Yakubogullari, NilgunCoven, Furkan OzanCebi, NusinCoven, FethiyeCoven, NejdetGenc, RukanBedir, Erdal2023-01-122023-01-1220211045-10561095-8320https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.01.005https://hdl.handle.net/11454/76432Astragaloside VII (AST-VII), a major cycloartane saponin isolated from Turkish Astragalus species, turned out to be one of the most active metabolites demonstrating Th1/Th2 balanced immune response. As Quillaja saponins are extensively used in adjuvant systems, this study made an attempt to improve AST-VII based adjuvant systems by using different immunostimulatory/delivery agents (monophosphoryllipid A (MPL), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and squalene) and to induce cellular and humoral immune response against a viral vaccine. For this purpose, Newcastle Disease vaccine (NDV) was chosen as a model vaccine. Swiss albino mice were immunized subcutaneously with LaSota vaccines in the presence/absence of AST-VII or developed adjuvant systems. AST-VII administration both in live/inactivated LaSota vaccines induced neutralizing and NDV specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b antibodies response as well as IL-2 and IL-4 production. APS based delivery systems enhanced the production of neutralizing antibody and the minor augmentation of IFN-? and IL-2 levels. Squalene emulsion (SE) alone or combined with AST-VII were effective in NDV restimulated splenocyte proliferation. As a conclusion, AST-VII and AST-VII containing adjuvant systems demonstrated Th1/Th2 balanced antibody and cellular immune responses in NDV vaccines. Thus, these systems could be developed as vaccine adjuvants in viral vaccines as alternative to saponin-based adjuvants.en10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.01.005info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessVaccine adjuvantNatural productsTriterpenoid saponinAstragaloside VIIAstragalus polysaccharideNewcastle disease virusIn-VitroTriterpene GlycosidesSaponinsPolysaccharidesRootsQs-21Article702837WOS:00064244400000533608170Q4