Alberici, IreneBayazit, Aysun KarabayDrozdz, DorotaEmre, SevincFischbach, MichelHarambat, JeromeJankauskiene, AugustinaLitwin, MieczyslawMir, SevgiMorello, WilliamPeco-Antic, AmiraSallay, PeterSever, LaleSimonetti, Giacomo D.Szczesniak, PrzemyslawTeixeira, AnaVidal, EnricoWuehl, ElkeMehls, OttoWeber, Lutz T.Schaefer, FranzMontini, Giovanni2019-10-272019-10-2720150340-61991432-1076https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-014-2459-3https://hdl.handle.net/11454/50441Knowledge of the distribution spectrum of causative organisms and their resistance patterns has become a core requirement for the rational and effective management of urinary tract infections. In the context of a prospective trial on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in infants with underling kidney malformations, we conducted an online survey among paediatric nephrologists on positive urine cultures (July 2010-June 2012) from both hospitalized and non-hospitalized infants under 24 months of age. We collected 4745 urine cultures (UCs) at 18 units in 10 European countries. Escherichia coli was the most frequent bacterium isolated from UCs; however, in 10/16 hospitals and in 6/15 community settings, E. coli was isolated in less than 50 % of the total positive UCs. Other bacterial strains were Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Proteus and Pseudomonas not only from hospital settings. E. coli showed a high resistance to amoxicillin and trimethoprim and variable to cephalosporin. Nitrofurantoin had a good rate of efficacy, with 11/16 hospitals and 11/14 community settings reporting a resistance lower than 5 %. Conclusion: E. coli is the most common organism causing UTIs in infants; however, other bacterial strains are frequently isolated. As a result, antibiotic prophylaxis should be more elastic and adaptable over time in order to guarantee maximum efficacy.en10.1007/s00431-014-2459-3info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessUrinary tract infectionAntibiotic resistanceInfantsEscherichia coliUrine cultureArticle1746783790WOS:00035490480000725428232Q1Q2