(n, alfa) reaksiyonu ve karşılaştırma metodunun kullanılmasıyla Yatağan-Eskihisar kömüründe hidrojen tayini
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1990
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
ÖZET Karşılaştırma metotu veya genel olarak aktivasyon analizi, karışık bir madde, uygun bir nötron kaynağı veya parçacık hızlandırıcılarında üretilen nötron veya protonlarla ışınlandığında, materyaldeki mevcut atomlar bunları bombardıman eden parçacığın tabiatına bağlı olarak aynı elementin farklı izotoplarına veya farklı elementlerin izotoplarına dönüştürüleceği ilkesine dayanır. Bir çok durumda oluşan izotoplar radyoaktiftir. Işınlama ile oluşan her bir farklı radyoaktif madde, diğer tüm radyoaktif maddelerden ayırt edilebilirse, bu taktirde her bir radyoaktivitenin miktarı materyalde mevcut ana izotopların niceliğinin bir ölçüsü olacaktır. Bu çalışmada 15 enerji grubu için Cf-252 kaynağının şiddeti, bu enerji aralıklarında BF3'nin verimleri, kömür içinde termal nötron dağılımları, karşılaştırma metotunun matematiksel ifadesi ve bu metotla hidrojen tayini, diğer analitik metotlarla karşılaştırılması ve çeşitli, uygulama yerleri gibi hususlar incelenmiştir. Karşılaştırma materyali için özelliklerini çok iyi bildiğimiz saf NaHCO3 kullanılmıştır. Işınlama iki o aşamada yapılmıştır, önce kömür, etüvde 105 C de 1,5 saat kurutulmuş ve daha sonra içine B
SUMMARY Comparative method of activation analysis genarally is based on the principle that when a material is irradiated by nuclear particles produced in suitable source or particle accelators, some of the atoms present in the material will interact with the bombarding particles and will be converted into different isotopes of the same elements or isotopes of different elements depending on the nature of the bombarding particles. In many cases, the isotopes produced are radioactive. If each different induced radioactive element can be distinguished or seperated from all other radioctive elements produced, the amount of each radioactivity is a measure of the quantity of the parent isotope present in the mater ial. In this study, intensity of Cf-H52 source for 15 energy groups, efficiencies of BF3 for these energies, thermal neutron distribution in the coal, mathematical description of the comparative method and analysis of the hydrogen by this method, comparison with other analytical methods and sevaral application fields etc., have been investigated. Pure NaHCOg, whose specifications are very well known, has been used for the comparative material. Irradiation were done in two steps. Firstly, coal were 61dried for one and a half hours at 105°C in oven and then 8^ grams of NaHC03 were added in it. The sample was irradiated with neutrons from Cf-25£ for 86000 seconds real time. Spectra accumulated were investigated at the interval 0-4-, 5 MeV by using a Personel Computer Analyser and as a result of this investigation, Al +Si at 1778 keV, CI at 1951, 3F keV, 1953,3° keV, 1957, 5F keV, H at 2223,1^ keV and S at 2378 keV are observed as seen in the Figure-17 respectively. By using comparative method, the peak areas belonging 1 £ to the gamma rays coming out from the reaction H (n,"tf)H, hydrogen percentage amount in the coal sample was measured as 5,^130 'A. The error in the determination of the hydrogen concentration which came out only from the gamma peak areas of the hydrogen in the dry coal with and without NaHCÛ3, was calculated to be 0,0055 '/.. 68
SUMMARY Comparative method of activation analysis genarally is based on the principle that when a material is irradiated by nuclear particles produced in suitable source or particle accelators, some of the atoms present in the material will interact with the bombarding particles and will be converted into different isotopes of the same elements or isotopes of different elements depending on the nature of the bombarding particles. In many cases, the isotopes produced are radioactive. If each different induced radioactive element can be distinguished or seperated from all other radioctive elements produced, the amount of each radioactivity is a measure of the quantity of the parent isotope present in the mater ial. In this study, intensity of Cf-H52 source for 15 energy groups, efficiencies of BF3 for these energies, thermal neutron distribution in the coal, mathematical description of the comparative method and analysis of the hydrogen by this method, comparison with other analytical methods and sevaral application fields etc., have been investigated. Pure NaHCOg, whose specifications are very well known, has been used for the comparative material. Irradiation were done in two steps. Firstly, coal were 61dried for one and a half hours at 105°C in oven and then 8^ grams of NaHC03 were added in it. The sample was irradiated with neutrons from Cf-25£ for 86000 seconds real time. Spectra accumulated were investigated at the interval 0-4-, 5 MeV by using a Personel Computer Analyser and as a result of this investigation, Al +Si at 1778 keV, CI at 1951, 3F keV, 1953,3° keV, 1957, 5F keV, H at 2223,1^ keV and S at 2378 keV are observed as seen in the Figure-17 respectively. By using comparative method, the peak areas belonging 1 £ to the gamma rays coming out from the reaction H (n,"tf)H, hydrogen percentage amount in the coal sample was measured as 5,^130 'A. The error in the determination of the hydrogen concentration which came out only from the gamma peak areas of the hydrogen in the dry coal with and without NaHCÛ3, was calculated to be 0,0055 '/.. 68
Açıklama
Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fizik ve Fizik Mühendisliği, Physics and Physics Engineering, Hidrojen, Hydrogen, Karşılaştırma yöntemi, Comparative method, Kömür, Coal, Muğla-Yatağan, Muğla-Yatağan, Nötron reaksiyonları, Neutron reactions
