Asgary S.Çalışkan M.K.2019-10-262019-10-2620151735-74971735-7497https://doi.org/10.7508/iej.2015.03.015https://hdl.handle.net/11454/17325Vital pulp therapy (VPT) of permanent mature teeth is continuously ascertaining to be a more reliable endodontic treatment. The purpose of this case report was to describe successful VPT of a mature mandibular left first molar with concurrent hyperplastic pulpitis, internal root resorption and periradicular periodontitis in a 35-year-old male patient. After complete caries removal and access cavity preparation, the dental pulp was removed from the coronal third of the roots. To protect the remaining pulp, calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement was placed and adapted into the cavities; the tooth was then restored with amalgam. Six months after VPT, radiographic examination showed evidence of periradicular healing. Clinically, the tooth was functional without signs and symptoms of infection/inflammation. The successful outcome of this case suggests that diseased dental pulp (i.e. irreversible pulpitis) has the potential to heal after pulp protection with CEM biocement. © 2015 Iranian Association of Endodontics. All rights reserved.en10.7508/iej.2015.03.015info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessApical periodontitisCalcium-enriched mixtureEndodonticHyperplastic pulpitisIrreversible pulpitisPermanent teethPulp polypPulpotomyRoot resorptionVital pulp therapyArticle104284286Q3