Kadınlarda Covid-19 korkusunun sağlık arama davranışları ve pap smear yaptırmaya etkisi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı 21-65 yaş arası kadınlarda Covid-19 korkusunun sağlık arama davranışları ve pap smear yaptırmaya etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma Haziran- Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında web ortamında online olarak yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama amacıyla Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Kovid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği ve Sağlık Arama Davranışı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama formları Google Formlar üzerinden online oluşturularak Facebook, Instagram ve Whatsapp üzerinden kadınlara iletilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 21-65 yaş arası, geçmişte ya da halen cinsel yönden aktif, Türkçe okuyan ve anlayan, internet erişimi olan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 396 kadın oluşturmuştur. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, "Bağımsız Örneklem t testi", "Tek yönlü varyans analizi", "Post- Hoc Bonferroni testi" "Ki kare testi" uygulanmış olup oluşturulmuş modeller sonucunda basit ve lojistik regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmada yer alan kadınların yaş ortalaması 37.03±9.01 yıl olup %58,8'i üniversite ve üzeri eğitime sahip, %92.2'si evli ve %51.3'ü herhangi bir işte çalışmamaktadır. Kadınların Kovid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği puan ortalaması 18.53 ±6.28, Sağlık Arama Davranışı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 3.21±0.77 olarak saptanmıştır. Pandemi döneminde kadınların sadece %11.1'inin pap smear yaptırdığı, yaptırmayanların %8.0'inin Covid-19 korkusu nedeniyle yaptırmadığı saptanmıştır. Pandemi döneminde pap smear testi yaptırma ile kadınların yaşadıkları bölge, jinekolojik hastalık varlığı, düzenli jinekolojik muayene, pandemi döneminde jinekolojik sorun yaşama ve daha önce pap smear testi yaptırma değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Sağlık Arama Davranışı ise yaş, eğitim, çalışma, sosyal güvence, gebelik yaşama ve pandemi döneminde jinekolojik muayene olma durumlarına göre istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermiştir. Regresyon analizinde Covid-19 korkusunun online sağlık arama davranışı (t=7.915, p<0.05), profesyonel sağlık arama davranışı (t=4.503, p<0.05), geleneksel sağlık arama davranışı (t=6.037, p<0.05) ve genel sağlık arama davranışı üzerinde (t=8.390, p<0.05) anlamlı ve pozitif yönde bir etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Kovid-19 Korkusunun pap smear yaptırma üzerinde regresyon analizi sonucu istatistiksel olarak etkili olmadığı (p>0.05) saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Covid-19 döneminde düzenli jinekolojik muayeneye gitmeme, jinekolojik sorun yaşandığında doktora gitmeme ve pap smear testi yaptırmama nedenleri arasında Covid-19 korkusu bulunmaktadır. Kadınların Covid-19 korkusunun sağlık arama davranışı üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olduğu ancak pap smear testi yaptırma üzerine anlamlı etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Pandemi döneminde kadınların Covid-19 korkusu nedeni ile sağlık arama davranışlarının ve pap smear yaptırma durumları değerlendirilmeli ve gerekli danışmanlık hizmetleri sağlanmalıdır.
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of fear of Covid-19 on health seeking behaviors and pap smear test in women between the ages of 21-65. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out online in Web environment between June and September 2021. Individual Identification Form, Covid-19 Fear Scale and Health Seeking Behavior Scale were used for data collection. Data collection forms were created online by way of Google Forms, and the women were reached by way of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. The sample of the research consisted of a total of 396 women aged 21-65, who sexually active in the past or currently, read and understand Turkish, have internet access and volunteer to participate in the research. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, “Independent Sample t-test”, “One-way analysis of variance”, “Post-Hoc Bonferroni test” and “Chi-square test” were applied in the evaluation of the data, and as a result of the models created, simple and logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The mean age of the women participating in the study was 37.03±9.01 and 58,8% of them had university or higher education, 92.2% were married and 51.3% were not working in any job. Women's Kovid-19 Fear Scale mean score was 18.53 ±6.28, and Health Seeking Behavior Scale mean score was 3.21 ± 0.77. It was determined that only 11.1% of women had pap smears during the pandemic period, and 8.0% of those who did not have it because of fear of Covid-19. It has been determined that there is a statistically significant relationship between the variables of having a pap smear test during the pandemic period and the region where women live, the presence of gynecological diseases, regular gynecological examination, having gynecological problems during the pandemic period and having a previous pap smear test. Health Seeking Behavior, on the other hand, showed statistical differences according to age, education, employment, social security, pregnancy and gynecological examination during the pandemic period. In the regression analysis, it was determined that the fear of Covid-19 had a significant and positive effect on online health seeking (t=7.915, p<0.05), health professional health seeking (t=4.503, p<0.05), traditional health seeking (t=6.037, p<0.05) and seeking behavior (t=8.390, p<0.05). As a result of regression analysis, it was determined that fear of Covid-19 was not statistically effective (p>0.05) on having pap smears. Conclusion: It was determined that the fear of Covid-19 is among the reasons for not going to regular gynecological examinations, not going to the doctor when there is a gynecological problem and not having a pap smear test during the Covid-19 period. It was found that women's fear of Covid-19 had a significant effect on health-seeking behavior, but had no significant effect on having a pap smear test. During the pandemic period, health-seeking behaviors and pap smear status of women should be evaluated due to the fear of Covid-19, and necessary counseling services should be provided.
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of fear of Covid-19 on health seeking behaviors and pap smear test in women between the ages of 21-65. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out online in Web environment between June and September 2021. Individual Identification Form, Covid-19 Fear Scale and Health Seeking Behavior Scale were used for data collection. Data collection forms were created online by way of Google Forms, and the women were reached by way of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. The sample of the research consisted of a total of 396 women aged 21-65, who sexually active in the past or currently, read and understand Turkish, have internet access and volunteer to participate in the research. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, “Independent Sample t-test”, “One-way analysis of variance”, “Post-Hoc Bonferroni test” and “Chi-square test” were applied in the evaluation of the data, and as a result of the models created, simple and logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The mean age of the women participating in the study was 37.03±9.01 and 58,8% of them had university or higher education, 92.2% were married and 51.3% were not working in any job. Women's Kovid-19 Fear Scale mean score was 18.53 ±6.28, and Health Seeking Behavior Scale mean score was 3.21 ± 0.77. It was determined that only 11.1% of women had pap smears during the pandemic period, and 8.0% of those who did not have it because of fear of Covid-19. It has been determined that there is a statistically significant relationship between the variables of having a pap smear test during the pandemic period and the region where women live, the presence of gynecological diseases, regular gynecological examination, having gynecological problems during the pandemic period and having a previous pap smear test. Health Seeking Behavior, on the other hand, showed statistical differences according to age, education, employment, social security, pregnancy and gynecological examination during the pandemic period. In the regression analysis, it was determined that the fear of Covid-19 had a significant and positive effect on online health seeking (t=7.915, p<0.05), health professional health seeking (t=4.503, p<0.05), traditional health seeking (t=6.037, p<0.05) and seeking behavior (t=8.390, p<0.05). As a result of regression analysis, it was determined that fear of Covid-19 was not statistically effective (p>0.05) on having pap smears. Conclusion: It was determined that the fear of Covid-19 is among the reasons for not going to regular gynecological examinations, not going to the doctor when there is a gynecological problem and not having a pap smear test during the Covid-19 period. It was found that women's fear of Covid-19 had a significant effect on health-seeking behavior, but had no significant effect on having a pap smear test. During the pandemic period, health-seeking behaviors and pap smear status of women should be evaluated due to the fear of Covid-19, and necessary counseling services should be provided.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Covid-19, Korku, Sağlık Arama Davranışı, Pap Smear, Covid-19, Fear, Health Seeking Behaviour, Pap Smear
