Miranda T.Challenger M.Tezel B.T.Alaca O.F.Barišic A.Amaral V.Goulão M.Kardas G.2019-10-262019-10-26201997830302569200302-97430302-9743https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25693-7_4https://hdl.handle.net/11454/158016th International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems, EMAS 2018 -- 14 July 2018 through 15 July 2018 -- 228869Context: A significant effort has been devoted to the design and implementation of various domain-specific modeling languages (DSMLs) for the software agents domain. Problem: Language usability is often tackled in an ad-hoc way, with the collection of anecdotal evidence supporting the process. However, usability plays an important role in the productivity, learnability and, ultimately, in the adoption of a MAS DSML by agent developers. Method: In this chapter, we discuss how the principles of The “Physics” of Notations (PoN) can be applied to improve the visual notation of a MAS DSML, called SEA_ML and evaluate the result in terms of usability. Results: The evolved version of the language, SEA_ML++, was perceived as significantly improved in terms of icons comprehensibility, adequacy and usability, as a direct result of employing the principles of PoN. However, users were not significantly more efficient and effective with SEA_ML++, suggesting these 2 properties were not chiefly constrained by the identified shortcomings of the SEA_ML concrete syntax. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.en10.1007/978-3-030-25693-7_4info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessDomain specific modeling languageMulti-agent systemsPhysics of NotationsSEA_MLUsabilityConference Object11375 LNAI5575Q3