Yerel kök bakterilerinin domates genotiplerinde kuraklık stresine etkileri
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Tarih
2021
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Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü’ne ait serada 2020 yılında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın amacı ülkemizde farklı illerde yetiştirilen domates bitkilerinden izole edilen yerel kök bakterilerinin Ulusal Gen Bankası’ndan temin edilen 2 yerel domates genotipinde kuraklık stresine etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Deneme, (1) genotip (97: TR70707 ve 117: TR71378), (2) sulama (tam sulama, kısıtlı sulama) ve (3) kök bakterisi (KB-: kontrol, 113: Bacillus megaterium isolate NUC ve 377: Bacillus cereus strain BBS7) olmak üzere 3 faktörlü düzenlenmiştir. Kök bakterisi inokulasyonu tohum bakterizasyonu şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve tohum ekimi 23 Temmuz 2020’de torf ile doldurulan çok gözlü fide tepsilerine yapılmıştır. Fideler 4-5 gerçek yaprağa ulaştığında (21 Ağustos 2020) seraya alınarak perlit ile doldurulan saksılara dikilmiştir. Bitkilerin besin ve su ihtiyacı damla sulama sistemi ile verilen besin çözeltisi ile karşılanmıştır. Sulamalar (besin çözeltisi uygulaması) bitkilerin su tüketimleri her gün izlenerek, su tüketiminin %100 (tam sulama, kontrol) ve %50’si (kısıtlı sulama, kuraklık) karşılanacak şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dikimden itibaren 14 gün tüm deneme parsellerine eşit miktarda, su tüketiminin %100’ü kadar su uygulanmıştır. Yetiştiriciliğe 130 gün devam edilmiştir.
Kuraklık uygulamasının bitki gelişimini, yaprak klorofil ve karotenoid içeriğini, verimi, meyve iriliğini ve su kullanım etkinliğini azalttığı, meyve kalitesini ise artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Kuraklık stresi altındaki bitkilerin yapraklarında prolin konsantrasyonu ile süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), askorbat peroksidaz (APX), glutatyon redüktaz (GR) enzim aktiviteleri ve lipid peroksidasyon (LPO) seviyesi artmıştır. KB inokulasyonunun bitki gelişimini, yaprak klorofil değerleri ve karotenoid içeriğini, prolin içeriğini artırdığı saptanmıştır. Kuraklık stresi altında KB inokulasyonu SOD, CAT, APX ve GR enzim aktivitelerinde artışa; LPO seviyesinde azalışa neden olmuştur. Morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal analizler TR70707’nin TR71378’e kıyasla kurağa daha tolerant olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, kuraklık stresinde kontrole kıyasla pazarlanabilir verim TR70707’de %53.6, TR71378’de %55.1 oranında azalmıştır. KB inokulasyonunun domates yetiştiriciliğinde kuraklık stresinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
The aim of this study, which was carried out in 2020 in the greenhouse of Horticultural Department of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, was to determine the effects of native rhizobacteria (RB) strains isolated from the tomato plants grown in different provinces in Turkey on drought tolerances of tomato genotypes provided from National Gene Bank in Izmir. The experiment was arranged to compare 3 factors: (1) genotype (97: TR70707 and 117: TR71378), (2) irrigation (100% ETc -crop evapotranspiration- and 50% ETc) and (3) rhizobacteria (RB-: control, 113: Bacillus megaterium isolate NUC, 377: Bacillus cereus strain BBS7). RB inoculation was carried out as seed bacterization and seed sowing was done into peat on July 23 2020. The seedlings at 4-5 true leaves stage were transplanted in perlite filled containers in the greenhouse on August 21 2020. Nutrient solution was used to cover the nutrient and water requirements of the plants and given by drip irrigation system. The volume of water was determined according to ETc measured daily for a pot in each genotype*irrigation*RB treatment. The first 2 weeks after planting, same amount of water (100% ETc) was applied to the plots both in full dose and deficit irrigation. Plant growing lasted 130 days. It was determined that drought stress decreased plant growth, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content, yield, fruit size and water use efficiency, on the other hand increased fruit quality. The amount of proline and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level increased in the leaves of the plants under drought stress. It was determined that RB inoculation increased plant growth, leaf chlorophyll values and carotenoid content and proline content. RB inoculation under drought stress gave rise to increase in SOD, CAT, APX and GR enzyme activities, whereas decrease in LPO level. Morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis showed that TR70707 was more tolerant to drought compared to TR71378. However, in drought stress compared to control, marketable yield decreased by 53.6% in TR70707 and 55.1% in TR71378. It was concluded that RB inoculation was effective in reducing the negative effects of drought stress in tomato cultivation.
The aim of this study, which was carried out in 2020 in the greenhouse of Horticultural Department of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, was to determine the effects of native rhizobacteria (RB) strains isolated from the tomato plants grown in different provinces in Turkey on drought tolerances of tomato genotypes provided from National Gene Bank in Izmir. The experiment was arranged to compare 3 factors: (1) genotype (97: TR70707 and 117: TR71378), (2) irrigation (100% ETc -crop evapotranspiration- and 50% ETc) and (3) rhizobacteria (RB-: control, 113: Bacillus megaterium isolate NUC, 377: Bacillus cereus strain BBS7). RB inoculation was carried out as seed bacterization and seed sowing was done into peat on July 23 2020. The seedlings at 4-5 true leaves stage were transplanted in perlite filled containers in the greenhouse on August 21 2020. Nutrient solution was used to cover the nutrient and water requirements of the plants and given by drip irrigation system. The volume of water was determined according to ETc measured daily for a pot in each genotype*irrigation*RB treatment. The first 2 weeks after planting, same amount of water (100% ETc) was applied to the plots both in full dose and deficit irrigation. Plant growing lasted 130 days. It was determined that drought stress decreased plant growth, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content, yield, fruit size and water use efficiency, on the other hand increased fruit quality. The amount of proline and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level increased in the leaves of the plants under drought stress. It was determined that RB inoculation increased plant growth, leaf chlorophyll values and carotenoid content and proline content. RB inoculation under drought stress gave rise to increase in SOD, CAT, APX and GR enzyme activities, whereas decrease in LPO level. Morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis showed that TR70707 was more tolerant to drought compared to TR71378. However, in drought stress compared to control, marketable yield decreased by 53.6% in TR70707 and 55.1% in TR71378. It was concluded that RB inoculation was effective in reducing the negative effects of drought stress in tomato cultivation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Su Stresi, PGPR, Domates, Bitki Gelişimi, Fizyolojik Özellikler, Antioksidatif Enzim Aktivitesi, Verim, Meyve Kalitesi, Water Stress, PGPR, Tomato, Plant Growth, Physiological Characteristics, Antioxydative Enzymes, Yield, Fruit Quality
