Batı Anadolu'da zeytinlerde görülen meyve çürüklük etmenlerinin saptanması ve çürüklüklerin bazı kalite özelliklerine etkisi üzerinde araştırmalar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Zeytin, Türkiye de özellikle Ege Bölgesi çiftçisi için ekonomik önemi yüksek bir meyvedir. Son yıllarda, ortaya çıkan iklim değişiklikleri nedeniyle zeytinde bazı yeni hastalıkların varlığı bildirilmiştir. Bu tezde, zeytin meyve çürüklüğüne neden olan fungal patojenler araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 2011-2012 yıllarında Aydın, Balıkesir, Manisa, İzmir illerinden hastalıklı ve sağlıklı zeytin meyve örnekleri toplanmıştır. Toplanan bu meyve örneklerinden 254 adet patojen izolat elde edilmiştir. En yüksek sayıda patojen izolat (73 adet) Botryosphaeria spp., olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu türün dışında, 54 izolat Alternaria spp., 16 izolat Fusarium spp., 12 izolat Phoma spp., 11 izolat Colletotrichum spp., ve sekiz adet Trichothecium spp., teşhis edilmiştir. Diğerlerine göre daha az sayıda saptanan patojen izolatlar arasından; altı Aspergillus spp., iki Stemphylium spp., dört Penicillium spp., dört Ulocladium spp., bir Neofusicoccum parvum, bir Boeremia exiqua, bir Pestalotiopsis spp., ve bir Cladosporium spp izolatı teşhis edilmiştir. Ülkemizde zeytin meyvesinde çürüklüğe neden olan hastalık etmenlerinin tespiti ve bu hastalık etmenlerinin meyve ve yağ kriterlerini etkileyip etkilemediği bu proje ile ilk kez araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarının, Bakanlık tarafından oluşturulacak yeni düzenlemelere ve bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalara temel teşkil edeceği düşünülmektedir.
Olive farming has a high economic importance for farmers in both Aegean region and Turkey. In recent years, due to the recent changes in the climate, some new diseases have been reported in olive fruits. In this thesis, fungal pathogens causing olive fruit rot were identified. For this purpose, healthy and infected olive fruit samples were collected from the regions of Aydın, Balıkesir, Manisa and Izmir in the period of 2011-2012. A total of 254 pathogenic isolates were determined in the collected samples. The most common pathogen was the Botryosphaeria spp., as 73 genus. Apart from this species, 54 isolates from Alternaria spp., 16 isolates from Fusarium spp., 12 isolates from Phoma spp., 11 isolates from Colletotrichum spp., and 8 isolates from Trichothecium spp. were identified respectively. Of the pathogen isolates detected in the study, a smaller number of isolates such as; 6 isolates of Aspergillus spp., 2 isolates of Stemphylium spp., 4 isolates of Penicillium spp., 4 isolates of Ulocladium spp., 1 isolate of Neofusicoccum parvum, 1 isolate of Boeremia exiqua, 1 isolate of Pestalotiopsis spp., and 1 isolate of Cladosporium spp., pathogens were also identified. The study, which included the detection of pathogens that caused rot in the olive fruit and whether these pathogens affected the quality of fruit and olive oil was carried out for the first time in our country. It is believed that the results of this research will form the basis for the new regulations to be made by the Ministry and the research to be done thereafter.
Olive farming has a high economic importance for farmers in both Aegean region and Turkey. In recent years, due to the recent changes in the climate, some new diseases have been reported in olive fruits. In this thesis, fungal pathogens causing olive fruit rot were identified. For this purpose, healthy and infected olive fruit samples were collected from the regions of Aydın, Balıkesir, Manisa and Izmir in the period of 2011-2012. A total of 254 pathogenic isolates were determined in the collected samples. The most common pathogen was the Botryosphaeria spp., as 73 genus. Apart from this species, 54 isolates from Alternaria spp., 16 isolates from Fusarium spp., 12 isolates from Phoma spp., 11 isolates from Colletotrichum spp., and 8 isolates from Trichothecium spp. were identified respectively. Of the pathogen isolates detected in the study, a smaller number of isolates such as; 6 isolates of Aspergillus spp., 2 isolates of Stemphylium spp., 4 isolates of Penicillium spp., 4 isolates of Ulocladium spp., 1 isolate of Neofusicoccum parvum, 1 isolate of Boeremia exiqua, 1 isolate of Pestalotiopsis spp., and 1 isolate of Cladosporium spp., pathogens were also identified. The study, which included the detection of pathogens that caused rot in the olive fruit and whether these pathogens affected the quality of fruit and olive oil was carried out for the first time in our country. It is believed that the results of this research will form the basis for the new regulations to be made by the Ministry and the research to be done thereafter.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Zeytin Meyve Çürüklüğü, Botryosphaeria Spp., Colletotrichum Spp., Alternaria Spp., Phoma Spp., Olive Fruit Rot
