Edmund Burke'ün politika felsefesinde muhafazakârlık
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Edmund Burke muhafazakar düşüncenin kurucu figürlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmanın hedefi onun politika kavrayışının, genelde muhafazakar düşünceye atfedilen ve değişime topyekün karşı çıkan statükocu ve tepkisel bir yaklaşımdan oldukça farklı ve özgün unsurlara sahip olduğunu açığa çıkarmak ve böylelikle onun doğal hak, mülkiyet, özgürlük ve demokrasi üzerine görüşlerinin, modernite eleştirilerinin damgasını vurduğu günümüz politika felsefesi tartışmalarına halen katkıda bulunabilir olduğunu savunmaktadır.
Tezde, Bu hedefi gerçekleştirmenin Burke’ün politik kavrayışının öncelikle aydınlanma dönemine dair temel bir inceleme çerçevesine yerleştirilmesiyle mümkün olduğu görüşünden hareket edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla Burke’ün politika felsefesinin değerlendirilmesinden önce, Hume’un akıl eleştiricisi ve Rousseau’nun aydınlanma eleştirisi aracılığıyla onun politika anlayışının epistomolojik dayanakları açığa çıkarılmış ve bu yaklaşımın onu nasıl pathos temelli bir politika kavrayışına götürdüğü gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Son olarak, Burka’ün Fransa’daki Devrim Üzerine Düşünceler eserinin odağa, alındığı bir tartışmadan hareketle, onun aydınlanma eleştirilerine uygun bir şekilde, pratik ve uygulanabilir somut değişimleri politik sorunlara politik sorunlara çözüm olarak öne sürdüğü ileri sürülmüştür. Böylelikle, onun özgün politik kavrayışının ve muhafazakar yaklaşımının çağdaş politika tartışmalarına katkıda bulunabileceği özlü bir şekilde savunulmuştur.
Edmund Burke is one of the founding figures of conservative thought. The aim of this study is to reveal that Edmund Burke's political thought has very different and original elements that differ from status quo and a reactive approach that is generally ascribed to conservative thought that is usually understood to be opposing change altogether, thus to argue that his views on natural right, ownership, liberty and democracy are still able to contribute to contemporary political debates shaped by a critique of modernity. It was argued that the realization of this goal is only possible when the political understanding of Burke was first put into a basic discussion frame on the Enlightenment period. Accordingly, before evaluating Burke's political philosophy through Hume's critique of intellect and Rousseau's critique of Enlightenment, the epistemological foundations of his understanding of politics were elucidated and how this approach led him to a pathos-based policy conception is tried to show. Finally, based on a discussion of Burke's Reflections on Revolution in France, it is argued that, in accordance with the critiques of Enlightenment, he presents practical, viable and tangible changes as solutions to political problems. Thus, in a concise way, it is argued that Burke's original political thoughts and conservative approach have a lot to offer to contemporary political debates.
Edmund Burke is one of the founding figures of conservative thought. The aim of this study is to reveal that Edmund Burke's political thought has very different and original elements that differ from status quo and a reactive approach that is generally ascribed to conservative thought that is usually understood to be opposing change altogether, thus to argue that his views on natural right, ownership, liberty and democracy are still able to contribute to contemporary political debates shaped by a critique of modernity. It was argued that the realization of this goal is only possible when the political understanding of Burke was first put into a basic discussion frame on the Enlightenment period. Accordingly, before evaluating Burke's political philosophy through Hume's critique of intellect and Rousseau's critique of Enlightenment, the epistemological foundations of his understanding of politics were elucidated and how this approach led him to a pathos-based policy conception is tried to show. Finally, based on a discussion of Burke's Reflections on Revolution in France, it is argued that, in accordance with the critiques of Enlightenment, he presents practical, viable and tangible changes as solutions to political problems. Thus, in a concise way, it is argued that Burke's original political thoughts and conservative approach have a lot to offer to contemporary political debates.
