Bir üniversite hastanesi yoğun bakım hemşirelerinde duygusal emek ve örgütsel stres ile ilişkili faktörler
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışmakta olan yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin duygusal emek ve örgütsel stres kaynaklarını belirleyerek ilişkili faktörleri tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte planlanan çalışma, hastanenin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışmakta olan 226 hemşire ile tamamlanmıştır. Kapsayıcılık % 80,4'dür. Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması yapılmış olan Doetinchem Örgütsel Stres Anketi (VOS-D) ve Duygusal Emek Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Michigan Stres Modeli'ne göre hazırlanan VOS-D ölçeğinde örgütsel stres kaynaklarından stresörler, sosyal değişkenler ve psikolojik gerginlikler başlıkları incelenmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenler sosyodemografik, sağlık durumu ve alışkanlıklara ilişkin ve çalışma koşullarına ilişkin değişkenler olmak üzere üç grupta incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Yoğun bakımlarda hemşirelerin örgütsel stres kaynaklarından aşırı iş yükü, sorumluluk ve görev çatışması öne çıkmaktadır. Duygusal emek davranışlarından en fazla derinlemesine eyleme başvurmaktadırlar. Çalışma grubundaki hemşirelerin % 86,3'ünün 36 yaşın altında, yarısının evli, üçte birinin çocuk sahibi olduğu bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerin çoğunluğunun lisans mezunu, yaklaşık üçte birinde kronik hastalık olduğu, dörtte birinin düzenli sigara içtiği ve sekizde birinin haftada alkol tükettiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma koşullarına bakıldığında, ortalama 7,5 yıldır çalıştıkları ve yaklaşık yarısının çalışma yaşamının ilk beş yılında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hemşirelerin üçte biri sadece gece vardiyasında çalışmaktadır. Son bir yılda hemşirelerin % 16,4'ü iş kazası geçirmiştir. Örgütsel stresörlere bakıldığında aşırı iş yükü alt ölçeğinde kadın, cerrahi ve erişkin anabilim dallarında çalışan ve son bir yılda iş kazası geçiren hemşirelerin puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Sorumluluk alt ölçeğinde 37 yaş ve üzerinde, iki çocuk sahibi, meslekte uzun süredir çalışan, ayda 182 saat ve yedi nöbetten az çalışan, erişkin anabilim dalında, sağlık sorunu nedeniyle işe devamsızlığı olan hemşirelerin puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. İşin gerekliliğine inanmada eksiklik alt ölçeğinde ayda 182 saatten fazla çalışan, düzenli sigara içen, haftalık alkol kullanan hemşirelerin puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Duygusal emek alt boyutlarının hiçbirisinde bağımsız değişkenlerle anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Sosyal değişkenler incelendiğinde hem şef destek eksikliği, hem iş arkadaşlarının destek eksikliği alt ölçeklerinde son bir yılda iş kazası geçiren, cerrahi ve erişkin anabilim dallarında, sadece gece çalışan, sağlık sorunu nedeniyle işe devamsızlığı olan hemşirelerin puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışanların örgütsel stres düzeyleri; stresörler, sosyal değişkenler ve psikolojik gerginlikler boyutlarının hepsinde orta düzeyde bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerin yoğun bakımlarda örgütsel stres kaynaklarından aşırı iş yükü, sorumluluk ve görev çatışması öne çıkmaktadır. Duygusal emek alt boyutlarından derinlemesine eyleme en fazla, sahte duygulara en az başvurdukları bulunmuştur.
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the factors related to emotional labor and organizational stress in the changing health conditions of intensive care nurses working in a university hospital. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was completed with 226 nurses working in the intensive care units of the hospital. Inclusion is 80.4% in the study. The Doetinchem Organizational Stress Questionnaire (VOS-D) and Emotional Labor Scale, which was conducted for validity and reliability in Turkish, were used. Stressors, social variables and psychological tensions were examined from organizational stress sources on VOS-D scale prepared according to Michigan Stress Model. The variables related to sociodemographic, health status and habits and working conditions were examined as independent variables. Results: Organizational stress sources of nurses in intensive care units are listed as workload, responsibility and conflict of duties. They apply the most in-depth action of emotional labor behavior. 86.3% of the nurses in the study group were under thirty-six years old, half of them were married and one third had children. It was seen that the majority of the nurses has undergraduate education, approximately one third of the study group had chronic illness, one quarter were regular smokers and one eighth consumed alcohol per week. When the working conditions of the nurses in the study group were examined, it was found that they had worked for an average of 7.5 years and about half of them were in the first five years of their working life. One third of the nurses work only on the night shift. In the last year, 16.4% of the nurses had an occupational injury. When the organizational stressors were examined, it was found that the mean score of nurses working in women, surgery and adult departments who had occupational injury in the last year in the workload subscale was significantly higher. In the responsibility subscale, the mean score of nurses who were 37 years and older, having two children, working for a long time in the profession, working 182 hours and less than seven nightshifts per month,working in adult departments and having absent due to health problems were found to be significantly higher. In the subscale of lack of belief in the necessity of the job, the average score of the nurses who work more than 182 hours a month, who smoke regularly and who use alcohol weekly is found to be significantly higher. No significant relationship was found with independent variables in any of the emotional labor sub-dimensions. When the social variables were examined, it was found that the average score of the nurses who had only work at night, in surgery and adult departments, who had occupational injury in the last year and who were absent due to health problems was significantly higher in both the lack of chief support and the lack of support of colleagues in the subscale. Conclusion: Organizational stress levels of employees; Stressors, social variables and psychological stresses were moderate in all dimensions. Organizational stress sources of nurses in intensive care units are listed as workload, responsibility and conflict of duties. Among the sub-dimensions of emotional labor, it was found that they applied the most to in-depth action and least to the fake emotions.
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the factors related to emotional labor and organizational stress in the changing health conditions of intensive care nurses working in a university hospital. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was completed with 226 nurses working in the intensive care units of the hospital. Inclusion is 80.4% in the study. The Doetinchem Organizational Stress Questionnaire (VOS-D) and Emotional Labor Scale, which was conducted for validity and reliability in Turkish, were used. Stressors, social variables and psychological tensions were examined from organizational stress sources on VOS-D scale prepared according to Michigan Stress Model. The variables related to sociodemographic, health status and habits and working conditions were examined as independent variables. Results: Organizational stress sources of nurses in intensive care units are listed as workload, responsibility and conflict of duties. They apply the most in-depth action of emotional labor behavior. 86.3% of the nurses in the study group were under thirty-six years old, half of them were married and one third had children. It was seen that the majority of the nurses has undergraduate education, approximately one third of the study group had chronic illness, one quarter were regular smokers and one eighth consumed alcohol per week. When the working conditions of the nurses in the study group were examined, it was found that they had worked for an average of 7.5 years and about half of them were in the first five years of their working life. One third of the nurses work only on the night shift. In the last year, 16.4% of the nurses had an occupational injury. When the organizational stressors were examined, it was found that the mean score of nurses working in women, surgery and adult departments who had occupational injury in the last year in the workload subscale was significantly higher. In the responsibility subscale, the mean score of nurses who were 37 years and older, having two children, working for a long time in the profession, working 182 hours and less than seven nightshifts per month,working in adult departments and having absent due to health problems were found to be significantly higher. In the subscale of lack of belief in the necessity of the job, the average score of the nurses who work more than 182 hours a month, who smoke regularly and who use alcohol weekly is found to be significantly higher. No significant relationship was found with independent variables in any of the emotional labor sub-dimensions. When the social variables were examined, it was found that the average score of the nurses who had only work at night, in surgery and adult departments, who had occupational injury in the last year and who were absent due to health problems was significantly higher in both the lack of chief support and the lack of support of colleagues in the subscale. Conclusion: Organizational stress levels of employees; Stressors, social variables and psychological stresses were moderate in all dimensions. Organizational stress sources of nurses in intensive care units are listed as workload, responsibility and conflict of duties. Among the sub-dimensions of emotional labor, it was found that they applied the most to in-depth action and least to the fake emotions.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hemşire, Yoğun Bakım, Örgütsel Stres, Duygusal Emek, Nurse, Intensive Care, Organizational Stress, Emotional Labor