Kazak şâir Şákárim ve şiirleri üzerine bir inceleme
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında doğan Şákárim Qudayberdiuly, Kazak millî edebiyatının temsilcileri arasında yer almakta ve Kazak ulusal kimliğini yansıtmakta en ön sıralarda bulunmaktadır. Kazak ve Türk Dünyası edebiyatları için önemli bir şahsiyet olan Şákárim’in önemini kavrayabilmek amacıyla bir çalışma yapmaya karar verdik.
Çalışmamızda Şákárim’in toplamda yüz yirmi beş şiirini Türkiye Türkçesine aktardık ve çeşitli açılardan incelemesini yaptık. Şiirleri incelerken Şákárim’in ansiklopedik kişiliğine ve engin entelektüel birikimine şahit olduk.
Giriş kısmında Şákárim’in hayatı, onun üzerine Kazakistan ve Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalar, edebî şahsiyeti, dili ve üslubunu inceleyip, eserlerinin muhtevasından bahsettik.
“Şákárim’in Şiirlerinin İncelemesi” başlıklı birinci bölümün alt başlığı “Din”dir. Burada, Şákárim’in din ve tasavvufu şiirlerinde nasıl işlediğini ortaya koyduk. Din, iman, Kur’ân, peygamber kavramlarının şiirde nasıl yer aldığını örneklerle gösterdik.
İkinci alt başlık “Toplum”dur. Başlık altında yerli ve yabancı tarihî, efsânevî kahramanlar, şâirler Dede Korkut, Naduluşe, Nuşirevan, Hâfız-ı Şirazî, Fuzulî, Tolstoy vb. inceledik. Yine bu başlıkta resmî yayınlar olan gazete ve dergilere yer verilmiş, giyim kuşam adları, yemek, silah isimlerini irdeledik.
Üçüncü alt başlık “İnsan”dır. Burada sevgili, sevgilinin dış görünüşü, saçı, kaşı, kirpikleri, boyu, sevgili karşısında aşığın durumu vs. Şákárim’in gözünden anlattık.
Bu bölümün son alt başlığı “Tabiat”tır. Hayvanın değerini bilen Kazaklar deveyi saltanat; atı övünç; ineği kanaat ve koyunu da hazine olarak değerlendirip, büyük ve küçükbaş hayvanlara “Tórt túlik” adı vermiştir. Bu başlık altında at, koyun, kurt, tilki, aslan, oğlak, kartal, laçın, çalı kuşu gibi hayvanlara ve çeşitli bitkilere Şákárim’in bakış açısını yansıttık.
Born in the second half of the 19th century, Shakarim Qudayberdiuly is among the representatives of Kazakh national literature and at the forefront in reflecting the Kazakh national identity. I have decided to make a study in order to understand the importance of Shakarim, who is an important figure for the Kazakh and also Turkish world literatures. In my study, I have translated one hundred and twenty-five poems of Shakarim into Turkish and examined them from various aspects. Analyzing his poems, I witnessed Shakarim's encyclopedic personality and vast intellectual potential. In the introduction, I examined Shakarim's life, researches on his works in Kazakhstan and Turkey, his literary personality, language and style. The contents of his works were mentioned too. The first chapter of my study is divided into numbers of subtitles. The first sub-title, titled as “Review of Shakarim’s Poems”, is “Religion”. Here, I have revealed how Shakarim elaborated “religion” and “sufism” in his poems. I have shown with examples how the concepts of religion, faith, the Koran and the prophet were used in his poems. The second sub-title is “Society”. Under this title, I have went over local, foreign, historical and legendary heroes, and poets like Dede Korkut, Nadulushe, Nushirevan, Hafiz-ı Shirazi, Fuzuli, Tolstoy etc. Besides, under this title, such official publications as newspapers and magazines were included, the names of apparel and arms were examined. The third sub-title is “Human”. Here I narrated according to Shakarim’s view the lover, lover's appearance, hair, eyebrow, eyelashes, height, beloved versus enamoured, etc. The last sub-title of this chapter is “Nature”. Kazakhs who know the value of the animal; camel as a sultanate, horse as a boast, cow as an abstemiousness and sheep as a treasure, and large and small animals called “Tórt túlik”. Under this heading, I have reflected Shakarim's perspective on animals such as horse, sheep, wolf, fox, lion, capricorn, eagle, lachin, bush bird and various plants.
Born in the second half of the 19th century, Shakarim Qudayberdiuly is among the representatives of Kazakh national literature and at the forefront in reflecting the Kazakh national identity. I have decided to make a study in order to understand the importance of Shakarim, who is an important figure for the Kazakh and also Turkish world literatures. In my study, I have translated one hundred and twenty-five poems of Shakarim into Turkish and examined them from various aspects. Analyzing his poems, I witnessed Shakarim's encyclopedic personality and vast intellectual potential. In the introduction, I examined Shakarim's life, researches on his works in Kazakhstan and Turkey, his literary personality, language and style. The contents of his works were mentioned too. The first chapter of my study is divided into numbers of subtitles. The first sub-title, titled as “Review of Shakarim’s Poems”, is “Religion”. Here, I have revealed how Shakarim elaborated “religion” and “sufism” in his poems. I have shown with examples how the concepts of religion, faith, the Koran and the prophet were used in his poems. The second sub-title is “Society”. Under this title, I have went over local, foreign, historical and legendary heroes, and poets like Dede Korkut, Nadulushe, Nushirevan, Hafiz-ı Shirazi, Fuzuli, Tolstoy etc. Besides, under this title, such official publications as newspapers and magazines were included, the names of apparel and arms were examined. The third sub-title is “Human”. Here I narrated according to Shakarim’s view the lover, lover's appearance, hair, eyebrow, eyelashes, height, beloved versus enamoured, etc. The last sub-title of this chapter is “Nature”. Kazakhs who know the value of the animal; camel as a sultanate, horse as a boast, cow as an abstemiousness and sheep as a treasure, and large and small animals called “Tórt túlik”. Under this heading, I have reflected Shakarim's perspective on animals such as horse, sheep, wolf, fox, lion, capricorn, eagle, lachin, bush bird and various plants.
