constituents of essential oil distilled from berries collected from Crimean Juniper (Juniperus excelsa) trees (called genotype in the paper) in a natural population. The immature and mature berries were collected from the trees in different aspects at the beginning, middle and end of growth period of 2010. The essential oil was obtained from berries by hydrodistillation. Its content and major constituents were compared for genotype, aspect and collection period. Environmental and genotypic effects on the content and constituent were also investigated. Results showed that while average of essential oil content was 2 %, it was 1.2 %, 2.3 % and 2.5 % for beginning, middle and end of growth periods, respectively. Eighty-eight constituents representing 99.2 % of the total essential oil were identified in different growth periods. The numbers of constituent were 30 at the beginning, 88 at the middle and 65 at the end of growth periods, while a-cedrol and a-pinene were major constituents. Averages of a-cedrol and a-pinene contents were 42.8 % and 17.4 %, respectively. The differences of the essential oil and major constituent contents were larger for growth periods than that of aspect and genotypes. Variation within clones was higher than that of among clones for the content of essential oil and major constituents. The result emphasized that non-genetic factors (i.e., collection period, aspect) were more important for the essential oil production and constituents of genotypes than their genetic constitution.
