Stochastic optimization energy and reserve scheduling model application for alaçatı, Turkey

Stochastic programming is a popular method that is used to model systems that contain a high level of uncertainty. This paper presents a new model for energy and reserve scheduling for microgrid systems using stochastic programming to optimize the energy and reserve planning in order to minimize the operational costs of a microgrid structure with renewable energy resources. Purchased power from the main grid and demand response programs are used for both energy and reserve scheduling. Uncertainties related to renewable energy generation, day-ahead market prices as well as costs related to unbalanced energy are considered and integrated into the model via scenarios. The model is formulated as a two-stage stochastic linear programming problem, solved using the L-shaped method, subjected to a numerical analysis and compared with a deterministic scheduling and a no-reserve approach in order to emphasize its efficiency. The results of the optimization show that 9.448 kW's of the total 14.300 kW DSR bid is accepted by the operator and 4.254 kW (45% of total) is used as direct energy purchase while the rest 5.194 kW is used as stand by reserve. When the results of deterministic and stochastic models are considered, 70% of all realization outcomes of the stochastic model yielded lower costs when compared to both the deterministic and no-reserve approaches. Stochastic planning cost is %5 lower than deterministic planning across all realization outcomes. The proposed model has clear economic advantages, which can be translated into the energy sector. © 2021 The Authors