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Öğe Association Between Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms and Extrapancreatic Malignancies(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Marchegiani, Giovanni; Malleo, Giuseppe; D'Haese, Jan G.; Wenzel, Patrick; Keskin, Muharrem; Pugliese, Luigi; Borin, Alex; Benning, Valentina; Nilsson, Linda; Oruc, Nevin; Segersvard, Ralf; Friess, Helmut; Schmid, Roland; Lohr, Matthias; Maisonneuve, Patrick; Bassi, Claudio; Ceyhan, Gueralp O.; Salvia, Roberto; Del Chiaro, MarcoBACKGROUND & AIMS: The association between pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPNs) is controversial. We performed a multicenter observational study to assess the incidence of EPNs after an IPMN diagnosis. METHODS: 1340 patients with IPMNs were evaluated from 2000 through 2013 at 4 academic institutions in Europe for development of EPN. To estimate the actual incidence of EPN, we excluded patients with an EPN previous or synchronous to the IPMN, and patients who had been followed for less than 12 months, resulting in a study population of 816 patients. The incidence of EPN was compared with sex-specific, age-adjusted European cancer statistics; the standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and the 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 290/1340 patients had a history of EPN (prevalence of 21.6%). In this subgroup of patients, the IPMN was discovered incidentally in 241. Among the 816 patients included in the incidence analysis, 50 developed an EPN after a median time of 46 months from study enrollment. The incidence of any EPN was not greater in patients with than without IPMN with a SIR of 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-2.22) in males and of 1.39 (95% CI 0.90-2.05) in females. The 5-and 10-year cumulative incidence rates for development of EPN in patients with IPMN were 7.9% and 16.6% in men, and 3.4% and 23.1% in women. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IPMN do not have a significantly higher incidence of EPNs than the general European population. It might not be necessary to screen patients with IPMN for EPN.Öğe Association Between Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms and Extrapancreatic Malignancies(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Marchegiani, Giovanni; Malleo, Giuseppe; D'Haese, Jan G.; Wenzel, Patrick; Keskin, Muharrem; Pugliese, Luigi; Borin, Alex; Benning, Valentina; Nilsson, Linda; Oruc, Nevin; Segersvard, Ralf; Friess, Helmut; Schmid, Roland; Lohr, Matthias; Maisonneuve, Patrick; Bassi, Claudio; Ceyhan, Gueralp O.; Salvia, Roberto; Del Chiaro, MarcoBACKGROUND & AIMS: The association between pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPNs) is controversial. We performed a multicenter observational study to assess the incidence of EPNs after an IPMN diagnosis. METHODS: 1340 patients with IPMNs were evaluated from 2000 through 2013 at 4 academic institutions in Europe for development of EPN. To estimate the actual incidence of EPN, we excluded patients with an EPN previous or synchronous to the IPMN, and patients who had been followed for less than 12 months, resulting in a study population of 816 patients. The incidence of EPN was compared with sex-specific, age-adjusted European cancer statistics; the standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and the 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 290/1340 patients had a history of EPN (prevalence of 21.6%). In this subgroup of patients, the IPMN was discovered incidentally in 241. Among the 816 patients included in the incidence analysis, 50 developed an EPN after a median time of 46 months from study enrollment. The incidence of any EPN was not greater in patients with than without IPMN with a SIR of 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-2.22) in males and of 1.39 (95% CI 0.90-2.05) in females. The 5-and 10-year cumulative incidence rates for development of EPN in patients with IPMN were 7.9% and 16.6% in men, and 3.4% and 23.1% in women. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IPMN do not have a significantly higher incidence of EPNs than the general European population. It might not be necessary to screen patients with IPMN for EPN.Öğe Association Between Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms and Extrapancreatic Malignancies(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Marchegiani, Giovanni; Malleo, Giuseppe; D'Haese, Jan G.; Wenzel, Patrick; Keskin, Muharrem; Pugliese, Luigi; Borin, Alex; Benning, Valentina; Nilsson, Linda; Oruc, Nevin; Segersvard, Ralf; Friess, Helmut; Schmid, Roland; Lohr, Matthias; Maisonneuve, Patrick; Bassi, Claudio; Ceyhan, Gueralp O.; Salvia, Roberto; Del Chiaro, MarcoBACKGROUND & AIMS: The association between pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPNs) is controversial. We performed a multicenter observational study to assess the incidence of EPNs after an IPMN diagnosis. METHODS: 1340 patients with IPMNs were evaluated from 2000 through 2013 at 4 academic institutions in Europe for development of EPN. To estimate the actual incidence of EPN, we excluded patients with an EPN previous or synchronous to the IPMN, and patients who had been followed for less than 12 months, resulting in a study population of 816 patients. The incidence of EPN was compared with sex-specific, age-adjusted European cancer statistics; the standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and the 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 290/1340 patients had a history of EPN (prevalence of 21.6%). In this subgroup of patients, the IPMN was discovered incidentally in 241. Among the 816 patients included in the incidence analysis, 50 developed an EPN after a median time of 46 months from study enrollment. The incidence of any EPN was not greater in patients with than without IPMN with a SIR of 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-2.22) in males and of 1.39 (95% CI 0.90-2.05) in females. The 5-and 10-year cumulative incidence rates for development of EPN in patients with IPMN were 7.9% and 16.6% in men, and 3.4% and 23.1% in women. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IPMN do not have a significantly higher incidence of EPNs than the general European population. It might not be necessary to screen patients with IPMN for EPN.Öğe Increased incidence of extrapancreatic neoplasms in patients with IPMN: Fact or fiction? A critical systematic review(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Pugliese, Luigi; Keskin, Muharrem; Maisonneuve, Patrick; D'Haese, Jan G.; Marchegiani, Giovanni; Wenzel, Patrick; Del Chiaro, Marco; Ceyhan, Guralp O.Background: To identify potential associations between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPN), a systematic review of the literature has been performed. Methods: A systematic search of Medline/Pubmed was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis for the following search terms: "extrapancreatic", "non pancreatic", "additional pancreatic", "additional primary" and alternatively matched with "neo-plasms/tumours/cancers/malignancies/lesions". The results obtained specifically for IPMN were examined one by one by two independent investigators for further data selection and extraction. Results: Fifteen studies were identified to be suitable and included for systematic review. Fourteen reported an elevated risk for extrapancreatic malignancy, particularly gastric and colon cancer, while the largest and only prospective study did not find any association. Most studies were retrospective with a weak level of evidence that was not substantially enhanced even by a recent multicentre case series. Conclusions: The available data on this clinically relevant question remain inconclusive. Due to lacking evidence on extrapancreatic neoplasms in IPMN patients, only a standard surveillance can be advised. Copyright (C) 2015, IAP and EPC. Published by Elsevier India, a division of Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Increased incidence of extrapancreatic neoplasms in patients with IPMN: Fact or fiction? A critical systematic review(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Pugliese, Luigi; Keskin, Muharrem; Maisonneuve, Patrick; D'Haese, Jan G.; Marchegiani, Giovanni; Wenzel, Patrick; Del Chiaro, Marco; Ceyhan, Guralp O.Background: To identify potential associations between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPN), a systematic review of the literature has been performed. Methods: A systematic search of Medline/Pubmed was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis for the following search terms: "extrapancreatic", "non pancreatic", "additional pancreatic", "additional primary" and alternatively matched with "neo-plasms/tumours/cancers/malignancies/lesions". The results obtained specifically for IPMN were examined one by one by two independent investigators for further data selection and extraction. Results: Fifteen studies were identified to be suitable and included for systematic review. Fourteen reported an elevated risk for extrapancreatic malignancy, particularly gastric and colon cancer, while the largest and only prospective study did not find any association. Most studies were retrospective with a weak level of evidence that was not substantially enhanced even by a recent multicentre case series. Conclusions: The available data on this clinically relevant question remain inconclusive. Due to lacking evidence on extrapancreatic neoplasms in IPMN patients, only a standard surveillance can be advised. Copyright (C) 2015, IAP and EPC. Published by Elsevier India, a division of Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Increased incidence of extrapancreatic neoplasms in patients with IPMN: Fact or fiction? A critical systematic review(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Pugliese, Luigi; Keskin, Muharrem; Maisonneuve, Patrick; D'Haese, Jan G.; Marchegiani, Giovanni; Wenzel, Patrick; Del Chiaro, Marco; Ceyhan, Guralp O.Background: To identify potential associations between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) and extrapancreatic neoplasms (EPN), a systematic review of the literature has been performed. Methods: A systematic search of Medline/Pubmed was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis for the following search terms: "extrapancreatic", "non pancreatic", "additional pancreatic", "additional primary" and alternatively matched with "neo-plasms/tumours/cancers/malignancies/lesions". The results obtained specifically for IPMN were examined one by one by two independent investigators for further data selection and extraction. Results: Fifteen studies were identified to be suitable and included for systematic review. Fourteen reported an elevated risk for extrapancreatic malignancy, particularly gastric and colon cancer, while the largest and only prospective study did not find any association. Most studies were retrospective with a weak level of evidence that was not substantially enhanced even by a recent multicentre case series. Conclusions: The available data on this clinically relevant question remain inconclusive. Due to lacking evidence on extrapancreatic neoplasms in IPMN patients, only a standard surveillance can be advised. Copyright (C) 2015, IAP and EPC. Published by Elsevier India, a division of Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Indications of 24-h esophageal pH monitoring, capsule pH monitoring, combined pH monitoring with multichannel impedance, esophageal manometry, radiology and scintigraphy in gastroesophageal reflux disease?(Aves, 2017) Vardar, Rukiye; Keskin, MuharremAmbulatory esophageal pH monitoring is an essential method in patients exhibiting signs of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) to make an objective diagnosis. Intra-esophageal pH monitoring is important in patients who are non-responsive to medications and in those with extraesophageal symptoms, particularly in NERD, before surgical interventions. With the help of the wireless capsule pH monitoring, measurements can be made under more physiological conditions as well as longer recordings can be performed because the investigation can be better tolerated by patients. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring can be detected within normal limits in 17%-31.4% of the patients with endoscopic esophagitis; therefore, normal pH monitoring cannot exclude the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Multi-channel intraluminal impedance pH (MII-pH) technology have been developed and currently the most sensitive tool to evaluate patients with both typical and atypical reflux symptoms. The sensitivity of a pH catheter test is 58% for the detection of acid reflux compared with MII-pH monitoring; further, its sensitivity is 28% for the detection of weak acid reflux compared with MII-pH monitoring. By adding impedance to pH catheter in patients with reflux symptoms, particularly in those receiving PPIs, it has been demonstrated that higher rates of diagnoses and symptom analyses can be obtained than those using only pH catheter. Esophageal manometry is used in the evaluation of patients with functional dysphagia and unexplained noncardiac chest pain and prior to antireflux surgery. The use of esophageal manometry is suitable for the detection of esophageal motor patterns and extreme motor abnormalities (e.g., achalasia and extreme hypomotility). Esophageal manometry and ambulatory pH monitoring are often used in assessments prior to laparoscopic antireflux surgery and in patients with reflux symptoms refractory to medical treatment. Although the esophageal motility is predominantly normal in patients with non-acid reflux, ineffective esophageal motility is often monitored in patients with acid reflux. In the literature, there are contradictory and an insufficient number of studies regarding radiological methods for the diagnosis of GERD. There are inconsistent values for sensitivity and specificity among the barium studies. There are inadequate studies in the literature involving scintigraphic examinations in the diagnosis of GERD, and a majority of existing studies have been conducted in the pediatric group. The results of a few studies do not provide sufficient contribution toward the implementation in clinical practice.Öğe Indications of 24-h esophageal pH monitoring, capsule pH monitoring, combined pH monitoring with multichannel impedance, esophageal manometry, radiology and scintigraphy in gastroesophageal reflux disease?(2017) Vardar, Rukiye; Keskin, MuharremAmbulatory esophageal pH monitoring is an essential method in patients exhibiting signs of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) to make an objective diagnosis. Intra-esophageal pH monitoring is important in patients who are non-responsive to medications and in those with extraesophageal symptoms, particularly in NERD, before surgical interventions. With the help of the wireless capsule pH monitoring, measurements can be made under more physiological conditions as well as longer recordings can be performed because the investigation can be better tolerated by patients. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring can be detected within normal limits in 17%-31.4% of the patients with endoscopic esophagitis; therefore, normal pH monitoring cannot exclude the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Multi-channel intraluminal impedance pH (MII-pH) technology have been developed and currently the most sensitive tool to evaluate patients with both typical and atypical reflux symptoms. the sensitivity of a pH catheter test is 58% for the detection of acid reflux compared with MII-pH monitoring; further, its sensitivity is 28% for the detection of weak acid reflux compared with MII-pH monitoring. By adding impedance to pH catheter in patients with reflux symptoms, particularly in those receiving PPIs, it has been demonstrated that higher rates of diagnoses and symptom analyses can be obtained than those using only pH catheter. Esophageal manometry is used in the evaluation of patients with functional dysphagia and unexplained noncardiac chest pain and prior to antireflux surgery. the use of esophageal manometry is suitable for the detection of esophageal motor patterns and extreme motor abnormalities (e.g., achalasia and extreme hypomotility). Esophageal manometry and ambulatory pH monitoring are often used in assessments prior to laparoscopic antireflux surgery and in patients with reflux symptoms refractory to medical treatment. Although the esophageal motility is predominantly normal in patients with non-acid reflux, ineffective esophageal motility is often monitored in patients with acid reflux. in the literature, there are contradictory and an insufficient number of studies regarding radiological methods for the diagnosis of GERD. There are inconsistent values for sensitivity and specificity among the barium studies. There are inadequate studies in the literature involving scintigraphic examinations in the diagnosis of GERD, and a majority of existing studies have been conducted in the pediatric group. the results of a few studies do not provide sufficient contribution toward the implementation in clinical practiceÖğe Sıçanlarda fruktoz ve demir aracılı steatohepatit modeli(Ege Üniversitesi, 2013) Keskin, Muharrem; Ersöz, GalipBu çalışmada, sıçanlarda fruktoz ve demir aracılığıyla insan fenotipine yakın bir steatohepatit modeli oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 90 adet 1,5-2 aylık Wistar-Albino cinsi dişi sıçanlar randomize bir şekilde 30' lu 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Ad libitum beslenen kontrol grubu, içme suyu içinde %60 konsantre fruktoz çözeltisi verilen fruktoz grubu ile içme suyu içinde %60 konsantre fruktoz çözeltisi ve ikişer haftalık aralıklarla parenteral demir uygulanan fruktoz-demir grupları çalışılmıştır. Tüm gruplara günlük eşit miktarda kalori verilmiştir. İkişer haftalık aralıklarla (2., 4., 6., 8. ve 10. haftalarda) tüm gruplardan 5'er sıçana laparotomi uygulandıktan sonra karaciğer ve kan örnekleri alınarak biyokimyasal ve histopatolojik progress değerlendirilmiştir. On haftalık çalışma sürecinde hiçbir grupta karaciğer yağlanması ve fibrozisi saptanmamıştır. Fruktozla beslenen sıçanlarda hepatosellüler balonlaşma skorları kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Fruktoz ve fruktoz-demir gruplarında kontrol grubuna göre serum AST ve ALT değerlerinde yükselme saptanmamıştır. Fruktoz-demir grubunda 10. haftada kontrol ve fruktoz gruplarına göre ferritin düzeyi anlamlı yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Ayrıca histopatolojik olarak 4. haftadan itibaren fruktoz-demir grubunda karaciğerde demir birikimi de saptanmıştır. Genç ve dişi sıçanlarda %60 konsantrasyonda fruktozlu içme suyuyla ve demir yüklemeyle 10 haftalık süreçte biyokimyasal ve histopatolojik steatohepatit modeli oluşturulamamıştır. İnsan fenotipine yakın bir steatohepatit modeli oluşturabilmek için en az 16 haftalık bir süreyle yetişkin erkek sıçanlarda çalışılması, yeterli hidrasyon ve beslenmenin sağlanabilmesi için de fruktozun yemle kombine edilerek verilmesi daha uygun görünmektedir.Öğe What is the place of empirical proton pump inhibitor testing in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease? (Description, duration, and dosage)(Aves, 2017) Vardar, Rukiye; Keskin, MuharremEmpirical acid suppression tests that are performed with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are used to detect both the presence of acid-related gastrointestinal symptoms and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In comparison to other diagnostic methods, it is non-invasive, easily applicable, and cost-effective in the diagnosis of GERD. In addition to typical reflux symptoms, it can also be used for diagnostic purposes in patients with non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP). If the symptom response is 50% and above when obtained using the PPI test in patients with NCCP, it can be considered as positive and the treatment should be continued sensitivity of the PPI test in patients with typical symptoms of GERD is 27%-89%, while its specificity is 35%-83%. Although there are differences related to the duration and dosage of the PPI test, a significant difference has not been found according to the type of PPI. When PPI test sensitivity and specificity were calculated by cumulatively evaluating the data regarding the PPI test in the literature, a sensitivity of 82.3% and specificity of 51.5% was obtained. It has been found that high doses of PPI were mostly used in studies, and the duration of the median test was 14 days. As a result, the sensitivity of PPI trial test is good, but the specificity is low in the diagnosis of GERD in patients with typical reflux symptoms.Öğe What is the place of empirical proton pump inhibitor testing in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease? (Description, duration, and dosage)(2017) Vardar, Rukiye; Keskin, MuharremEmpirical acid suppression tests that are performed with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are used to detect both the presence of acid-related gastrointestinal symptoms and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). in comparison to other diagnostic methods, it is non-invasive, easily applicable, and cost-effective in the diagnosis of GERD. in addition to typical reflux symptoms, it can also be used for diagnostic purposes in patients with non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP). If the symptom response is 50% and above when obtained using the PPI test in patients with NCCP, it can be considered as positive and the treatment should be continued sensitivity of the PPI test in patients with typical symptoms of GERD is 27%-89%, while its specificity is 35%-83%. Although there are differences related to the duration and dosage of the PPI test, a significant difference has not been found according to the type of PPI. When PPI test sensitivity and specificity were calculated by cumulatively evaluating the data regarding the PPI test in the literature, a sensitivity of 82.3% and specificity of 51.5% was obtained. It has been found that high doses of PPI were mostly used in studies, and the duration of the median test was 14 days. As a result, the sensitivity of PPI trial test is good, but the specificity is low in the diagnosis of GERD in patients with typical reflux symptoms