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Öğe Abnormal white matter integrity and impairment of cognitive abilities in adolescent inhalant abusers(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Yuncu, Zeki; Zorlu, Nabi; Saatcioglu, Hozan; Basay, Burge; Basay, Omer; Zorlu, Pelin Kurtgoz; Kitis, Omer; Gelal, FazilInhalant abuse represents a major health problem especially among adolescents and young adults. However, less is known about white matter (WM) microstructure in adolescent inhalant abusers. In the present study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study WM changes in adolescent inhalant abusers compared with healthy controls. We also tested whether there was any relationship between WM integrity and neuropsychological measures in adolescent inhalant abusers. The study included 19 adolescent inhalant abusers and 19 healthy control subjects. Whole brain analysis of WM microstructure was performed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to detect abnormal WM regions between groups. Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) and Stroop test were used to measure neuropsychological performance. We found that adolescent inhalant abuser group had significantly higher axial diffusivity (AD) values in left parietal, occipital and temporal WM than in healthy control group. Inhalant abuser and control groups did not differ significantly on fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) values. Adolescent inhalant abusers showed worse performance when compared with control group in WCST and Stroop test. There was no significant correlation of AD values in significant clusters with neuropsychological test performances within the two groups. We only found discrete impairments in neuropsychological test performance and WM integrity in adolescent inhalant abusers compared with healthy control subjects and we were not able to demonstrate a direct correlation between WM alterations and neurocognitive performance. Future work is required to longitudinally evaluate brain abnormalities through methods assessing brain structure, function and connectivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Cortical Thickness and Subcortical Volumes in Adolescent Synthetic Cannabinoid Users with or Without ADHD: a Preliminary Study(2019) Çolak, Çiğdem; Çelik, Zehra Çakmak; Zorlu, Nabi; Kitiş, Ömer; Yüncü, ZekiIntroduction: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have become increasingly popular in the last few years, especially among adolescents. Given Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is over represented in patients with substance use across adolescents compared to the general population, the current study aims were two-fold: i) examine cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volumes in SC users compared to controls, ii) examine the influence of ADHD on cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volumes in SC users. Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 28 SC users (15 without ADHD and 13 with ADHD combined type) and 13 controls. Results: We found that SC users both with and without ADHD groups have significantly reduced cortical thickness compared to controls in areas of the left caudal middle frontal and left superior frontal. in addition, SC users with ADHD also showed reduced cortical thickness in the right precentral and postcentral gyruses. We also found increased right nucleus accumbens volume in SC users without ADHD, but not with ADHD, compared to controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that similar to cannabis use, SC use has also negative effects on brain morphology and comorbidity of ADHD and substance dependence may show different cortical thickness and subcortical volume alterations than substance use alone.Öğe Depresif alkol bağımlılarında mirtazapin ve amitriptilinin karşılaştırılması(Ege Üniversitesi, 2006) Zorlu, Nabi; Coşkunol, Hakan[Abstarct Not Available]Öğe Obesity among patients with mood disorders(Blackwell Publishing, 2006) Akdeniz, Fisun; Bilen, Nesli K.; Zorlu, Nabi; Arik, Deniz; Vahip, Simavi; Cam, Aysegul; Gonul, Ali S.Öğe Resting state functional connectivity in adolescent synthetic cannabinoid users with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(Wiley, 2021) Yuncu, Zeki; Cakmak Celik, Zehra; Colak, Cigdem; Thapa, Tribikram; Fornito, Alex; Bora, Emre; Zorlu, NabiObjective Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have become increasingly popular in recent years, especially among adolescents. The first aim of the current study was to examine resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in SC users compared to controls. Our second aim was to examine the influence of comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology on rsFC changes in SC users compared to controls. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis included 25 SC users (14 without ADHD and 11 with ADHD combined type) and 12 control subjects. Results We found (i) higher rsFC between the default mode network (DMN) and salience network, dorsal attention network and cingulo-opercular network, and (ii) lower rsFC within the DMN and between the DMN and visual network in SC users compared to controls. There were no significant differences between SC users with ADHD and controls, nor were there any significant differences between SC users with and without ADHD. Conclusions We found the first evidence of abnormalities within and between resting state networks in adolescent SC users without ADHD. in contrast, SC users with ADHD showed no differences compared to controls. These results suggest that comorbidity of ADHD and substance dependence may show different rsFC alterations than substance use alone.Öğe Structural connectivity in adolescent synthetic cannabinoid users with and without ADHD(Springer, 2020) Celik, Zehra Cakmak; Colak, Cigdem; Di Biase, Maria A.; Zalesky, Andrew; Zorlu, Nabi; Bora, Emre; Yuncu, ZekiSynthetic cannabinoids (SC) have become increasingly popular in the last few years, especially among adolescents. Given ADHD is overrepresented in patients with substance use across adolescents compared to the general population, the current study aims were two-fold: i) examine structural brain network topology in SC users compared to healthy controls and, ii) examine the influence of ADHD on network topology in SC users. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 27 SC users (14 without ADHD and 13 with ADHD combined type) and 13 controls. Structural networks were examined using network-based statistic and connectomic analysis. We found that SC users without ADHD had significantly weaker connectivity compared to controls in bilateral hemispheres, most notably in edges connecting the left parietal and occipital regions. in contrast, SC users with ADHD showed stronger structural connectivity compared to controls. in addition, adolescent SC users with ADHD, but not without ADHD, displayed reduced network organization, indicated by lower clustering coefficient and modularity, suggesting that poor structural network segregation and preserved structural network integration. These results suggest that comorbidity of ADHD and substance dependence may show different structural connectivity alterations than substance use alone. Therefore, future connectivity studies in the substance use population should account for the presence of ADHD in their samples, which may be associated with disparate connectivity profiles.