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    A 7-year study of workplace drug testing in two major cities in Türkiye
    (Routledge journals, 2024) Aslan, Rukiye; Ovat, Duygu Yesim; Atasoy Aydin, Asli; Goren, Ismail Ethem; Kurtulmus, Yusuf; Saglam, Inci; Annette Akgur, Serap
    BackgroundWorkplace Drug Testing (WDT) is a worldwide practice that is crucial in anti-drug efforts. This study aimed to provide compherensive information about the WDT applications in T & uuml;rkiye with data obtained from two major cities in two different regions of T & uuml;rkiye.MethodsThe retrospective assessment of forensic toxicological analysis results in urine, hair or urine&hair samples collected from 220 WDT cases in & Idot;zmir (3rd largest city) and Adana (5th largest city) from 2016 to 2022 years was carried. The screening and confirmation analysis were performed with immunoassay and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), respectively.ResultsCases with a positive result from one of urine or hair tests were accepted as positive. 20.5% (n = 45) of the cases were detected positive, and most applicants were identified as drivers (84.4%, n = 38). Urine samples of 23.5% (n = 52) were screened by immunoassay, and THC (n = 1) and opiate (n = 1) were detected. In the LC-MS/MS analysis, benzodiazepines were detected most in urine as a single substance, while cannabinoids and codeine were detected in the hair. Multidrug combinations used in treatment were detected in urine and hair. It was detected both alone and among the substances accompanying cannabinoids and amphetamines.ConclusionsThis study presents 7-year WDT results of two different major cities in T & uuml;rkiye. The method of WDT application differs across the country so a standard procedure should be performed. In our country, where zero tolerance against substance use is adopted, the detection of illegal and controlled substances in cases clearly shows that WDT practice should be routinized.
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    Investigating the Effects of a Synthetic Cannabinoid on the Pathogenesis of Leukemia and Leukemic Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Approach
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2022) Salcin, Hilal; Goker Bagca, Bakiye; Alcitepe, Ilayda; Biray Avci, Cigir; Aslan, Rukiye; Annette Akgur, Serap; Tezcanli Kaymaz, Burcin
    The popularity and usage of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are increasing due to their easy accessibility and psychoactive effects worldwide. Studies on cannabinoids on leukemic stem cells (LSC) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are the precursors of leukemia cells, generally depend on the natural cannabinoid delta-9-THC. As there is only a limited number of studies focusing on the results of SC applications, the reflections upon LSCs have to be clarified. In this study, biological responses and antileukemic effects of JWH-018-one of the first produced and widely used SCs-were evaluated upon leukemia cells. Whether JWH-018 exhibited a preventive effect on both leukemic and HSCs was evaluated by presenting a therapeutic approach for the first time in the literature. Cells were analyzed in case of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and transcriptional expression profiling of some significant JAK/STAT and AKT/mTOR pathways, apoptotic, cell cycle regulation, and epigenetic chromatin remodeling-related genes following JWH-018 treatment. In conclusion, however, further studies are still needed upon both HSCs and LSCs to illuminate the effects of SCs on leukemogenesis on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) more clearly; we consider that the JWH-018 can provide a therapeutic effect on the pathogenesis of leukemia and particularly upon LSCs and SCs might have therapeutic potential in addition to current therapy.