Manisa ilinde Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera;Noctudiae)'nun biyolojisi ve populasyon değişimine etki eden bazı biyotik faktörler üzerine araştırmalar
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1998
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
ÖZET MANİSA İLİNDE Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)'NIN BİYOLOJİSİ VE POPULASYON DEĞİŞİMİNE ETKİ EDEN BAZI BİYOTİK FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNDE ARAŞTIRMALAR KOÇLU, Türkan Doktora Tezi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü Tez Yöneticisi; Doç. Dr. Yusuf KARSAVURAN 1998, sayfa Bu çalışma 1995-1997 yıllan arasında Manisa ilinde yürütülmüştür. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)'nın biyolojisi ve populasyon düzeyi ile ilgili olan çalışmalar tamamen doğa koşullarında araştırılmıştır. Populas yon değişimine etki eden bazı biyotik faktörlerle ilgili olan kısmı ise doğada ve laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda; H. armigera'nın Manisa ilinde yılda 4-5 döl verdiği saptanmıştır. Populasyon düzeyi ile ilgili çalışma larda yumurta ve larva populasyonunun ilerleyen döllerde artması gerekirken giderek düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Zararlının populasyonunun düşmesinde doğal düşmanların etkili olduğu, konukçu bitki domates olduğu zaman parazitoitlerin daha etkili, konukçu bitki pamuk olduğun da ise predatörlerin daha etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. H. armigera'nın 4 tür yumurta parazitoiti belirlenmiş olup domates tarlalarında yürütülen çalışmalarda; yumurta parazitlerime oranı 1995 yılında %25.39, 1996 yılında % 15.62 bulunmuştur. Pamuk tarlalarında ise bu oran; 1995 yılında %3.13, 1996 yılında %0.24 olarak saptanmıştır. H. armigera'nın domates tarlalarında, 1995 yılında 8 tür larva parazitoiti, 1996 yılında 2 tür larva parazitoiti belirlenmiştir. Larva parazitoitleri ve hastalık etmenleri nedeniyle larva ölüm oranı; 1995 yılında %79.36, 1996 yılında %76.51 olarak saptanmıştır. Bu oran içindeVI larva parazitoitlerinin payı; 1995 yılında %32.27, 1996 yılında %50.86 olmuştur. Çalışmalar sırasında; H. armigera' nın 13 tür predatörü saptanmış olup, pamuk tarlalarında zararlı populasyonunun kontrol altına alınma sında en önemli biyotik faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir. H. armigera'nın konukçusu olarak 16 bitki türü saptanmıştır. Bu bitki türlerinden 2'si Dünya'da ilk kez H. armigera'nın konukçusu olarak bu çalışmada belirlenmiştir. H. armigera bireyleri, konukçusu olan tüm bitkiler generatif dönemdeyken saptanmıştır. Laboratuvarda 26±1°C sıcaklık, %70±5 oransal nem ve 16 saat aydınlak 8 saat karanlık fotoperyotun sağlandığı koşullarda biber, domates, pamuk ve tütünle beslenen H. armigera bireylerinde; gelişme süreleri, pupa ağırlığı ve ölüm oranlan saptanmıştır. Çalışmalar sonucun da pamuk ve domates bitkilerinin biber ve tütüne göre daha uygun besinler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak, H. armigera'nın belirtilen gelişme parametreleri üzerine besinlerin etkileri istatistiki açıdan %95 olasılıkla farklı bulunmuştur. Anahtar sözcükler: Helicoverpa armigera, biyoloji, yararlılar, besinler
VII ABSTRACT INVESTIGATIONS ON SOME BIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE BIOLOGY AND POPULATION TREND OF THE Helicoverpa Armigera (Hiibner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) IN MANİSA PROVINCE KOÇLU, Türkan Ph.D. Thesis; Plant Protection Department Supervisor: Doç. Dr. Yusuf KARS A VURAN 1998, pages This study was carried out between the years 1995-1997 in Manisa. Biology and population levels of the Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) were completed in field conditions whereas biotic factors affecting the population trends were carried out under laboratory conditions. Biological studies showed that H. armigera produced 4-5 genera tions a year. Studies regarding the population levels performed that the egg and larvae populations of the pest gradually decreased in subsequent generations in a contrary manner as expected. This decreasing was the result of the efficiency of the natural enemies on the pest. The parasites were more efficient than the predators when the host plant was tomato and vice-versa when the host plant was cotton. Four species of egg parasitoids of the H. armigera were found and the parasitation rates were found to be 25.39% and 15.62% on tomato fields in 1995 and 1996 respectively. This rate, in cotton fields, was 3.13% in 1995 and 0.24% in 1996. As for the larvae parasitoid eight species in 1995, and two species in 1996 were found in tomato fields. Larval mortality caused by these parasitoids as well as diseases was determined to be 79.36% and 76.51% in 1995 and 1996 respectively in which the share of the parasitation in these ratios were 32.27% and 50.86%. Thirteen predators of the pestVIII which were determined during the studies, were found to be the most important biotic factor to suppress the populations of the pest in cotton fields. Among the sixteen plants which were determined to be the host of the pest during the studies, two of them were the new record for the world. The individuals of the pest were found in all host plants when they were generative stage. Development period, pupal weight and mortality rates of the H. armigera individuals which were fed on pepper, tomato, cotton and tobacco, were determined under the conditions of 26-l°C, 70% relative humidity and 16 hours lightness in the laboratory. As for the result of this study, cotton and tomato were found to be the more appropriate food source as compared with pepper and tobacco. However, the effectiveness of these food source on the parameters mentioned above were statistically significant (p:0.05). Key words: Helicoverpa armigera, biology, beneficials, food sources.
VII ABSTRACT INVESTIGATIONS ON SOME BIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE BIOLOGY AND POPULATION TREND OF THE Helicoverpa Armigera (Hiibner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) IN MANİSA PROVINCE KOÇLU, Türkan Ph.D. Thesis; Plant Protection Department Supervisor: Doç. Dr. Yusuf KARS A VURAN 1998, pages This study was carried out between the years 1995-1997 in Manisa. Biology and population levels of the Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) were completed in field conditions whereas biotic factors affecting the population trends were carried out under laboratory conditions. Biological studies showed that H. armigera produced 4-5 genera tions a year. Studies regarding the population levels performed that the egg and larvae populations of the pest gradually decreased in subsequent generations in a contrary manner as expected. This decreasing was the result of the efficiency of the natural enemies on the pest. The parasites were more efficient than the predators when the host plant was tomato and vice-versa when the host plant was cotton. Four species of egg parasitoids of the H. armigera were found and the parasitation rates were found to be 25.39% and 15.62% on tomato fields in 1995 and 1996 respectively. This rate, in cotton fields, was 3.13% in 1995 and 0.24% in 1996. As for the larvae parasitoid eight species in 1995, and two species in 1996 were found in tomato fields. Larval mortality caused by these parasitoids as well as diseases was determined to be 79.36% and 76.51% in 1995 and 1996 respectively in which the share of the parasitation in these ratios were 32.27% and 50.86%. Thirteen predators of the pestVIII which were determined during the studies, were found to be the most important biotic factor to suppress the populations of the pest in cotton fields. Among the sixteen plants which were determined to be the host of the pest during the studies, two of them were the new record for the world. The individuals of the pest were found in all host plants when they were generative stage. Development period, pupal weight and mortality rates of the H. armigera individuals which were fed on pepper, tomato, cotton and tobacco, were determined under the conditions of 26-l°C, 70% relative humidity and 16 hours lightness in the laboratory. As for the result of this study, cotton and tomato were found to be the more appropriate food source as compared with pepper and tobacco. However, the effectiveness of these food source on the parameters mentioned above were statistically significant (p:0.05). Key words: Helicoverpa armigera, biology, beneficials, food sources.
Açıklama
Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa armigera, Manisa, Manisa, Popülasyon, Population, Pul kanatlılar, Moths and butterflies, Yeşil kurt, Fruitworm
