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Öğe ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES STUDY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TURKEY(Bmj Publishing Group, 2016) Ulukol, Betul; Kahilogullari, Akfer; Sethi, Dinesh; Guney, Sevtap Velipasaoglu; Odek, Ozdecan Bezirci; Parin, Suvat; Yopbas, Murat; Aksit, Sadik; Koc, Feyza Umay; Kose, Kenan; Can, GamzeÖğe Awareness of Turkish Nursing Students About Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer and Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine(Springer, 2010) Tas, Fatma; Isler, Aysegul; Esenay, Figen Isik; Aksit, Sadik; Basbakkal, ZumrutThe aim of this study was to evaluate nursing students' knowledge about risk factors for cervical cancer and prophylactic HPV vaccine. The nursing students in a nursing school in Turkey were asked to complete a self administered questionnaire evaluating the knowledge of students regarding STDs, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. From a total of 650 female nursing students, 400 agreed to fill in the questionnaire. While 98% of the students defined HIV infection as STD, only 37% of them indicated that HPV is one of the STDs. About one-third of the students reported that HPV is a risk factor for the cervical cancer. Only 16% of the students had heard of HPV vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer. Most of the students had no sexual intercourse before. In conclusion, nursing students' knowledge especially on the association of HPV and cervical cancer is not satisfactory.Öğe Dietary vitamin A intake and serum retinol concentrations of preschool children from different socio-economical levels in Izmir, Turkey(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Midyat, Levent; Kurugol, N. Zafer; Aksit, Sadik; Tanriverdi, Mahir; Yagci, Rasit VuralAim: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), especially in its subclinical form, is a world health problem in young children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VAD among preschool children in various socio-economic groups in Izmir, Turkey. Methods: One hundred and one children aged 24-59 months were selected for the study with cluster sampling method. A questionnaire was completed by the parents, and the dietary pattern was assessed by using a 3-day dietary record method. Results: Mean serum retinol concentration of the children was 28.3 +/- 10.2 mu g/dL. Serum vitamin A concentration of two children (2%) was below 10 mu g/dL (VAD), whereas 18 (18%) children had vitamin A concentrations between 10 and 20 mu g/dL (subclinical deficiency). We did not find any relationship between mean serum retinol concentrations and the independent variables such as socio-economical levels, age groups, birth weight and gestational age. However, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum retinol concentrations and weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z scores of the children (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Because one-fifth of the children under 5 years have VAD in Izmir, Turkey, nutrition education must be given to the families during well-child care visits, and routine vitamin supplementation should be considered especially in children with malnutrition.Öğe Maternal and Cord Blood Vitamin B12, Folate and Homocysteine Levels(Galenos Yayincilik, 2022) Boluk, Selime Ozen; Sahin, Ebru; Halicioglu, Oya Baltali; Koc, Feyza; Aksit, SadikAim: Nowadays, insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate are seen as an important health problem. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies in pregnant women and their babies at birth. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 117 pregnant women and their single, term babies in Izmir Ege Maternity Hospital. Analysis of vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels were performed from venous blood samples which were obtained from the mother and cord blood at birth. Additionally, a questionnaire using a face-to-face interview method was performed with the pregnant women included in this study. The mean duration of pregnancy was 391 +/- 0.89 weeks and the mean age of the mothers was 28.2 +/- 6.2 years. Results: Vitamin B12 deficiency (<130 pg/mL) was present in 88.9% of mothers and 56% of babies. Folate deficiency (<4 ng/mL) was found in 6.8% of mothers, but not found in any babies. The homocysteine levels were high (>8 mu mol/L) in 58.1% of mothers and 63.2% of babies. There was a significant correlation between maternal and cord blood vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels (p<0.01). However, there was no correlation between maternal vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels (p=0.016, p=0.354). Conclusion: Low maternal vitamin B12 levels are strongly associated with tow cord blood vitamin B12 levels. This data reveals that vitamin B12 deficiency which can occur from the neonatal period is a preventable public health problem. Pregnant women and physicians should be made aware of the importance of vitamin B12 intake during pregnancy.Öğe Rapid Urinary Antigen Test in Children with Nasophryngeal Pneumococcal Carriage(Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2015) Koc, Feyza; Kurugol, Zafer; Halicioglu, Oya; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aslan, Asli; Aydemir, Sohret; Aksit, SadikObjective: To assessment the results of the Binax NOW urinary antigen test in healthy children and the influence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage on the results of the antigen detection test. Material and Methods: The study was performed on a total of 223 healthy children aged 2-60 months. All the children enrolled and provided both nasopharyngeal swab specimens for culture and urine samples for the antigen detection test (Binax NOW). Results: A total of 24 children (11%) were nasopharyngeal carriers of Streptococcus pneumonia. In 16 of these children (66.5%), the pneumococcal urinary antigen test was positive. False positive and false negative rates were found 33.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusion: It should be considered that a positive Binax NOW test alone is poor for distinguishing the pneumococcal infection from carriage.Öğe Rapid Urinary Antigen Test in Children with Nasophryngeal Pneumococcal Carriage(Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2015) Koc, Feyza; Kurugol, Zafer; Halicioglu, Oya; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aslan, Asli; Aydemir, Sohret; Aksit, SadikObjective: To assessment the results of the Binax NOW urinary antigen test in healthy children and the influence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage on the results of the antigen detection test. Material and Methods: The study was performed on a total of 223 healthy children aged 2-60 months. All the children enrolled and provided both nasopharyngeal swab specimens for culture and urine samples for the antigen detection test (Binax NOW). Results: A total of 24 children (11%) were nasopharyngeal carriers of Streptococcus pneumonia. In 16 of these children (66.5%), the pneumococcal urinary antigen test was positive. False positive and false negative rates were found 33.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusion: It should be considered that a positive Binax NOW test alone is poor for distinguishing the pneumococcal infection from carriage.Öğe Rapid Urinary Antigen Test in Children with Nasophryngeal Pneumococcal Carriage(Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2015) Koc, Feyza; Kurugol, Zafer; Halicioglu, Oya; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aslan, Asli; Aydemir, Sohret; Aksit, SadikObjective: To assessment the results of the Binax NOW urinary antigen test in healthy children and the influence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage on the results of the antigen detection test. Material and Methods: The study was performed on a total of 223 healthy children aged 2-60 months. All the children enrolled and provided both nasopharyngeal swab specimens for culture and urine samples for the antigen detection test (Binax NOW). Results: A total of 24 children (11%) were nasopharyngeal carriers of Streptococcus pneumonia. In 16 of these children (66.5%), the pneumococcal urinary antigen test was positive. False positive and false negative rates were found 33.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusion: It should be considered that a positive Binax NOW test alone is poor for distinguishing the pneumococcal infection from carriage.Öğe Retinol and alpha-tocopherol concentrations in breast milk of Turkish lactating mothers under different socio-economic status(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Tokusoglu, Ozlem; Tansug, Nermin; Aksit, Sadik; Dinc, Goenuel; Kasirga, Erhun; Ozcan, CemilRetinol and alpha-tocopherol levels in breast milk of Turkish mothers under different socio-economic status were investigated. Mature milk samples were collected from 92 lactating mothers living in Izmir and in Manisa, cities of Turkey, who were at 60-90 days of the lactating period. Socio-economic, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The body mass index was used to determine the nutritional status. The retinol and alpha-tocopherol contents of breast milk were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; the concentration of alpha-tocopherol was 9.84 mu g/ml whereas retinol levels were 81.5 mu g/100 ml. The questionnaire survey was used to determine the level of these vitamins in the daily ration of the women. No significant differences were found in terms of milk retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels for the variables income, educational level and mothers' body mass index.Öğe Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Infection in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2009) Kurugol, Zafer; Koturoglu, Gueldane; Aksit, Sadik; Ozacar, TijenAims: This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Materials and Methods: A total of 660 unvaccinated persons 1 to 30 years old were selected for the study with cluster sampling. Information on sociodemographic characteristics was gathered for each participant and, in 641 of them, anti-HAV antibodies were assayed using an enzyme immune assay. Results: Anti-HAV prevalence in the Turkish population under the age of 30 in Northern Cyprus was 23.9%. For the age groups 1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years, seroprevalence rates were relatively low (11.4, 9.4 and 12%, respectively). For age groups 16 years and over. HAV seroprevalence gradually increased with age, rising to 30.4% in 16 to 20 years and to 52.5% in 21 to 30 years of age. In addition to age, other variables significantly associated with HAV seroprevalence included low family income, family size, waste water sewage, and the education level of parents. Conclusions: Anti-HAV seroprevalence in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus shows an intermediate prevalence. As well as expanding health education and improving sanitation. a hepatitis A universal mass vaccination program would be logical for the population.Öğe Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection in the Turkish population in Northern Cyprus(Turkish J Pediatrics, 2009) Kurugol, Zafer; Koturoglu, Guelane; Aksit, Sadik; Ozacar, TijenThis study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B vir-us (HBV) infection in the Turkish population in Northern Cyprus. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the impact of the universal infant hepatitis B vaccination program, which started in 1998. A total of 600 persons I to 30 years old were selected for the study with cluster sampling. The information on sociodemographic characteristics was gathered for each participant and in 585 of them, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti-HBs) and anticore antibody (anti-HBc) were tested. The overall prevalence of anti-HBc and HBsAg carriage was 13.2% and 0.85%, respectively. Old age and low parental educational level were the major independent risk factors for HBV transmission. Seroprevalence of both anti-HBc and anti-HBs antibodies was similar in children 1-7 years of age. After 8 years of age, anti-HBc seroprevalence increased significantly with age, while anti-HBs prevalence decreased (p<0.001). Anti-HBc prevalence increased from 7.0% in children aged 1-7 years to 17.9% in persons aged 16-20 years. None of the children under 12 years of age were HBsAg-positive, while 1.9% of persons aged 16-20 years were HBsAg carriers. Anti-HBs seroprevalence exceeding 90% was found in the cohorts targeted by the routine hepatitis B vaccination program, whereas 36.4% of young adults aged 21-30 years were anti-HBs-positive. The study shows that universal infant hepatitis B immunization has a substantial impact on the immunity in children. However, prevalence of HBV infection is still high in adolescent and young adults in Northern Cyprus. Therefore, catch-up immunization for these groups will help to reduce hepatitis B transmission.Öğe Shaken Baby Syndrome: Case Report(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2012) Koc, Feyza; Aksit, Sadik; Turhan, Tuncer; Ersahin, Yusuf; Tomba, Arda; Halicioglu, Oya; Aslan, Asli; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aydin, Cahide; Cetin, Saniye; Senol, Ender; Celik, Ahmet; Kara, SinanShaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a serious type of physical abuse characterized by subdural hematoma and retinal hemorrhage. This syndrome is frequently seen in children younger than 2 years of age. Most of the time it results in death or severe neurological damage. In these cases, external visible injuries are generally absent; often there no history of shaking or trauma. Clinical symptoms and findings are nonspecific. Therefore, most of the cases are missed when SBS is not considered in the differential diagnosis. In this article, we reported two SBS cases admitted to our hospital with a history of head trauma and convulsions, resulting in death in one case.Öğe Varicella rates among unvaccinated and one-dose vaccinated healthy children in Izmir, Turkey(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Kurugol, Zafer; Halicioglu, Oya; Koc, Feyza; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aksit, SadikObjectives: We aimed to determine the rate of breakthrough varicella in Turkey, a country with low varicella vaccination coverage. Methods: This study was conducted between April 2008 and March 2009 at the Well-Child Clinic at Ege University and pediatricians' offices. We collected information on vaccination status and varicella infection using a questionnaire. In order to elicit more details about the severity of illness, we interviewed all parents and reviewed the clinician records. Vaccination status was verified from the medical records or vaccination cards with dates. Results: A total of 2802 children were evaluated. Of these, 1683 had been vaccinated with a single dose of varicella vaccine and 1119 were unvaccinated. Among vaccinated children, 466 (27.7%) had breakthrough varicella. Vaccinated children tended to have mild varicella. However, about 25% of breakthrough cases had moderate or severe disease. Children who were vaccinated >= 5 years previously had a 3.7-fold higher risk of breakthrough disease than those who were vaccinated <5 years before. Vaccination at younger than 15 months of age was not significantly associated with an increased risk of breakthrough infection. Conclusions: Breakthrough varicella is not rare in Turkey where varicella infections are common. A longer interval since vaccination may be a risk factor for developing breakthrough varicella. Children who had been vaccinated >5 years previously were at risk for breakthrough disease. A two-dose varicella vaccine policy may be needed to provide improved protection. (C) 2011 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Varicella seroprevalence in Turkish population in Cyprus(Blackwell Publishing, 2007) Kurugol, Zafer; Koturoglu, Guldane; Aksit, Sadik; Ozacar, TijenAim: This study was conducted to determine the age-specific seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in Turkish population in Cyprus. Methods: A total of 600 unvaccinated individuals aged 1-30 years were selected for the study with cluster sampling. Information on socio-demographic characteristics was gathered for each participant and, anti-VZV antibodies were assayed by using enzyme immune assay. Results: Of the 578 assayed samples, 486 (84.1%) were seropositive. Varicella seroprevalence increased sharply with age from 25% for the 2-3 year olds to 55, 78 and 85% for 4-5, 6-7 and 8-9 year olds, respectively. More than 90% of individuals > 16 years of age were seropositive. Varicella seroprevalence was higher in large families with five and more members (91.2%) than in small families with four or fewer members (80.2%). Conclusion: The majority of varicella-zoster virus infections occur during preschool period and at the first years of schooling. Therefore, routine varicella vaccination of children would be logical in Northern Cyprus, as is currently recommended by the European Working Group on Varicella.Öğe Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their neonates in spring time in western Turkey(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Halicioglu, Oya; Aksit, Sadik; Koc, Feyza; Akman, Sezin A.; Albudak, Esin; Yaprak, Isin; Coker, Isil; Colak, Ayfer; Ozturk, Can; Gulec, Ebru S.Although Turkey is located in a sunny region, vitamin D deficiency is still a serious health problem in pregnant women and their infants, especially among the low socioeconomic status Turkish population. This study was carried out in order to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] concentrations of the pregnant women in the last trimester and in their neonates at delivery and to determine the factors associated with maternal serum 25(OH) D concentrations. Among the patients visiting the Ege Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in the period March to May 2008, 258 healthy pregnant women >= 37 weeks of gestation were included in this study. The information on different characteristics such as the number of pregnancies and births, nutritional status, vitamin and mineral support during gestation, educational status, clothing style and the economic level of the family was collected from women. Blood samples from the mothers and umbilical cord of the newborns were taken to measure 25(OH) D. The mean 25(OH) D concentrations of the mothers and their infants were 11.5 +/- 5.4 ng/mL and 11.5 +/- 6.8 ng/mL, respectively. We found a strong positive correlation between maternal serum and umbilical cord blood 25(OH) D concentrations (r = 0.651, P < 0.001). The concentration of 25(OH) D was <= 20 ng/mL in 233 mothers (90.3%) and <= 10 ng/mL in 130 mothers (50.4%). Maternal serum 25(OH) D concentrations related strongly to factors such as uncovered dressing style, sufficient consumption of dairy products and multivitamin use during gestation (P < 0.05). About half (52.7%) of these women had a covered dressing style. 25(OH) D concentrations of these covered dressing mothers and their infants were 9.7 +/- 5.1 ng/mL and 9.7 +/- 5.6 ng/mL, respectively, which were significantly lower compared with those of uncovered mothers and their babies (P < 0.001). This study showed that, despite a sunny environment, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are highly prevalent among the mothers and their neonates. This is generally due to the life style and nutritional status of the mothers. These findings suggest that much more effective vitamin D prophylaxis programmes should be implemented for pregnant women as well as for their babies.Öğe Vitamin D Status of Exclusively Breastfed 4-Month-Old Infants Supplemented During Different Seasons(Amer Acad Pediatrics, 2012) Halicioglu, Oya; Sutcuoglu, Sumer; Koc, Feyza; Yildiz, Omur; Akman, Sezin A.; Aksit, SadikOBJECTIVE: To examine the vitamin D status of 4-month-old exclusively breastfed infants supplemented with 400 IU daily of vitamin D and to determine whether there was any seasonal variation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of infants. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and 25(OH)D levels of 143 exclusively breastfed 4-month-old infants supplemented daily with 400 IU of vitamin D were measured in a temperate latitude, Izmir, Turkey, between May 2008 and April 2009. A questionnaire on demographic characteristics of infants and mothers, vitamin D supplementation of infants after birth, mothers' multivitamin supplementation, dressing habits, and consumption of dairy products during pregnancy was used. RESULTS: Vitamin D deficiency (<= 50 nmol/L) and insufficiency (51-74 nmol/L) were determined in 40 (28%) and 55 (38.5%) infants, respectively. During winter days, serum 25(OH) D levels were <20 ng/mL in 45.4% of infants and,10 ng/mL in 10.6% of infants. Season of blood sampling, compliance of vitamin D supplementation, maternal education level, and consumption of dairy products were highly predictive of serum 25(OH) D levels in multiple linear regression analysis (P < .05). The use of the Pearson correlation test found a statistically significant negative correlation between 25(OH) D and parathyroid hormone levels (r = -0.419, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Despite supplementation with 400 IU of vitamin D daily, the rate of vitamin D deficiency was worryingly high in 4-month-old exclusively breastfed infants living in Izmir, Turkey. So, additional studies are needed to clarify optimal amount of vitamin D supplementation to the infants, especially during winter days. Pediatrics 2012; 130: e921-e927
