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Öğe Determination of deficit irrigation treatments on olive fruit quality and olive oil (Memecik cv.) chemical composition and antioxidant properties(Innovhub Ssi-Area Ssog, 2019) Sevim, D.; Koseoglu, O.; Gungor, F. Ozturk; Kaya, U.; Kadiroglu, P.; Mengu, G. Pamuk; Akkuzu, E.In this research, the influences of irrigation treatments (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5) on chemical properties, antioxidant compounds and activities of table olive and olive oils (Memecik) were investigated during three crop seasons (2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15). The three least irrigated (K3, K4 and K5) and non -irrigated (K1) regimes indicated that higher content of polyphenols of olive fruits were those with the most irrigated regime (K2). According to L", a* and b", results of statistical differences were determined between the treatments of K1 and K5 (P<0.05). There was no significant effect determined between irrigation treatments of the Memecik olive oil main fatty acids such as palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) acid, except palmitic acid (first year) and linoleic acid (second year). When we look at the triacylglycerol (TAG) composition in the 2012/13 and 2013/14 crop seasons important statistical differences were determined between the irrigation treatments on some TAG contents (P<0.05) however these differences between irrigation treatments, although statistically significant, are very slight. During the last crop season, no significant effects were determined in the TAG composition between irrigation treatments. During the first and the second year, important statistical differences were observed between the irrigation treatments both for the total phenol content and bitterness index (K225) value of oils (P<0.05). The research showed that the K225 value of Memecik olive oils is above 0.360 value. Important differences were determined between the irrigation treatments on the alpha tocopherol content (P<0.05). DPPH' (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl) content (first and second year) and ABTS'+ (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) content (all crop seasons) were also significantly influenced by irrigation treatments due to changes in antioxidant compounds (P<0.05). Whereas all these differences, although statistically important, are very slight. In the light of the findings of this research, it was concluded that the use of the restricted irrigation regimes enabled water to be saved with very slight change in fruit and oil quality.Öğe Determination of Some Physiologic and Morphologic Changes of Young Olive (Cv Ayvalik) Trees under Different Water Stress in Coastal Part of Aegean Region(Univ Namik Kemal, 2016) Pouyafard, N.; Akkuzu, E.; Kaya, U.This research was carried out on two years old olive (cv Ayvalik) trees grown in pots at field condition in Bornova Olive Research Station, Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock in 2011. Some morphological and physiological response of young olive tree to drought stress under different irrigation levels were investigated. For this reason, the experiment consisted of 4 treatments: 1) Irrigated at the level of 100% of the ETa (I-100), 2) Irrigated at the level of 66% of the ETa (I-66), 3) Irrigated at the level of 33% of the ETa (I-33), 4) Non-irrigated (I-0). Some physiologic responses of plants such as chlorophyll content (SPAD), stomatal conductance (g(s)), leaf temperature and air temperature difference (T-y-T-a) and also morphologic responses of the plant the trunk diameter, plant height, shoot diameter, shoot length were investigated. Irrigation water requirement was ranged from 0 to 82.45 liters/plant and actual evapotranspiration was ranged from 10.78 to 86.11 liters/plant. There were not a statistically significant difference among the treatmentsts (except I-0) in terms of morphological parameters. In terms of chlorophyll content, statistically significant differences were not found among the treatmentsts (except I-0), however, the leaf-air temperature differences and stomatal conductance values statistically significant differences were found among the treatmentsts. Ayvalik olive, is a drought-tolerant cultivar, recommended for growing in arid or water shortage areas. However, as a proposal determining the level of water stress in olive stomatal conductance and leaf and air temperature difference measurements can be used.Öğe Effect of Deficit Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Fruit Quality of Olive Trees (cv. Memecik) on the Aegean Coast of Turkey(Wiley, 2017) Kaya, U.; Gungor, F. Ozturk; Camoglu, G.; Akkuzu, E.; Asik, S.; Koseoglu, O.In this study, six different irrigation treatments were applied to an olive orchard using the drip irrigation method. Five of these were arranged according to 25% (S-0.25), 50% (S-0.50), 75% (S-0.75), 100% (S-1.00) and 125% (S-1.25) of the evaporation in 5days of a class A' evaporation pan, and one control (S-C) was arranged so as to bring the reducing moisture at a soil depth of 0-90cm to field capacity. Yield values were not affected by the irrigation treatment (p>0.05). In contrast, 100-fruit weight, pulp ratio, hardness moisture, oil, reducing sugar content and bitterness were affected by irrigation (p<0.05). Generally, an increase in the amount of irrigation water given in the study was accompanied by a fall in ripeness index values, a rise in moisture content, and a reduction in the oil content of fruit. The highest content of reducing sugar was obtained from S-0.25, generally being lower with increase in the water applied. The findings show that application of 25% of the evaporation of a class A' evaporation pan (treatment S-0.25) can be recommended for cv. Memecik. Application of this recommendation can achieve a 72% saving in water and make a significant contribution to the conservation of limited water resources. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Evaluation of drought with Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) in the Aegean Region(Ege Universitesi, 2023) Özçelik, Ş.; Akkuzu, E.Objective: Water resources and agricultural production are affected negatively by drought with the effect of increasing climate change in recent years. The objective of this study was to examine temporal and spatial distribution of the drought with Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) in Aegean Region in which is carried out a significant part of agricultural production of Türkiye. Material and Methods: Climatic values between 1975 and 2014 of 29 meteorological stations were used in throughout Aegean Region. SPEI values were obtained at different time scales (1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months) by using monthly total precipitation (P) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Monthly ETo values were calculated according to Penman-Monteith (FAO 56) method. Results: According to the SPEI values, severe and extreme droughts were observed in the entire Aegean Region. Especially in 1989, 1993, 2007, 2008, 2011 and 2012 drought events were experienced. Extreme droughts were recorded in 2007 and 2008. Thus, it has been observed that SPEI values have the potential to determine spatially drought periods on a long-time scale. While SPEI values at long time scales was produced more useful results to define uninterrupted long drought periods, on the contrary, at shorter time scales it was obtained drought events which are shorter periods and a greater number of them. Conclusion: SPEI provides important information to decision makers in planning agricultural production and water resources against the risk of drought and minimizing socio-economic impacts. © 2023 The Author(s).Öğe TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION PROJECTIONS UNDER AR4 SCENARIOS: THE CASE OF KUCUK MENDERES BASIN, TURKEY(Scibulcom Ltd, 2019) Serbes, Z. A.; Yildirim, T.; Mengu, G. P.; Akkuzu, E.; Asik, S.; Okkan, U.In the study, downscaling models based on artificial neural networks were established for monthly average and maximum temperature and monthly total precipitation projections of Seferihisar, Selcuk and Odemis meteorological stations in the basin. In the models, NCEP/NCAR re-analysis variables were used as predictors. The downscaling models calibrated with the optimum predictors convert the coarse resolution results of both reference period (20C3M; 1981-2010) and future period (A2, A 1B and B1; 2021-2100) scenarios of ECHAM5 climate model to the station scale temperature and rainfall forecasts. Corrections of biases in the forecasts are achieved by using cumulative distribution functions. According to the A2, A1B and B1 scenarios, the mean of monthly average temperatures of 2021-2100 period could increase by 3.2, 3.5 and 2.8 degrees C, respectively and the mean of monthly maximum temperatures of 2021-2100 period could increase by 1.6, 2.1 and 1.1 degrees C, respectively, the mean of annual total precipitation could decrease by 31.6, 42.9 and 30.2%, respectively over study region. Under these possible impacts, it is expected that the average net irrigation water demand and soil salinity will increase, water supply will decrease. Under these stressed conditions, it has to be changed cropping pattern of the basin.
