Ruminantia from the middle Miocene of the Gra?anica coalmine (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina)

Five different ruminant taxa were found in the Gra?anica coal mine: the tragulid Dorcatherium vindebonense, a palaeomerycid (Palaeomerycidae gen. et sp. indet.), the giraffe Giraffokeryx sp., and the bovids ?Tethytragus sp. and Eotragus ?clavatus. The ruminant fauna fits well to an early middle to middle middle Miocene age and is typical for a locality of the mammal units MN5 or MN6. The assemblage shows Asian as well as European affinities, represents the westernmost occurrence of Giraffokeryx known so far, and confirms the role of the Balkan Peninsula as a corridor between the two continents. As the ruminant assemblage from Gra?anica is not abundant, palaeoecological considerations are only tentative, but the determined taxa point to a predominantly forested environment. © 2018, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.