Environmental Mycobiotechnology in Special Reference to Fungal Bioremediation

The fungi are the dominant biomass living in soil and aqueous systems. Thus are suitable candidates for the biological remediation of these environments. These organisms have the biochemical capacity to decompose environmental organic chemicals and reduce the risk related to radionuclides, metals, and metalloids by chemical modification or by affecting chemical bioavailability. First of all, we describe the metabolic and ecological characteristics that make fungi suitable for use in biological and waste treatment processes and discuss potential of their application based on these forces. Nanobioremediation is a newly emerging technique for the treatment of pollutants using biosynthetic nanoparticles. When it comes to the synthesis of nanoparticles, which has become an important application area of nanotechnology, fungi secrete a wide variety of proteins used in the synthesis of a large number of nanoparticles. This review also focuses on nanoparticles obtained from fungi emerging as nano-factories and their use in bioremediation. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.