Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-Based Nanomedicine Applications in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Nanomedicine is a branch of nanotechnology that includes the development of nanostructures and nanoanalytical systems for various medical applications. The rapid development of nanomedicine offers new possibilities in cancer diagnosis and treatment. New therapeutic strategies in cancer research using nanoparticles are being developed in order to improve the specificity and efficacy of drug delivery, thus reaching maximal effectiveness with minimal side effects. Due to its selective overexpression in prostate cancer (PCa), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been recognized as a highly promising target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review provides an update on the PSMA-based nanomedicine applications in PCa.