THE JUGS UNCOVERED IN THE COVERING AND WALL SYSTEM OF THE ULU MOSQUE OF MANISA
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
E.U. Printing And Publishing House
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
The restoration works in the Ulu (Grand) Mosque Complex (Kulliye) of Manisa that commenced in 2019, yielded a number of novelties. The jugs that were used in the architectural structure of the building in particular, provide significant data regarding the properties of the jugs as well as the area they were used. The jugs located in the covering system and the northern wall of the prayer hall (harim) are remarkable not only for being used as construction elements but also for their shapes and decorative features. The coverings of the northeastern courtyard arcades of the Mosque were removed due to problems, revealing jugs among the vaults. From top to bottom, the original covering of the mosque was made up of a layer of firm soil, mortared foundation, and jugs arranged side by side and upright, with their mouths facing downward. Jugs/pipes/amphorae were used in the covering systems, as testified by examples since early times, especially for reducing the pressure applied on the buildings. The jugs used in the covering system of the Ulu Mosque serve the same purpose. Jugs were also discovered in the northern wall of the Mosque's prayer hall. These are disorderly arranged on the entire wall surface, with a concentration on the pediments of the arches, where they are orderly arranged. Generally, the jugs are arranged with their bottoms facing the interior of the prayer hall, and almost all have broken bottoms. The order and arrangement of these jugs suggest that they were used for reducing the load of the wall, as is the case of the covering, rather than for acoustic or resonance purposes. All of the jugs used in the covering system have red fabrics and are unglazed. They are mainly ovoid-shaped, with single, double or no handles, and some are equipped with strainers. All specimens have similar body shapes but differ in the applications on the neck. A decoration of thin grooves is applied on the body and neck of the entire examples. Gilding is also applied. All of the jugs, produced as common ware, are flawed. According to its inscription, the Ulu Mosque was commissioned by Ishak Celebi of the Sarukhanids in 1366 and was built by the architect Emet bin Osman. The employment of earthenware materials such as jugs/amphorae by the architect who followed a longknown method for reducing the load indicates that he was experienced in such resolutions. Analogous applications are observed in the Gulgun Hatun Baths in Manisa, built around the same time. The covering resolutions, the use of jugs for reducing the load of the covering system and the preference for flawed material suggest that both constructions were built by the same architect. It is very likely that Emet bin Osman who apparently worked at the service of this dynasty also constructed the Gulgun Hatun Baths.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Unglazed jugs, reducing the pressure, flawed ceramics, acoustic, Architecture of Principalities Era
Kaynak
Sanat Tarihi Dergisi-Journal Of Art History
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
30
Sayı
1
