Üniversitenin kentsel gelişmedeki etkisi: Muğla örneği
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Günümüzde üniversiteler, eğitim işlevlerinin yanı sıra kentlerin ekonomik gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Üniversiteler, kuruldukları yerde ekonomik, mekânsal ve toplumsal ilişkilerde ortaya çıkardığı dönüşümlerle kentlerin gelişmesinde anahtar kurumlardan birisi olarak görülmektedir. Kapitalizmin mekânsal yansımasından biri olan kentler, sermayenin birikim mekânıdır. Kentsel gelişme, kentsel yapılı çevrenin sürekli dönüşmesi ile oluşmuş ve kapitalizmin içinde bulunduğu krizden çıkış için önemli bir olgu haline gelmiştir. Bu çerçevede kentler için üniversiteler, bulundukları yerde kapitalist gelişimin sağlanmasında başat aktör konumunda olmuştur. Özellikle küçük-orta ölçekli kentlerde üniversitenin kent üzerinde ortaya çıkardığı dönüşümler çarpıcı olmaktadır.
Muğla’nın kentsel gelişiminde üniversitenin etkisini inceleyen bu çalışmada, nüfus yapısı, kentin alansal gelişmesi ve konut piyasası üzerinden değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın mekânsal ölçeğini ise, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesinin ana yerleşkesinin bulunduğu Muğla kent merkezi oluşturmaktadır. Çünkü üniversitenin öğrenci sayılarının yerleşkelere göre dağılımını incelediğimizde öğrenci nüfusunun büyük çoğunluğunun kent merkezinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, üniversitenin Muğla kent nüfusunun üniversitenin kurulmasından artışlar yaşandığını ancak elimizde bulunan verilerin eksikliğinden dolayı bunun üniversitenin doğrudan etkisi olduğu saptanamamıştır. Diğer taraftan kentin alansal büyümesindeki tarihsel arka planı incelediğimizde, üniversitenin doğrudan etkisinin görüldüğünü söylemek mümkündür. Bu açıdan kentte yeni mahalleler ortaya çıkmış, köy fonksiyonuna sahip olan yerleşmelerin kentsel fonksiyonlar edindiği görülmüştür. Bununla ilişkili olarak da kentin konut piyasası değerlendirdiğimizde, üniversitenin etkisi ile konut piyasasında niceliksel olarak artış yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda üniversite nüfusunun talebinin, konut piyasasını niteliksel anlamda da dönüştürdüğü görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak üniversitenin Muğla’nın kentsel gelişiminde başat bir rol oynadığını söylemek mümkündür.
Universities play a significant role in urban economic development and their education functions. Universities are accepted as one of the key institutions in the development of cities with the transformations they bring in the economic, space, and social relations in which they are established. Cities, the smallest spatial reflection of capitalism, are the space for capital to accumulate. Urban development has been shaped by the continuous transformation of the built urban environment and has become an important phenomenon to emerge from the crisis of capitalism. In this context, the cities' universities were the main actors to ensure capitalist development in their location. In particular, in small and medium-sized towns, the changes made by the university in the city are striking. In this study, which examines the effect of the university on the urban development of Muğla, the population structure, the city’s spatial development, and the housing market is evaluated. The spatial scale of the study is the downtown of Muğla, where the main campus of Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University is located. Because when we examine the distribution of the number of students of the university, according to the campuses, it has been determined that the majority of the student population is in the city center. As a result of the evaluations, it has not been determined that the Muğla city population of the university has increased since the establishment of the university, but due to the lack of data we have, it has not been determined that this is a direct effect of the university. On the other hand, when we examine the historical background in the spatial growth of the city, it is possible to say that the direct effect of the university is seen. In this regard, new neighborhoods emerged in the city, and it was seen that settlements with village functions gained urban functions. In that regard, when we were assessing the city's housing market, it was determined that there was a quantitative increase in the housing market with the university effect. At the same time, it was observed that demand from the academic population transformed the housing market in a qualitative sense. The university thus plays a key role in the urban development of Muğla.
Universities play a significant role in urban economic development and their education functions. Universities are accepted as one of the key institutions in the development of cities with the transformations they bring in the economic, space, and social relations in which they are established. Cities, the smallest spatial reflection of capitalism, are the space for capital to accumulate. Urban development has been shaped by the continuous transformation of the built urban environment and has become an important phenomenon to emerge from the crisis of capitalism. In this context, the cities' universities were the main actors to ensure capitalist development in their location. In particular, in small and medium-sized towns, the changes made by the university in the city are striking. In this study, which examines the effect of the university on the urban development of Muğla, the population structure, the city’s spatial development, and the housing market is evaluated. The spatial scale of the study is the downtown of Muğla, where the main campus of Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University is located. Because when we examine the distribution of the number of students of the university, according to the campuses, it has been determined that the majority of the student population is in the city center. As a result of the evaluations, it has not been determined that the Muğla city population of the university has increased since the establishment of the university, but due to the lack of data we have, it has not been determined that this is a direct effect of the university. On the other hand, when we examine the historical background in the spatial growth of the city, it is possible to say that the direct effect of the university is seen. In this regard, new neighborhoods emerged in the city, and it was seen that settlements with village functions gained urban functions. In that regard, when we were assessing the city's housing market, it was determined that there was a quantitative increase in the housing market with the university effect. At the same time, it was observed that demand from the academic population transformed the housing market in a qualitative sense. The university thus plays a key role in the urban development of Muğla.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Muğla, Kentsel Gelişme, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Muğla, Urban Development, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University
