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Öğe 1,3-Propanediol production potential of Clostridium saccharobutylicum NRRL B-643(Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Gungormusler, Mine; Gonen, Cagdas; Ozdemir, Guven; Azbar, NuriOwing to the significant interest in biofuel production in the form of biodiesel, vast amount of glycerol as a waste product is produced all over the world Among the economically viable and ecologically acceptable solutions for the safe disposal of this waste, biotechnological conversion of glycerol into a valuable bioplastic raw material, namely 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) seems to be very promising In this study, 1,3-PDO production potential of Clostridium saccharobutylicum NRRL B-643 was studied and the results were compared with other types of anaerobic microorganisms (Clostridium spp, Pantoea agglomerans, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Chyreseomonas luteola, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and aerobic microorganisms (Lactobacillus spp) The results were important for understanding the significance of C saccharobutylicum NRRL B-643 among other well-known 1,3-PDO producer species According to the screening results only C saccharobutylicum (B-643) was able to consume feed glycerol almost entirely However, 1,3-PDO production yield was found to be 0 36 mol/mol which is lower than that of Clostiridium beijerinckii (B-593) B-593 showed the highest value of production yields with 0 54 mol/mol This microorganism is seen as a promising type for further 1,3-PDO studies, because it has the highest substrate utilization percentage among others In this regard, this microorganism may have an important role in tolerating and converting glycerol during fermentation into 1,3-PDOÖğe Antimicrobial activity of volatile component and various extracts of Enteromorpha linza (Linnaeus) J. Agardh from the coast of Izmir, Turkey(Springer, 2006) Sukatar, Atakan; Karabay-Yavasoglu, N. Ulky; Ozdemir, Guven; Horzum, ZerrinThe methanol, dichloromethane, hexane, chloroform and volatile components of Enteromorpha linza were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against five Gram-positive, four Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans ATCC 10239. GC-MS analysis of the volatile components of E. linza resulted in the identification of 35 compounds which constituted 84.76% of the total compounds. The volatile components of E. linza consisted of n-tetratriacontane (8.45%), 1-heptaclecanamine (6.65%) and docosane (6.46%) as major components. The methanol and chloroform extracts showed more potent antimicrobial activity than hexane and dichloromethane extracts. The volatile oils of these algae did not remarkably inhibit the growth of tested microorganisms.Öğe Antimicrobial activity of volatile components and various extracts of the red alga Jania rubens(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2007) Karabay-Yavasoglu, N. Ulku; Sukatar, Atakan; Ozdemir, Guven; Horzum, ZerrinThe methanol, dichloromethane, hexane, chloroform and volatile oil extracts of the red alga Jania rubens were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity (five Gram-positive, four Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans ATCC 10239). GC-MS analysis of the volatile components of J. rubens identified 40 compounds which constituted 77.53% of the total. The volatile components of J. rubens consisted of n-docosane (6.35%), n-eicosane (5.77%) and n-tetratriacontane (5.58%) as major components. The methanol and chloroform extracts (4 mg/disc) showed more potent antimicrobial activity than the hexane and dichloromethane extracts and the volatile oil of J. rubens. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of solvent extracts and the essential oil composition of Laurencia obtusa and Laurencia obtusa var. pyramidata(Ars Docendi, 2011) Demirel, Zeliha; Yilmaz-Koz, Fethiye Ferda; Karabay-Yavasoglu, Nefise Ulku; Ozdemir, Guven; Sukatar, AtakanThe biological activities of Laurencia obtusa and Laurencia obtusa var. pyramidata from Cesme coasts (Turkey) were screened by using in vitro methods. The essential oils of L. obtusa and L. obtusa var. pyramidata were obtained by steam distillation and their chemical compositions were analyzed by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activities against bacteria (two specific pathogenic strains (methicillin-oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, hemorrhagic Escherichia coli (O157: H7) RSSK 232)) and one yeast strain (Candida albicans ATCC 10239) were determined by using the disc-diffusion technique. The antimicrobial potential of the L. obtusa essential oil was found considerably strong. It showed inhibitory effect on two bacteria and one yeast strain. The hexane and chloroform extracts of L. obtusa and the methanol and chloroform extracts of L. obtusa var. pyramidata were generally found as moderate antioxidants in comparison with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E). The chloroform extracts of both the red algae have high phenolic content compared to the other extracts and essential oils.Öğe Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of brown algae from the Aegean Sea(Serbian Chemical Soc, 2009) Demirel, Zeliha; Yilmaz-Koz, Ferda F.; Karabay-Yavasoglu, Ulku N.; Ozdemir, Guven; Sukatar, AtakanThe present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanol, dichloromethane and hexane extracts, as well as the essential oils of brown algae (Phaeophyta) Colpomenia sinuosa, Dictyola dichotoma, Dictyoto dichotoma var. implexa, Petalonia fascia and Scytosiphon lomentaria, The essential oil of the macroalgae was obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activity of the algal extracts was determined using the procedures of inhibition of beta-carotene bleaching and ABTS' methods. The antioxidant effects of the extracts were compared with those of commercial antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) and alpha-tocopherol. The hexane extracts of D. dichofoma var. implexa had a higher phenolic content than the other extracts. The dichloromethane extract of S. lomentaria was found to be more active in the decolorization of ABTS(+) than the other extracts and generally the dichloromethane extracts were more active than the methanol and hexane extracts. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were assessed against Gram (+) and Grain (-) bacteria and one yeast strain by the disk diffusion method. According to the results, the dichloromethane extracts generally showed more potent antimicrobial activity than the methanol and hexane extracts at concentrations 1.5 and 1.0 mg/disk.Öğe Antimicrobial effect of adjunctive use of chlorhexidine mouthrinse in untreated gingivitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Becerik, Sema; Turkoglu, Oya; Emingil, Gulnur; Vural, Caner; Ozdemir, Guven; Atilla, GulThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine mouthrinse (CHX) in addition to daily plaque control on subgingival microbiota in patients with untreated gingivitis. Fifty gingivitis patients were randomized to CHX or placebo groups. CHX group rinsed with 0.2% CHX, while placebo group rinsed with placebo mouthrinse for 4 weeks. Subgingival plaque samples were collected and plaque index (PI), papilla bleeding index (PBI), calculus index, and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded at baseline and at 4 weeks. The amounts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and total bacteria were detected by quantitative real-time PCR method. In the CHX group the total bacteria count was significantly reduced in posterior teeth at 4 weeks (p < 0.05), while no significant decrease was observed in the placebo group (p > 0.05). CHX mouthrinse as an adjunct to daily plaque control could be useful in the management of plaque-associated gingivitis and in reducing the subgingival total bacteria count especially in posterior teeth.Öğe Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot (Chlorophyta) Essential Oil and Extracts(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 2009) Koz, F. Ferda Yilmaz; Yavasoglu, N. Ulku Karabay; Demirel, Zeliha; Sukatar, Atakan; Ozdemir, GuvenMacroalgae are rich sources of natural bioactive products. Their secondary metabolites are attracted attends in many fields of life i.e., food, animal feeding, textile. cosmetics. medicine etc. In this study, methanol, dichloromethane and hexane extracts of Codiurn firagile (Chlorophyta) were tested for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Antioxidant effects were evaluated by hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (deoxyribose degradation assay) and P-carotene bleaching assay. The extracts indicated relatively little antioxidant activities, as compared to commercial antioxidants. The composition of the essential oil of C. firagile was also analyzed by GC and GGMS. Twenty four compounds were identified of C.fragile essential oil and n-tricosane (11.88%) was determined as major component. Essential oil of C.firagile showed weak antibacterial activity against all gram positive bacteria tested, except methicillin-oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300. Similarly, all the extracts of C. fragile showed weak antimicrobial activity on tested organisms.Öğe Assessment of Comamonas testosteroni strain PT9 as a rapid phthalic acid degrader for industrial wastewaters(Wiley, 2022) Vural, Caner; Diallo, Mamadou M.; Ozdemir, GuvenIn this study, characterization of industry-borne Comamonas testosteroni strain PT9 isolate was performed by determining degradation ability on phthalic acid (PA). High-performance liquid chromatography analyses showed that strain PT9 completely degraded 102.94 mg/L of PA within 6 h. Viability polymerase chain reaction (vPCR) was performed with propidium monoazide treatment. vPCR showed that the PA has positively stimulated the cell growth during degradation. To consider the fate of PA, the proposed catalytic genes (ophA2, iphA2, tphA2, tphA3, pmdA, and pmdB) for the degradation pathways of PA isomers for C. testosteroni were screened in strain PT9. All genes except iphA2 were detected in strain PT9, and expression levels of related genes were analyzed by Real-Time PCR (qPCR).Öğe Assessment of Microbial and Ecotoxicological Qualities of Industrial Wastewater Treated with Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Process for Agricultural Irrigation(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2021) Vural, Caner; Topbas, Tugba; Daghoglu, S. Tugce; Dagli, Ozlem; Oral, Rahime; Kabay, Nalan; Ozdemir, GuvenThe issue tending toward alternative water resources tremendously becomes important for supplying the increasing water demand all over the world. It may be a good option to evaluate industrial effluents for agricultural irrigation. However, industrial effluent must be cleansed from the factors such as salt, toxic compounds, and microbial load that possibly cause negative effects on soil during agricultural irrigation. In this study, microbiological qualities and toxicity conditions of water sources such as membrane bioreactor (MBR) influent, MBR effluent, and mixture of MBR effluent and reverse osmosis (RO) permeate (MBR:RO = 2:1) were analyzed and evaluated according to irrigation standards. Total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (TAHB), total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), fecal streptococci (FS), and Clostridium spp. were screened and enumerated as indicator microbial groups for the microbial quality of water samples. Analyses of indicator microorganisms showed that loads of different bacterial groups decreased by 5.2 and 6.66 log units at maximum levels in MBR and MBR + RO system at the end of treatment. Also, evaluation of the toxicity effects of MBR effluent and MBR + RO permeate waters on Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna was investigated. None of the samples showed any acute toxic effect on D. magna after 48 h and V. fischeri in 5 min and 15 min. From the outputs of this study, it can be said that industrial effluents treated by advanced filtration technologies may provide a significant source of water for agricultural irrigation. This option can have positive impacts on both environmental and economic factors.Öğe Azithromycin as an Adjunctive Treatment of Generalized Severe Chronic Periodontitis: Clinical, Microbiologic, and Biochemical Parameters(Wiley, 2012) Han, Buket; Emingil, Gulnur; Ozdemir, Guven; Tervahartiala, Taina; Vural, Caner; Atilla, Gul; Baylas, Haluk; Sorsa, TimoBackground: This study examines the efficacy of azithromycin in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical and microbiologic parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) levels over 6 months in patients with severe generalized chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods: Twenty-eight of 36 patients with severe generalized CP were included in this randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm study. They were randomly assigned to azithromycin or placebo groups (500 mg, once daily for 3 days). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, dichotomous presence or absence of supragingival plaque accumulation, and bleeding on probing were recorded. GCF samples were obtained from one single-rooted tooth with PD >= 6 mm, whereas microbiologic samples were collected from two single-rooted teeth with PD >= 6 mm. Microbiologic parameters were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and total bacteria. GCF MMP-8 levels were determined by immunofluorescence assay. Results: Azithromycin and placebo groups demonstrated similar but significant improvements in all clinical parameters (P < 0.05). A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia, and total bacteria significantly decreased over the 6-month period in both groups, whereas F. nucleatum was significantly reduced in all visits in the azithromycin group, with the levels also being lower compared with those of the placebo group (P < 0.05). The azithromycin and placebo groups exhibited significant reduction in GCF MMP-8 levels at the post-treatment visit and at 2 weeks (P < 0.05). Conclusion: On the basis of the present findings, it can be concluded that adjunctive azithromycin provides no additional benefit over non-surgical periodontal treatment on parameters investigated in patients with severe generalized CP. J Periodontol 2012;83:1480-1491.Öğe Bacterial and archeal dynamics of a labscale HYBRID gas fermentation bioreactor fed with CO2 and H-2(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2019) Karabey, Burcin; Daglioglu, Sidika Tugce; Azbar, Nuri; Ozdemir, Guven16s rDNA-based methods were used in order to identify the dynamics of microbial profiles in a HYBRID gas fermentation bio-methanization reactor. The effects of various H-2 and CO2 ratios on microbial community were investigated. The HYBRID gas fermentation reactor was composed of granular anaerobic seed and the system fed with only H-2 and CO2 gases. No additional organic material and trace element was fed during the throughout the experiments; thus, the microbial diversity was directly related to production of methane. The dynamics of the microbial communities were investigated with DGGE and real-time PCR analysis. The results showed that Methanobacteriales members were more dominated than Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales members in the system. DGGE results indicated that Methanosaeta concilii, Methanoculleus sp., Methanosphaerula palustris, Methanofollis formosanus, Methanolinea sp., and Methanobacterium palustre were the most prominent methanogens depending on different H-2/CO2 ratios. DGGE profiles suggested that hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic species were responsible for the production of methane. The survival of syntrophic bacteria and acetoclastic methanogens was attributed to their utilization of organic materials provided by lysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first microbial profile detection study in a hybrid bioreactor system operated with only pure hydrogen and carbon dioxide.Öğe Bacterial cooperation on anthracene degradation in acclimated tank reactor system(Current Biology Ltd, 2013) Vural, Caner; Bayrak, Didem Eroglu; Saygili, Burcin; Tunc, Ezgi; Ozdemir, GuvenÖğe Biodegradation of Terephthalic Acid by Isolated Active Sludge Microorganisms and Monitoring of Bacteria in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor(Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2021) Aksu, Didem; Vural, Caner; Karabey, Burcin; Ozdemir, GuvenTerephthalic acid is extensively used as an important raw material in polyester fibers, as well as the production of polyethylene terephthalate bottles and textile industries. Especially, in the petrochemical industry, toxic chemicals are released to the atmosphere during the production of polyethylene terephthalate, unless the wastewater treatment is carried out. It's a well-known fact that chemicals have serious side effects on human health, so manufacturing companies should not dispose of such harmful chemicals without treatment. Biodegradation is an effective option for eco-friendly degradation of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are everywhere in environment and can utilize these chemicals as sources of carbon and energy. In the present study, aerobic bacterial strains T1, T4, T5, and TK were isolated from activated sludge and crude oil deposits of a petrochemical company in Turkey. The strains were identified to be Pseudomonas sp., Chryseobacterium sp., Burkholderia sp., and Arthrobacter sp. according to morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. The strains were able to degrade about 100% of 100 mg/L terephthalic acid within, respectively, 8, 67, 52, 24 hour as sole carbon and energy source. Therefore, these isolates can be effectively used for degradation of terephthalic acid contaminated sites. In addition to this, a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) was used to test the biodegradation capabilities of the isolates in the activated sludge system. Throughout the biodegradation, bacterial existence and numbers were monitored using designed primer-probe sets in real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Öğe CO2 utilization via a novel anaerobic bioprocess configuration with simulated gas mixture and real stack gas samples(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Daglioglu, S. Tugce; Karabey, Burcin; Ozdemir, Guven; Azbar, NuriCO2, which is considered to be one of the major causes of climate change, has reached to critical levels in the atmosphere due to tremendous consumption of fossil fuels all over the world. In this study, anaerobic bioconversion of CO2 into bio-methane using a novel bioprocess configuration (HYBRID bioreactor) was studied under mesophilic conditions. Varying ratios of H-2/CO2 gas mixture and volumetric feeding rates were investigated and no additional organic matter and trace element were needed throughout the study. The maximum methane production of 19 m(3) CH4/m(3) (reactor/)d was achieved at a H-2/CO2 ratio of 4:1 and feeding rate of 24 m(3) gas/m(3) (reactor)/d. It was determined that H-2 conversion rate is about 96%. For demonstration purpose, real stack gas sample from a petrochemical industry was also tested under optimized operational conditions. No inhibitory effect from stack gas mixture was observed. This study provided an environmentally friendly and sustainable solution for industries such as petrochemical industry in order to produce extra energy while capturing their waste CO2. Thereby, a sustainable and environmentally friendly model solution was presented for industries with high CO2 emissions.Öğe Comparative analysis of the effect of cell immobilization on the hydrogenothrophic biomethanation of CO2(Wiley Periodicals, Inc, 2021) Daglioglu, Tugce; Ogut, Tuba Ceren; Ozdemir, Guven; Azbar, NuriCarbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been offered as a potential technological solution for mitigating the greenhouse gas emissions and climate change concern worldwide. Anaerobically carbon utilization has started to be in the agenda of researchers in recent years since this approach offers significant advantages such as use of catalysis reactions through environmentally friendly microorganisms under low temperature and pressure operational conditions. Moreover, a cleaner and more effective bioenergy production is realized in the form of biomethane. This study aimed to exploit the merits of cell immobilization in order to provide a stable hydrogenotrophic biomethanation process. For this purpose, two different immobilized bioreactors packed with plastic moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and glass beads packing materials were comparatively investigated. To the best of our knowledge, these two immobilization materials were used for the first time for this purpose. Two different bioreactor configurations were compared for the performance parameters such as methane formation rate, H-2 consumption and methane contents in the headspace. Methane content in the headspace of these bioreactors were measured to be 80 and 75% for MBBR bioreactor and glass bead bioreactors, respectively. in addition, methane formation rates (MFR) of 5.14 and 4.8 m(3)/m(3)/day were achieved in MBBR and glass beads bioreactors, respectively. Even though both bioreactor configurations performed highly efficient biomethanation of CO2, the statistical evaluation of the results indicated that MBBR performance was more favourable for hydrogenotrophic biomethanation. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Comparative effects of two different artificial body fluids on Candida albicans adhesion to soft lining materials(Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2010) Vural, Caner; Ozdemir, Guven; Kurtulmus, Huseyin; Kumbuloglu, Ovul; Ozcan, MutluThis study investigated the C. albicans adhesion to cold- and heat-polymerized soft lining materials that were initially incubated in two different artificial body fluids, namely saliva and nasal secretion, and examined the surface roughness the materials (cold and heat polymerized soft liner) tested in vitro. Cold (Visco Gel) and heat-polymerized (Molloplast B) soft liner specimens (N=32, n=8 per group) (10x10x1.5 mm) were randomly produced to express the relationship between surface roughness and contamination, and influence of body fluids, and incubated in 1.5 ml contaminated solutions for 2 h. After fixation, all of materials were evaluated under optical microscope (x400) and SEM. Surface roughness measurements were examined with profilometre for each material. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD and Dunnett T3 tests (alpha=0.05). Material type (p<0.05) and contamination media (p<0.05) showed a significant influence on the C. albicans adherence. The surface roughness of cold polymerized soft liner (Visco Gel) was significantly higher than heat-polymerized soft liner (Molloplast B) (p<0.05).Öğe Comparative Evaluation of Two Packing Materials (Glass Pipe and Ceramic Ball) for Hydrogenothrophic Biomethanation (BHM) of CO2(Springer, 2020) Daglioglu, S. Tugce; Ogut, T. Ceren; Ozdemir, Guven; Azbar, NuriHydrogenothrophic biomethanation of CO2 is an attractive alternative method for either to increase biogas production or upgrading biogas in biogas plants as a carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology. the use of various packaging materials providing efficient cell immobilization can increase hydrogenotrophic biomethanation efficiency. For this purpose, the effect of two packing materials (ceramic ball and glass pipe) on hydrogenotrophic biomethanation efficiency were investigated. It was found that glass pipe outcompeted ceramic ball in terms of both H-2 utilisation efficiency (55% for ceramic ball and 85% for the glass pipe), high CH4 content in the headspace (65% for ceramic ball and 78% for the glass pipe) and methane formation rates (MFR: 3.9 and 4.8 m(CH4)(3)/m(reactor)(3)/day for ceramic ball and glass pipe, respectively). [GRAPHICS] .Öğe DECOLORIZATION OF VARIOUS LEATHER DYES AND LEATHER INDUSTRY EFFLUENT BY Trametes trogii TEM H2(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2012) Pazarbasi, M. Baris; Kocyigit, Ali; Ozdemir, Guven; Yasa, Ihsan; Karaboz, IsmailDecolorization of Acid Blue 7 which is used widely in leather industry was investigated as a model for a decolorization system using soluble starch yeast extract medium under agitated and static conditions with Trametes trogii TEM H2. The effects of different physico-chemical parameters were tested and optimal decolorization rates occurred at pH 5.0 and at 27 degrees C. Decolorization of Acid Blue 7 under agitated and static conditions was determined to be 99.9% and 63.5%, respectively. Decolorization was associated with laccase activity which reached 1110.3 U/L in agitated cultures in the presence of Acid Blue 7 on the 6th day of cultivation. T. trogii TEM H2 was further evaluated for the decolorization of 8 other leather dyes, such as Acid Black 210, Acid Green 20, Acid Yellow 36, Acid Black 24, Acid Black 234, Acid Violet 17, Acid Blue 134, Acid Brown 349, and a mixture of Acid Blue 7 with these 8 leather dyes and leather industry effluents. The decolorization rates after 24 h for the dye mixture and the effluent (10%) were 88% and 48%, respectively. The strain was considered as a good candidate for biodegradation and bioremediation of leather dye-polluted effluents due to its laccase production and decolorizing ability.Öğe Determination of the microbial flora in traditional A degrees zmir Tulum cheeses by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis(Springer India, 2018) Karabey, Burcin; Eroglu, Didem; Vural, Caner; Ozdemir, Guven; Yerlikaya, Oktay; Kinik, OzerIn this study, it was aimed to determine microbial flora members in three traditional Tulum cheeses (C1, C2 and C3) produced in different villages and settlement areas in A degrees zmir, Turkey. For this purpose, culture depended and 16S rRNA based culture independent methods were used. According to the results of culture depended method, Lactococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Pediococcus spp. and yeast-mold were detected in all samples at different levels. In order to determine and identify both of the culturable and non-culturable microorganisms, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used. DGGE results have shown that there were eight different dominant microorganisms (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis subs. lactis, Streptococcus infantarius subs. infantarius, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Streptococcus equinus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactococcus garvieae) in three regionally cheese samples. Further more, total bacterial loads were monitored with real-time PCR (qPCR) method. According to the results, 3.5 x 10(8), 3.8 x 10(8), 8.4 x 10(8) copy number of DNA was detected in C1, C2 and C3 cheese samples, respectively. This study is the first description for the dynamics of microbial composition of Izmir Tulum cheese after the production and brining processes.Öğe Determining the effect of trace elements on biohydrogen production from fruit and vegetable wastes(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Keskin, Tugba; Arslan, Kubra; Abubackar, Haris Nalakth; Vural, Cansu; Eroglu, Didem; Karaalp, Duygu; Yanik, Jale; Ozdemir, Guven; Azbar, NuriTrace elements are one of the important parameters for dark fermentative H-2 production because they work as co-factors in H-2 formation biochemistry. Lack or excess of trace element and its concentrations could be an important reason for the low yield of H-2 production. In this study, the effects of 11 different trace elements (Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Mn, Al, B, Se, Mo and W) were tested at two levels in terms of biohydrogen production from Fruit and Vegetable Wastes (FVW) with Biochemical Hydrogen Potential (BHP) Tests using Plackett-Burman statistical design. 1.1-2.8 times enhancement of biohydrogen production was determined with its addition. The most effective trace elements were found as Zn and Ni. In order to reveal the resident microbial flora, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis was carried out on all BHP effluent samples. Results of DGGE analysis, four microbial sequences evaluated as Clostridium sp., Clostridium baratii, Uncultured bacterium, Uncultured Streptococcus sp., and their similarity rates were 99%, 100%, 89%, 98%, respectively. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.
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