Effects of tobacco smoking and gender on interhemispheric cognitive function: performance and confidence measures
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1997
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Rapid Science Publishers
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Cognitive function in tasks involving interhemispheric processing of verbal and spatial information was studied in 31 college students in a 2X2 factorial design with chronic smoking status [smoker (10+ cigarettes per day) versus non-smoker (no history of smoking)] and gender as the main between-subject factors. The subjects participated in two sessions on two consecutive days. The same task was repeated within the same session with a IS min interval: smokers were tested before and after smoking whereas non-smokers rested during the interval. Dependent behavioral variables included those of performance (speed and accuracy) and confidence (low rate of non-responding), The verbal task yielded an expected female advantage, and smoking had the gender-specific effect of increasing both speed and accuracy more clearly in males. In addition, smoking decreased the rate of mon-responding (increase confidence) in women, thereby affecting preferred strategies for problem solving by shirting the female pattern towards the male pattern. The spatial task, which probably involved a more perceptual, rather than cognitive, level of functioning, produced no clear effects of smoking and gender, and yielded some laterality effects. The acute within-subject smoking manipulation wherein, among smokers, the first test mas preceded by 10+ h of deprivation, whereas the second repeated task was preceded by the smoking of a cigarette (i.e. deprivation followed by partial release) did not affect the behavioral measures. In conclusion, smoking had a gender-specific effect on cognitive function: it improved the performance of males in a verbal task and increased the subjective confidence of females thereby affecting the preferred cognitive strategies for problem solving.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
accuracy, cognitive function, confidence, gender, human, interhemispheric processing, nicotine, reaction time, sex differences, smoking
Kaynak
Behavioural Pharmacology
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
N/A
Cilt
8
Sayı
5
