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    Essential oil composition of pimpinella cypria and its insecticidal, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity
    (Natural Product Incorporation, 2016) Tabanca N.; Nalbantsoy A.; Bernier U.R.; Agramonte N.M.; Ali A.; Li A.Y.; Yalcin H.T.; Gucel S.; Demirci B.
    A water-distilled essential oil (EO) from the aerial parts of Pimpinella cypria Boiss. (Apiaceae), an endemic species in northern Cyprus, was analyzed by GCFID and GC-MS. Forty-five compounds were identified in the oil, which comprised 81.7% of the total composition. The compound classes in the oil were oxygenated sesquiterpenes (33.9%), sesquiterpenes (22.0%), monoterpenes (11.4%), oxygenated monoterpenes (2.6%), and phenylpropanoids (7.5%). The main components of the oil were (Z)-?-farnesene (6.0%), spathulenol (5.9%), ar-curcumene (4.3%), and 1,5-epoxy-salvial(4)14-ene (3.8%). The P. cypria EO deterred yellow fever mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) from biting at a concentration of 10 µg/cm2 in in vitro bioassays. The oil was tested for repellency in assays using human volunteers. The oil had a minimum effective dosage (MED) for repellency of 47 ± 41 µg/cm2 against Ae. aegypti, which was less efficacious than the positive control N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). In larval bioassays, P. cypria EO showed an LC50 value of 28.3 ppm against 1st instar Ae. aegypti larvae. P. cypria EO demonstrated dose dependent repellency against nymphs of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Between 45.0% and 85.0% repellency was observed at concentrations ranging from 26 to 208 µg/cm2. However, P. cypria EO was less effective compared with DEET in the tick bioassays. Cytotoxicity assays showed that the P. cypria EO did not exhibit significant effects up to the maximum treatment concentration of 50 µg/mL on HEK293, PC3, U87MG, and MCF cells. P. cypria EO also demonstrated moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria with MICs ranging from 15.6 to 62.5 µg/mL, except for Candida albicans, which showed the same MIC value of 7.8 µg/mL as the positive control, flucytosine. This is the first report on the chemical composition of P. cypria EO and its insecticidal, toxicant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity.
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    Intramedullary cavernous angioma of the spinal cord in a pediatric case with multiple cerebral cavernomas and familial occurrence case report and review of the literature [Çoklu serebral kavernomlarla birlikte ortaya çi{dotless}kan intramedüller kavernöz anjiomali{dotless} pediatrik hasta ve hastali{dotless}gi{dotless}n ailesel geçişi; vaka sunumu ve li·teratürün]
    (2010) Tuncer T.; Ali A.; Yesim E.; Zaur A.; Yusuf E.; Saffet M.
    The review of data available in the literature has shown that there has been a gradual increase in the number of reported cases of intramedullary cavernous angioma (ImCA) since the advent of Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI). However, a comparison between the number of studies on adult and pediatric ImCA cases reveals that the total number of pediatric ImCA cases reported to date is only 18 - quite smaller than the former. The purpose of this study is to present an outline of ImCA in pediatric age group; its clinical presentation, course, management and outcome and to report the 19th pediatric case with an ImCA. Another important point about the present case is the three intracerebral lesions she had and the familial pattern existed. A complete removal of the lesion was accomplished as demonstrated by postoperative MRI studies. At the follow-up examination, a spine and cerebral MRI was completed and it was clear that no postoperative complication occurred after surgery.
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    Soil amendments for heavy metal immobilization using different crops
    (Springer International Publishing, 2016) Amanullah M.; Ali A.; Ping W.; Quan W.; Feng S.; Lahori A.H.; Ronghua L.; Awasthi M.K.; Zengqiang Z.; ×ztürk M.
    Industrial development has put enormous negative impacts on the natural environment. Metal refining units using pyrometallurgical processes have emitted excessive load of heavy metals. Soil is the prime target of such contaminants and polluted in over the vast area. Soil pollution poses a great threat to public globally. Heave metals (HMs) are persistent in nature and do not undergo chemical or biological breakdown, but remain in the environment for long periods since their emission. Immobilization is an in-situ remediation technique that uses cost effective soil amendments to reduce Pb and Cd availability in the contaminated soils. This chapter has focused on heavy metal pollution in the soil through considering: sources, types of soil contaminants, global overview of soil pollution, environmental health risks and immobilization options using various soil amendments. This chapter describes commonly used and emerging cost effective amendments for heavy metal immobilization. There is a dire need to develop procedures to determine immobilization efficacy that could be used to assess the in situ short and long-term environmental stability of metal immobilization. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.