Patateste kahverengi çürüklük hastalığı etmeni Ralstonia solanacearum'un endofitik bakterilerle biyolojik mücadele olanaklarının araştırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.) bitkisinin en önemli patojenlerinden biri patateste kahverengi çürüklük hastalığına neden olan ve ülkemizde sınırlı olarak bulunan Ralstonia solanacearum'dur. Karantina etmeni olan ve kimyasal mücadelesi bulunmayan patojenin mücadelesinde, yasal ve kültürel önlemler uygulanmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında; R. solanacearum'un biyolojik mücadelesinde bitki gelişimini artıran endofitik bakterilerden yararlanma olanaklarının ve etkili bulunan endofitlerin bitki içinde kolonizasyonunun araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, İzmir İli Ödemiş, Kiraz, Tire, Dikili, Beydağ ilçeleri ile Balıkesir İli Ayvalık İlçesi Altınova'daki patates üretim alanlarından çiçeklenme dönemindeki sağlıklı patates bitkilerinden örnekler toplanmış ve endofitik bakteriler izole edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu endofitler ile in vitro biyokontrol ve bitki gelişimine etki testleri uygulanmıştır. In vitro testlerde etkililik bakımından en yüksek değeri alan endofitik bakteri izolatları in vivo koşullarda R. solanacearum'a ve bitki gelişimine etki testleri için seçilmiştir. In vivo biyokontrol testleri sonucunda, en etkili olan üç izolat, sadece patojen inokule edilmiş bitkilere oranla, R. solanacearum'u %70-91 oranında engellemiştir. Bitki içinde kolonize olabilen bu endofitler, sadece patojen uygulanmış bitkilere oranla bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlığını da artırmıştır. Söz konusu endofitik bakteri izolatları 16S rRNA gen dizisi ve sekans analizleri ile Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans ve Chryseobacterium sp. olarak tanılanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda R. solanacearum'a karşı antagonistik etki gösteren ve bitki gelişimini arttıran endofitik bakteriler elde edilmiş ve etkin mücadelesi olmayan bu bakteriyel patojene karşı alternatif bir çözüm ortaya konulmuştur
One of the most important pathogens of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of brown rot disease of potatoes and is limited in our country. Legal and cultural measures are applied to control of the pathogen, which is a quarantine microorganism and does not have chemical measure. In this thesis; it was aimed to investigate the biological control possibilities of R. solanacearum using endophytic bacteria, which are increased the plant growth and the colonization of effective ones within the plant tissues. For this purpose, the healthy potato plant samples in the flowering period were collected from the potato production areas in İzmir province Ödemiş, Kiraz, Tire, Dikili, Beydağ districts and Balıkesir province Ayvalık district Altınova, and endophytic bacteria were isolated. In vitro biocontrol and plant growth effect tests were performed with these endophytes. Endophytic bacteria isolates, which received the highest scores in terms of effectiveness for in vitro test results, were screened for in vivo biocontrol tests of R. solanacearum and plant growth promotion. According to in vivo biocontrol test results, the three most effective isolates inhibited the Rs symptom development at the rate of 69.84-90.74% compared to pathogen alone treatment. These endophytes, found to colonize within the plant tissues, have also increased the plant fresh and dried weight, compared to pathogen alone treatment. These endophytic bacteria strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans and Chryseobacterium sp. on the basis of sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene. As a result of the study, endophytic bacteria showed antagonistic effects against R. solanacearum and increased the plant growth were obtained, and an alternative solution was presented against this bacterial pathogen, which does not have an effective control measure.
One of the most important pathogens of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of brown rot disease of potatoes and is limited in our country. Legal and cultural measures are applied to control of the pathogen, which is a quarantine microorganism and does not have chemical measure. In this thesis; it was aimed to investigate the biological control possibilities of R. solanacearum using endophytic bacteria, which are increased the plant growth and the colonization of effective ones within the plant tissues. For this purpose, the healthy potato plant samples in the flowering period were collected from the potato production areas in İzmir province Ödemiş, Kiraz, Tire, Dikili, Beydağ districts and Balıkesir province Ayvalık district Altınova, and endophytic bacteria were isolated. In vitro biocontrol and plant growth effect tests were performed with these endophytes. Endophytic bacteria isolates, which received the highest scores in terms of effectiveness for in vitro test results, were screened for in vivo biocontrol tests of R. solanacearum and plant growth promotion. According to in vivo biocontrol test results, the three most effective isolates inhibited the Rs symptom development at the rate of 69.84-90.74% compared to pathogen alone treatment. These endophytes, found to colonize within the plant tissues, have also increased the plant fresh and dried weight, compared to pathogen alone treatment. These endophytic bacteria strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans and Chryseobacterium sp. on the basis of sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene. As a result of the study, endophytic bacteria showed antagonistic effects against R. solanacearum and increased the plant growth were obtained, and an alternative solution was presented against this bacterial pathogen, which does not have an effective control measure.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture