zmir İli Ödemiş İlçesinde Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği Üyesi İşletmelerde Sığırların Barındırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ödemiş’te bulunan İzmir Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği (DSYB) üyesi işletmelerde sığırların barındırma koşullarını saptamaktır. Bu amaçla Birlik üyeleri arasından oransal örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş 92 işletme, inek sayılarına göre 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. İnek sayıları 1., 2. ve 3. gruptaki işletmeler için sırasıyla, 5-20; 21-40 ve 41+ baş olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, incelenen işletmelerdeki ahırların örtülülük derecesi bakımından %8,7’sinin kapalı, %15,2’sinin yarı kapalı ve %76,1’inin sundurmalı tipte olduğunu göstermiştir. Sağmal ahırların %6,5’i toprak, %19,6’sı beton ve %73,9’u beton + toprak zemine sahiptir. İnek başına düşen ahır alanı 1., 2. ve 3. grup işletmeler için sırasıyla 22,2 m2 ; 19,5 m2 ; 18,2 m2 ’dir. Ahırların tam kapasite kullanılması durumunda inek başına 12,5 ile 15 m2 arasında alan düşmektedir. Ancak, incelenen işletmelerin hiçbiri mevcut ahır kapasitelerini tam olarak kullanamamıştır. Ahır kullanım kapasiteleri %55 ile %80 arasında değişmiştir. Yetiştiricilerin %19,6’sı buzağılarını bireysel bölmelerde barındırmış, %82,6’sı ahırlarını gece aydınlatmış ve %64,1’i yoğun yem deposuna sahiptir. İşletmelerin hepsinde inekler sağım makinaları ile sağılmaktadır. Sağım sistemleri içinde en yaygın olanı seyyar kovalı (%47,8) sistem olup, bunu vakum hatlı sistem (%37) ve sağımhane (%15,2) takip etmektedir. İşletmelerin hiç birisinde gübre çukuru bulunmamaktadır. Sürü büyüklüğünün artması ile işletmelerde daha fazla oranda serbest ahırın, doğum bölmesinin, yem deposunun ve süt soğutma tankının bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak sürülerin büyümesi ile barındırmayla ilgili özelliklerde iyileşmelerin olduğu söylenebilir.
The objective of this study was to determine barning conditions of dairy farms registered to Cattle Breeders Association (CBA) Ödemiş district of İzmir. The 92 farms were selected among members of the CBA by proportional sampling method. The farms were divided into three groups according to the number of cattle: group 1 from 5 to 20, group 2 from 21 to 40 and group 3 with over 41 heads, respectively. The farms were divided into three groups according to the number of cattle: 5-20; 21-40 and over 41 heads, respectively. The research results indicated that 76.1% of the barns were shed type, 15.2% were corral, 8.7% were completely closed-up. The flooring types of these barns were a mixed of concrete and soil (73.9%), concrete (19.6%) and soil (6.5%). The stocking density for group 1, 2 and 3 were 22.2 m2 , 19.5 m2 and 18.2 m2 per cow, respectively. The barns had a range of full cattle capacity from 12.5 m2 to 15 m2 per cow. But none of the farms surveyed did not use fully capacity of the barn. The present running capacity of farms were between 55% and 80%. It was observed that 19.6% of farms had a individual calf section, 82.6% had a night lighting at the barn, and 64.1% had a seperate concenrated feed store. All the farms were milked with milking machines. The percentage of farms with bucked milking machine was 47.8%, those with an air pipeline system was 37% and those with parlour system was 15.2%. None of farms had manure pit. Consequently, as herd size grow, the presence of free barn, calving pen, feed store and milk cooling tank increase. It can be concluded that improving the housing conditions is much more related with increasing the herd size per farm.
The objective of this study was to determine barning conditions of dairy farms registered to Cattle Breeders Association (CBA) Ödemiş district of İzmir. The 92 farms were selected among members of the CBA by proportional sampling method. The farms were divided into three groups according to the number of cattle: group 1 from 5 to 20, group 2 from 21 to 40 and group 3 with over 41 heads, respectively. The farms were divided into three groups according to the number of cattle: 5-20; 21-40 and over 41 heads, respectively. The research results indicated that 76.1% of the barns were shed type, 15.2% were corral, 8.7% were completely closed-up. The flooring types of these barns were a mixed of concrete and soil (73.9%), concrete (19.6%) and soil (6.5%). The stocking density for group 1, 2 and 3 were 22.2 m2 , 19.5 m2 and 18.2 m2 per cow, respectively. The barns had a range of full cattle capacity from 12.5 m2 to 15 m2 per cow. But none of the farms surveyed did not use fully capacity of the barn. The present running capacity of farms were between 55% and 80%. It was observed that 19.6% of farms had a individual calf section, 82.6% had a night lighting at the barn, and 64.1% had a seperate concenrated feed store. All the farms were milked with milking machines. The percentage of farms with bucked milking machine was 47.8%, those with an air pipeline system was 37% and those with parlour system was 15.2%. None of farms had manure pit. Consequently, as herd size grow, the presence of free barn, calving pen, feed store and milk cooling tank increase. It can be concluded that improving the housing conditions is much more related with increasing the herd size per farm.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gıda Bilimi ve Teknolojisi, Ziraat, Ortak Disiplinler
Kaynak
Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
3
Sayı
5
